获取web页面
HttpParams httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParameters, 100000);
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParameters, 50000);
HttpConnectionParams.setLinger(httpParameters, 60);
设置连接时间,过期时间
1:概述
HttpClient是HttpComponents(简称为hc)项目其中的一部份,访问地址:http://hc.apache.org/
HttpClient是一个代码级的Http客户端工具,可以使用它模拟浏览器向Http服务器发送请求。使用HttpClient还需要HttpCore.后者包括Http请求与Http响应的代码封装。
2:HttpGet
- public final static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
- try {
- HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.apache.org/");
- System.out.println("executing request " + httpget.getURI());
- HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
- HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
- System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
- System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
- if (entity != null) {
- System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());
- }
- System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
- InputStream inSm = entity.getContent();
- Scanner inScn = new Scanner(inSm);
- while (inScn.hasNextLine()) {
- System.out.println(inScn.nextLine());
- }
- // Do not feel like reading the response body
- // Call abort on the request object
- httpget.abort();
- } finally {
- // When HttpClient instance is no longer needed,
- // shut down the connection manager to ensure
- // immediate deallocation of all system resources
- httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
- }
- }
httpcore:EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity)
读取response响应内容部分,也可以借助于 httpcore-4.1.2.jar 里面的
- String content = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);
具体:
- /**
- * User: liuwentao
- * Time: 12-1-25 下午1:23
- */
- public class Demo1 {
- /**
- * 用 get 方法访问 www.apache.org 并返回内容
- *
- * @param args
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- //创建默认的 HttpClient 实例
- HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
- try {
- //创建 httpUriRequest 实例
- HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.apache.org/");
- System.out.println("uri=" + httpGet.getURI());
- //执行 get 请求
- HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
- //获取响应实体
- HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
- //打印响应状态
- System.out.println(httpResponse.getStatusLine());
- if (httpEntity != null) {
- //响应内容的长度
- long length = httpEntity.getContentLength();
- //响应内容
- String content = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);
- System.out.println("Response content length:" + length);
- System.out.println("Response content:" + content);
- }
- //有些教程里没有下面这行
- httpGet.abort();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- //关闭连接,释放资源
- httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
- }
- }
- }
执行结果:
httpget.setHeader
1:分析请求包中这六个头信息
2:代码
- /**
- * @param args
- * @throws IOException
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
- try {
- HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.iteye.com");
- httpget.setHeader("Accept", "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8");
- httpget.setHeader("Accept-Language", "zh-cn,zh;q=0.5");
- httpget.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:7.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/7.0.1)");
- httpget.setHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
- httpget.setHeader("Accept-Charset", "GB2312,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7");
- httpget.setHeader("Host", "www.iteye.com");
- httpget.setHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
- HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpget);
- HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
- System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
- System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
- if (entity != null) {
- System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());
- }
- System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
- InputStream inSm = entity.getContent();
- Scanner inScn = new Scanner(inSm);
- while (inScn.hasNextLine()) {
- System.out.println(inScn.nextLine());
- }
- // Do not feel like reading the response body
- // Call abort on the request object
- httpget.abort();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- // When HttpClient instance is no longer needed,
- // shut down the connection manager to ensure
- // immediate deallocation of all system resources
- httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
- }
- }
3:效果
以上乱码是由于
- httpget.setHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
注释掉这行,具体:
- /**
- * User: liuwentao
- * Time: 12-1-25 下午1:23
- */
- public class Demo3 {
- /**
- * 用 get 方法访问 www.baidu.com 并返回内容
- *
- * @param args
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- //创建默认的 HttpClient 实例
- HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
- try {
- //创建 httpUriRequest 实例
- HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.iteye.com");
- httpGet.setHeader("Accept", "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8");
- httpGet.setHeader("Accept-Language", "zh-cn,zh;q=0.5");
- httpGet.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:7.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/7.0.1)");
- // httpGet.setHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
- httpGet.setHeader("Accept-Charset", "GB2312,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7");
- httpGet.setHeader("Host", "www.iteye.com");
- httpGet.setHeader("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
- System.out.println("uri=" + httpGet.getURI());
- //执行 get 请求
- HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
- //获取响应实体
- HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
- //打印响应状态
- System.out.println(httpResponse.getStatusLine());
- if (httpEntity != null) {
- //响应内容的长度
- long length = httpEntity.getContentLength();
- //响应内容
- String content = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);
- System.out.println("Response content length:" + length);
- System.out.println("Response content:" + content);
- }
- //有些教程里没有下面这行
- httpGet.abort();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- //关闭连接,释放资源
- httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
- }
- }
- }
效果:
用post方法访问本地应用根据传递参数不同,返回不同结果
web.xml
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>Test1Servlet</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>demo.servlet.Test1Servlet</servlet-class>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>Test1Servlet</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/test1Servlet</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
Test1Servlet.java
- /**
- * User: liuwentao
- * Time: 11-12-25 下午1:08
- */
- public class Test1Servlet extends HttpServlet {
- @Override
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- //接收地址栏参数
- String param1 = request.getParameter("param1");
- //输出
- response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
- PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
- out.write("你传递来的参数param1=" + param1);
- out.close();
- }
- }
Demo2.java
- /**
- * User: liuwentao
- * Time: 12-1-25 下午1:23
- */
- public class Demo2 {
- /**
- * 用post方法访问本地应用根据传递参数不同,返回不同结果
- *
- * @param args
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- //创建默认的 HttpClient 实例
- HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
- HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:86/test1Servlet");
- List<NameValuePair> formParams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
- formParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("param1", "刘文涛"));
- UrlEncodedFormEntity urlEncodedFormEntity;
- try {
- urlEncodedFormEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formParams, "UTF-8");
- httpPost.setEntity(urlEncodedFormEntity);
- System.out.println("execurting request:" + httpPost.getURI());
- HttpResponse httpResponse = null;
- httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
- HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
- if (httpEntity != null) {
- String content = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
- System.out.println("Response content:" + content);
- }
- } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- //关闭连接,释放资源
- httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
- }
- }
- }
结果: