使用 ab 对网站进行压力测试
概述
这是 Apache 自带的一个网站压力测试工具,是 ApacheBench 的缩写,我们可以使用这个工具来对我们的网站进行压力测试。
安装
在 Ubuntu 上要安装下面这个包
1 | sudo apt-get install apache2-utils |
在 CentOS 下是下面这个包
1 | sudo yum install httpd-tools -y |
使用
可以直接输入 ab 来看参数和使用方法:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 | > ab ab: wrong number of arguments Usage: ab [options] [http[s]: // ] hostname [:port] /path Options are: -n requests Number of requests to perform -c concurrency Number of multiple requests to make at a time -t timelimit Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking This implies -n 50000 -s timeout Seconds to max. wait for each response Default is 30 seconds -b windowsize Size of TCP send /receive buffer, in bytes -B address Address to bind to when making outgoing connections -p postfile File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T -u putfile File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T -T content- type Content- type header to use for POST /PUT data, eg. 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' Default is 'text/plain' - v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print -w Print out results in HTML tables -i Use HEAD instead of GET -x attributes String to insert as table attributes -y attributes String to insert as tr attributes -z attributes String to insert as td or th attributes -C attribute Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234' . (repeatable) -H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip' Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable) -A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes are a colon separated username and password. -P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes are a colon separated username and password. -X proxy:port Proxyserver and port number to use -V Print version number and exit -k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature -d Do not show percentiles served table. -S Do not show confidence estimators and warnings. -q Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests -l Accept variable document length (use this for dynamic pages) -g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file . -e filename Output CSV file with percentages served -r Don't exit on socket receive errors. -m method Method name -h Display usage information (this message) -Z ciphersuite Specify SSL /TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers) -f protocol Specify SSL /TLS protocol (TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL) |
下面介绍一个最常用的使用方法:
1 | ab -c 10 -n 100 http: //www .example.com/ |
上面的意思是模仿 10 个用户对网站进行 1000 次请求。
下面是输出:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 | > ab -c 10 -n 100 http: //www .linux.cn/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1706008 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http: //www .zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http: //www .apache.org/ Benchmarking www.linux.cn (be patient)..... done Server Software: nginx Server Hostname: www.linux.cn Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 178 bytes Concurrency Level: 10 Time taken for tests: 0.861 seconds Complete requests: 100 Failed requests: 0 Non-2xx responses: 100 Total transferred: 35800 bytes HTML transferred: 17800 bytes Requests per second: 116.09 #/sec Time per request: 86.142 ms Time per request: 8.614 ms Transfer rate: 40.59 [Kbytes /sec ] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+ /-sd ] median max Connect: 32 41 7.3 37 53 Processing: 33 42 7.4 38 55 Waiting: 33 42 7.4 38 55 Total: 65 83 14.7 75 108 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 75 66% 78 75% 102 80% 103 90% 105 95% 106 98% 107 99% 108 100% 108 (longest request) |
其实最主要看的输出参数是下面这几个:
Server Software 服务器软件
Server Hostname 主机名
Server Port 服务器端口
Time taken for tests 测试时间
Complete requests 完成的请求
Failed requests 失败的请求
Time per request 每次请求的时间
Transfer rate 传输速度
【推荐】编程新体验,更懂你的AI,立即体验豆包MarsCode编程助手
【推荐】凌霞软件回馈社区,博客园 & 1Panel & Halo 联合会员上线
【推荐】抖音旗下AI助手豆包,你的智能百科全书,全免费不限次数
【推荐】轻量又高性能的 SSH 工具 IShell:AI 加持,快人一步
· 深入理解 Mybatis 分库分表执行原理
· 如何打造一个高并发系统?
· .NET Core GC压缩(compact_phase)底层原理浅谈
· 现代计算机视觉入门之:什么是图片特征编码
· .NET 9 new features-C#13新的锁类型和语义
· Sdcb Chats 技术博客:数据库 ID 选型的曲折之路 - 从 Guid 到自增 ID,再到
· 语音处理 开源项目 EchoSharp
· 《HelloGitHub》第 106 期
· Spring AI + Ollama 实现 deepseek-r1 的API服务和调用
· 使用 Dify + LLM 构建精确任务处理应用