使用 ab 对网站进行压力测试

概述

这是 Apache 自带的一个网站压力测试工具,是 ApacheBench 的缩写,我们可以使用这个工具来对我们的网站进行压力测试。

安装

在 Ubuntu 上要安装下面这个包

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sudo apt-get install apache2-utils

在 CentOS 下是下面这个包

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sudo yum install httpd-tools -y

使用

可以直接输入 ab 来看参数和使用方法:

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> ab
 
ab: wrong number of arguments
 
Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
 
Options are:
 
    -n requests     Number of requests to perform
 
    -c concurrency  Number of multiple requests to make at a time
 
    -t timelimit    Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
 
                    This implies -n 50000
 
    -s timeout      Seconds to max. wait for each response
 
                    Default is 30 seconds
 
    -b windowsize   Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
 
    -B address      Address to bind to when making outgoing connections
 
    -p postfile     File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
 
    -u putfile      File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
 
    -T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.
 
                    'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
 
                    Default is 'text/plain'
 
    -v verbosity    How much troubleshooting info to print
 
    -w              Print out results in HTML tables
 
    -i              Use HEAD instead of GET
 
    -x attributes   String to insert as table attributes
 
    -y attributes   String to insert as tr attributes
 
    -z attributes   String to insert as td or th attributes
 
    -C attribute    Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)
 
    -H attribute    Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
 
                    Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
 
    -A attribute    Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
 
                    are a colon separated username and password.
 
    -P attribute    Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
 
                    are a colon separated username and password.
 
    -X proxy:port   Proxyserver and port number to use
 
    -V              Print version number and exit
 
    -k              Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
 
    -d              Do not show percentiles served table.
 
    -S              Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
 
    -q              Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
 
    -l              Accept variable document length (use this for dynamic pages)
 
    -g filename     Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
 
    -e filename     Output CSV file with percentages served
 
    -r              Don't exit on socket receive errors.
 
    -m method       Method name
 
    -h              Display usage information (this message)
 
    -Z ciphersuite  Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
 
    -f protocol     Specify SSL/TLS protocol
 
                    (TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL)

下面介绍一个最常用的使用方法:

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ab -c 10 -n 100 http://www.example.com/

上面的意思是模仿 10 个用户对网站进行 1000 次请求。

下面是输出:

 

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> ab -c 10 -n 100 http://www.linux.cn/
 
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1706008 $>
 
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
 
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
 
Benchmarking www.linux.cn (be patient).....done
 
Server Software:        nginx
 
Server Hostname:        www.linux.cn
 
Server Port:            80
 
Document Path:          /
 
Document Length:        178 bytes
 
Concurrency Level:      10
 
Time taken for tests:   0.861 seconds
 
Complete requests:      100
 
Failed requests:        0
 
Non-2xx responses:      100
 
Total transferred:      35800 bytes
 
HTML transferred:       17800 bytes
 
Requests per second:    116.09 #/sec
 
Time per request:       86.142 ms
 
Time per request:       8.614 ms
 
Transfer rate:          40.59 [Kbytes/sec] received
 
Connection Times (ms)
 
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
 
Connect:       32   41   7.3     37      53
 
Processing:    33   42   7.4     38      55
 
Waiting:       33   42   7.4     38      55
 
Total:         65   83  14.7     75     108
 
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
 
  50%     75
 
  66%     78
 
  75%    102
 
  80%    103
 
  90%    105
 
  95%    106
 
  98%    107
 
  99%    108
 
 100%    108 (longest request)

其实最主要看的输出参数是下面这几个:

Server Software 服务器软件

Server Hostname 主机名

Server Port 服务器端口

Time taken for tests 测试时间

Complete requests 完成的请求

Failed requests 失败的请求

Time per request 每次请求的时间

Transfer rate 传输速度

posted @   Charles Zhang  阅读(1085)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
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