Day13 Python基础之time/datetime/random模块一（十一）

time模块

import time

print（help（time））

time.time()　 #return current time in seconds since the Epoch as a float 时间戳：以秒的形式返回当前时间，从1970年算起

time.clock()  #return CPU time since process start as a float 只计算CPU执行的时间

time.sleep() 　　 # delay for a number of seconds given as a float

time.gmtime() 　 # convert seconds since Epoch to UTC tuple 结构化时间（UTC英国格林尼治天文台为零时区，北京在东八区，时差为8 个小时）

time.localtime()   #convert seconds since Epoch to local time tuple(本地时间)结构化时间

 

time.strftime() 　# convert time tuple to string according to format specification 格式化时间

 Commonly used format codes:
    
    %Y  Year with century as a decimal number.
    %m  Month as a decimal number [01,12].
    %d  Day of the month as a decimal number [01,31].
    %H  Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number [00,23].
    %M  Minute as a decimal number [00,59].
    %S  Second as a decimal number [00,61].
    %z  Time zone offset from UTC.
    %a  Locale's abbreviated weekday name.
    %A  Locale's full weekday name.
    %b  Locale's abbreviated month name.
    %B  Locale's full month name.
    %c  Locale's appropriate date and time representation.
    %I  Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number [01,12].
    %p  Locale's equivalent of either AM or PM.

实例：
import time
print(time.strftime('%Y--%m--%d %H:%M:%S '))
输出结果：
2018--06--13 11:52:04  <class 'str'>

time.strptime((string, format))  #parse string to time tuple according to format specification字符串时间转化成格式化时间

b=time.strptime('2018--06--13 12:02:03','%Y--%m--%d %H:%M:%S')
print(b)
print(b.tm_year)
print(b.tm_min)
输出结果：
time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=6, tm_mday=13, tm_hour=12, tm_min=2, tm_sec=3, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=164, tm_isdst=-1)
2018
2

 

time.ctime(second)   #Convert a time in seconds since the Epoch to a string in local time.把秒的时间转换成格式化本地时间

print(time.ctime(123456))
输出结果：
Fri Jan  2 18:17:36 1970

time.mktime()      #Convert a time tuple in local time to seconds since the Epoch.　　#把本地时间转换成秒

print(time.mktime(time.localtime()))
输出结果：
1528863479.0

 datetime模块

import datetime

1 import  datetime
2 print(datetime.datetime.now())
3 输出结果：
4 2018-06-13 12:21:02.344843

 random模块

import random

random.random(）　　#x in the interval [0, 1).

 

random.randint(1,8)　　#int x in inteval[1,8]

random.randrange(1,8)　　#int x in inteval[1,8)

 

random.choice(sequence) 　　#Choose a random element from a non-empty sequence.

random.sample(sequence,count) #Choose count  random elements  from a non-empty sequence.

# 验证码函数
import  random
def v_code():
    code=''
    for i in range(5):
        add_num=random.randrange(0,9)
        add_al=chr(random.randrange(65,91))
        # if random.randint(1,2)==1:
        #     code+=str(add_num)
        # else:
        #     code+=add_al
        code+=random.choice([str(add_num),add_al])
    print(code)

v_code()

 注：可以通过chr把数字转换成相应的字母