oracle对象

1.表
a)创建表1

create table students(
	id number(10),
	stuno number(10) ,
	sex varchar2(2),
	age int,
	classno varchar2(4) ,
	regdate date default sysdate 
);

b)创建表2

create table student_2
as select * from students;

修改表:
为表增加列(字段)

alter table students add (province varchar2(10));

为表删除列

alter table students drop column province;

修改列

alter table students  modify classno varchar2(6);

重命名表:

alter talbe students rename to students_new;

删除表:

drop table students;//仅删除表
drop table students cascade constraints;//删除表和这个表的视图、约束或触发器

约束:既可以在create table语句进行,也可以在alter table 中进行
非空约束:
1)在create table中:

create table students(
	id number(10),
	stuno number(10) not null,
	sex varchar2(2),
	age int,
	classno varchar2(4) not null,
	regdate date default sysdate 
);

2)在alter table中

alter table students modify stuno not null;

主键约束(已经包含非空约束):
增加
1)在create table中:

create table students(
	id number(10) primary key,
	stuno number(10) not null,
	sex varchar2(2),
	age int,
	classno varchar2(4) not null,
	regdate date default sysdate 
);

2)在alter table中

alter table students add primary key(id);
alter table students add constraint Students_PK primary key(id);

删除

alter table students drop constraint Students_PK;

外键约束:
1)在create table中:

create table students(
	id number(10) primary key,
	stuno number(10) not null,
	sex varchar2(2),
	age int,
	classno varchar2(4) not null,
	regdate date default sysdate,
	classid number(4),
	constraint Students_FK foreign key(classid) references class(classid) 
);

2)在alter table中:

alter table students add constraint Students_FK foreign key(classid) references class(classid); 

索引对象:
B树(Btree)索引;

create index students_stuno_index on students(stuno);

位图索引:

create bitmap index students_sex_index on students(sex);

删除索引:

drop index stuents_stuno_index;

视图对象:
创建视图:

create or replace view students_view as
select id,stuno,sex from students;

创建只读视图:

create or replace view students_view as
select id,stuno,sex from students with read only;

删除视图:

drop view students_view;

序列:
创建序列:

create sequence students_seq
maxvalue 99999
start with 9000
increment by 100
cache 50;

使用序列:

insert into students(id) values(students_seq.nextval);

删除序列:

drop sequence students_seq;
posted on 2017-05-24 15:51  WesTward  阅读(1306)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报