python时间 time和datetime总结

一、Time模块

(1)time.time()输出当前时间戳

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
 
import time;  # 引入time模块
 
ticks = time.time()
print "当前时间戳为:", ticks

输出  当前时间戳为: 1459994552.51

(2)获取当前时间,时间元组的形式localtime() 

localtime = time.localtime(time.time())
print "本地时间为 :", localtime

输出结果:
本地时间为 : time.struct_time(tm_year=2016, tm_mon=4, tm_mday=7, tm_hour=10, tm_min=3, tm_sec=27, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=98, tm_isdst=0)

(3)最简单的获取可读的时间形式asctime():

localtime = time.asctime( time.localtime(time.time()) )
print "本地时间为 :", localtime

输出结果:
本地时间为 : Thu Apr  7 10:05:21 2016

(4)格式化日期

time.strftime(format[, t]),如果t未指定默认传入,默认time.localtime()
# 格式化成2016-03-20 11:45:39形式
print time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()) 
#或者直接time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") 
# 格式化成Sat Mar
28 22:24:24 2016形式 print time.strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y", time.localtime()) # 将格式字符串转换为时间戳 a = "Sat Mar 28 22:24:24 2016" print time.mktime(time.strptime(a,"%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y"))

输出结果

2016-04-07 10:25:09
Thu Apr 07 10:25:09 2016
1459175064.0

   

小结:

time模块中时间表现的格式主要有3种: 
1. timestamp 时间戳 
2. tuple或者struct_time 时间元组,共有九个元素组 
3. formattime格式化字符串

        

 

 

 

(5)time.sleep(60) 推迟调用线程的运行,60s

 

二、datetime模块

(1)获取当前时间和日期

import  datetime

print(datetime.datetime.today())
print(datetime.datetime.now())

 2018-08-14 22:24:23.022380
  2018-08-14 22:24:23.022380

(2)获取指定日期

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> dt = datetime(2015, 4, 19, 12, 20) # 用指定日期时间创建datetime
>>> print(dt)
2015-04-19 12:20:00

(3)datetime转换为timestamp

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> dt = datetime(2015, 4, 19, 12, 20) # 用指定日期时间创建datetime
>>> dt.timestamp() # 把datetime转换为timestamp
1429417200.0

(4)timestamp转换为datetime

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> t = 1429417200.0
>>> print(datetime.fromtimestamp(t))
2015-04-19 12:20:00

(5)str转换为datetime

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> cday = datetime.strptime('2015-6-1 18:19:59', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
>>> print(cday)
2015-06-01 18:19:59

(6)datetime转换为str

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> now = datetime.now()
>>> print(now.strftime('%a, %b %d %H:%M'))
Mon, May 05 16:28

(7)datetime加减

加减可以直接用+-运算符,不过需要导入timedelta这个类:

>>> from datetime import datetime, timedelta
>>> now = datetime.now()
>>> now
datetime.datetime(2015, 5, 18, 16, 57, 3, 540997)
>>> now + timedelta(hours=10)
datetime.datetime(2015, 5, 19, 2, 57, 3, 540997)
>>> now - timedelta(days=1)
datetime.datetime(2015, 5, 17, 16, 57, 3, 540997)
>>> now + timedelta(days=2, hours=12)
datetime.datetime(2015, 5, 21, 4, 57, 3, 540997)

参考:

菜鸟教程

廖雪峰网站

https://blog.csdn.net/python3_2017/article/details/78983370

posted @ 2018-08-13 23:59  weiququ  阅读(9813)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报