leecode刷题(9)-- 有效的数独

leecode刷题(9)-- 有效的数独

有效的数独

描述:

判断一个 9x9 的数独是否有效。只需要根据以下规则,验证已经填入的数字是否有效即可。

  1. 数字 1-9 在每一行只能出现一次。
  2. 数字 1-9 在每一列只能出现一次。
  3. 数字 1-9 在每一个以粗实线分隔的 3x3 宫内只能出现一次。

上图是一个部分填充的有效的数独。

数独部分空格内已填入了数字,空白格用 '.' 表示。

示例 1:

输入:
[
  ["5","3",".",".","7",".",".",".","."],
  ["6",".",".","1","9","5",".",".","."],
  [".","9","8",".",".",".",".","6","."],
  ["8",".",".",".","6",".",".",".","3"],
  ["4",".",".","8",".","3",".",".","1"],
  ["7",".",".",".","2",".",".",".","6"],
  [".","6",".",".",".",".","2","8","."],
  [".",".",".","4","1","9",".",".","5"],
  [".",".",".",".","8",".",".","7","9"]
]
输出: true

示例 2:

输入:
[
  ["8","3",".",".","7",".",".",".","."],
  ["6",".",".","1","9","5",".",".","."],
  [".","9","8",".",".",".",".","6","."],
  ["8",".",".",".","6",".",".",".","3"],
  ["4",".",".","8",".","3",".",".","1"],
  ["7",".",".",".","2",".",".",".","6"],
  [".","6",".",".",".",".","2","8","."],
  [".",".",".","4","1","9",".",".","5"],
  [".",".",".",".","8",".",".","7","9"]
]
输出: false
解释: 除了第一行的第一个数字从 5 改为 8 以外,空格内其他数字均与 示例1 相同。
     但由于位于左上角的 3x3 宫内有两个 8 存在, 因此这个数独是无效的。

说明:

  • 一个有效的数独(部分已被填充)不一定是可解的。
  • 只需要根据以上规则,验证已经填入的数字是否有效即可。
  • 给定数独序列只包含数字 1-9 和字符 '.'
  • 给定数独永远是 9x9 形式的。

思路:

这道题,其实我真的不会。。。虽然知道是依次检查行、检查列、检查 9 个 3 X 3 的小九宫格是否出现重复元素,如果出现返回 false,否则返回 true。但我不知道怎么写,特别是关于判断小九宫格中每个格点坐标的值,不知道应该如何去编写代码,我笨(敲自己两下)。所以在网上查找了一下关于这道问题各位大神的解,其实自己看的并不是很懂,这里在此记录一下,希望自己以后能力提高后能独立写出来,加油!

代码如下:

public boolean isValidSudoku(char[][] board) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
			HashSet<Character> row = new HashSet<>();
			HashSet<Character> column = new HashSet<>();
			HashSet<Character> cube = new HashSet<>();
			for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++) {
				// 检查第i行,在横坐标位置
				if (board[i][j] != '.' && !row.add(board[i][j]))
					return false;
				// 检查第i列,在纵坐标位置
				if (board[j][i] != '.' && !column.add(board[j][i]))
					return false;
				// 行号+偏移量
				int RowIndex = 3 * (i / 3) + j / 3;
				// 列号+偏移量
				int ColIndex = 3 * (i % 3) + j % 3;
				//每个小九宫格,总共9个
				if (board[RowIndex][ColIndex] != '.' 
						&& !cube.add(board[RowIndex][ColIndex]))
					return false;
			}
		}
		return true;
    }

第 i 个九宫格的第 j 个格点的行号可表示为 i/3*3+j/3

第 i 个九宫格的第 j 个格点的列号可表示为 i%3*3+j%3

posted @ 2019-01-03 17:52  希希里之海  阅读(315)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报