一道腾讯面试题
- /**
- * 已知有个rand7()的函数,返回1到7随机自然数,让利用这个rand7()构造rand10() 随机1~10。
- */
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Text;
- namespace ConsoleApplication1
- {
- class Program
- {
- staticvoid Main(string[] args)
- {
- Rand10 rand10 = Rand10.GetInstance();
- long total = 9999999;
- //记录1~10的数产生的次数
- int[] numArray = newint[10];
- for (long i = 0; i < total; i++)
- {
- int randomNumber = rand10.Next();
- numArray[randomNumber - 1]++;
- }
- //打印产生各数的概率
- for (int i = 0; i < numArray.Length; i++)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("产生{0}的概率是:{1:0.00000}", i + 1, (Double)numArray[i] / total));
- }
- Console.ReadLine();
- }
- }
- //1~7的随机数产生类
- publicclass Rand7
- {
- privatestatic Rand7 _rand7;
- privatereadonly Random _random = new Random();
- private Rand7()
- {
- }
- publicstatic Rand7 GetInstance()
- {
- if(_rand7==null)
- {
- _rand7 = new Rand7();
- }
- return _rand7;
- }
- //获得随机数
- publicint Next()
- {
- return _random.Next(1, 8);
- }
- }
- //1~10的随机数产生类
- publicclass Rand10
- {
- privatestatic Rand10 rand10;
- private Rand7 _rand7 = Rand7.GetInstance();
- private Rand10()
- {
- }
- publicstatic Rand10 GetInstance()
- {
- if(rand10==null)
- {
- rand10 = new Rand10();
- }
- return rand10;
- }
- //获得随机数
- publicint Next()
- {
- int num;
- //均匀产生1、 2 、3、4、5
- while (true)
- {
- num = _rand7.Next();
- if (num <= 5)
- break;
- }
- while (true)
- {
- int n = _rand7.Next();
- if (n == 4)
- continue;
- //n大于4的数字有5、6、7,因为是由Rand7产生的,所以概率均匀
- if (n > 4)
- //因为num只可取值1、2、3、4、5并且取值概率均匀,num*2可得2、4、6、8、10也概率均匀
- num *= 2;
- //n小于4的数字有1、2、3,因为是由Rand7产生的,所以概率均匀
- else
- //因为num只可取值1、2、3、4、5并且取值概率均匀,num*2-1可得1、3、5、7、9也概率均匀
- num = num * 2 - 1;
- break;
- }
- return num;
- }
- }
- }
/** * 已知有个rand7()的函数,返回1到7随机自然数,让利用这个rand7()构造rand10() 随机1~10。 */ using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Rand10 rand10 = Rand10.GetInstance(); long total = 9999999; //记录1~10的数产生的次数 int[] numArray = new int[10]; for (long i = 0; i < total; i++) { int randomNumber = rand10.Next(); numArray[randomNumber - 1]++; } //打印产生各数的概率 for (int i = 0; i < numArray.Length; i++) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("产生{0}的概率是:{1:0.00000}", i + 1, (Double)numArray[i] / total)); } Console.ReadLine(); } } //1~7的随机数产生类 public class Rand7 { private static Rand7 _rand7; private readonly Random _random = new Random(); private Rand7() { } public static Rand7 GetInstance() { if(_rand7==null) { _rand7 = new Rand7(); } return _rand7; } //获得随机数 public int Next() { return _random.Next(1, 8); } } //1~10的随机数产生类 public class Rand10 { private static Rand10 rand10; private Rand7 _rand7 = Rand7.GetInstance(); private Rand10() { } public static Rand10 GetInstance() { if(rand10==null) { rand10 = new Rand10(); } return rand10; } //获得随机数 public int Next() { int num; //均匀产生1、 2 、3、4、5 while (true) { num = _rand7.Next(); if (num <= 5) break; } while (true) { int n = _rand7.Next(); if (n == 4) continue; //n大于4的数字有5、6、7,因为是由Rand7产生的,所以概率均匀 if (n > 4) //因为num只可取值1、2、3、4、5并且取值概率均匀,num*2可得2、4、6、8、10也概率均匀 num *= 2; //n小于4的数字有1、2、3,因为是由Rand7产生的,所以概率均匀 else //因为num只可取值1、2、3、4、5并且取值概率均匀,num*2-1可得1、3、5、7、9也概率均匀 num = num * 2 - 1; break; } return num; } } }