iOS推送，看这篇足够了

关于远程推送的相关配置网上已经有足够多的教程，这里就不复述了。这里讲述当客户端收到推送消息后，该怎样对其进行相应的逻辑处理。

工程的AppDelegate.m文件里提供了如下方法：

//当应用程序启动后，可能需要进行其他逻辑处理时调用的方法
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions;

//成功注册registerUserNotificationSettings:后，回调的方法
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterUserNotificationSettings:(UIUserNotificationSettings *)notificationSettings;
 
/// 注册失败调用
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error;

/// 用户同意接收通知后，会调用此程序
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken;

//收到推送后调用的方法（iOS 10 及以上）
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void (^)())completionHandler;
 
//收到推送后调用的方法（iOS 10 以下）
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler;
 
//应用挂起前调用的方法（当有电话进来或者锁屏，应用会挂起）
- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(UIApplication *)application;
 
//当程序复原或启动时调用的方法
- (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication *)application;

//应用将要进入后台调用的方法
- (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication *)application;

//应用进入后台调用的方法
-(void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application;
 
//应用将要退出
- (void)applicationWillTerminate:(UIApplication *)application;

 

首先为应用程序注册通知：

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    NSDictionary *remoteNotification = [launchOptions objectForKey:@"UIApplicationLaunchOptionsRemoteNotificationKey"];
    if (remoteNotification != nil) {
        self.isLaunchedByNotification = YES;
    }else{
        self.isLaunchedByNotification = NO;
    }
    self.window=[[UIWindow alloc]initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen]bounds]];
    if ([[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion floatValue] >= 10.0) {
        UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
        center.delegate = self;
        [center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:(UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert) completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
            if (!error) {
                NSLog(@"succeeded!");
            }
        }];
    } else if ([[UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion floatValue] >= 8.0){//iOS8-iOS9
        UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:(UIUserNotificationTypeBadge | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeSound) categories:nil];
        [application registerUserNotificationSettings:settings];
        [application registerForRemoteNotifications];
    } else {//iOS8以下
        [application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes: UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound];
    }
    return YES;
}

 

用户同意后，会调用此程序，获取系统的deviceToken，应把deviceToken传给服务器保存，此函数会在程序每次启动时调用(前提是用户允许通知)：

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken {
    NSLog(@"deviceToken = %@",deviceToken);
    NSString *token=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",deviceToken];
    token=[token stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"<" withString:@""];
    token=[token stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@">" withString:@""];
    token=[token stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];
    //TODO
    //保存到本地并上传到服务器
}

 

收到推送消息后，进行相应的逻辑处理：

//iOS 10 及以上
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void (^)())completionHandler {
    completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData);
    NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo;
    //程序关闭状态点击推送消息打开
    if (self.isLaunchedByNotification) {
        //TODO
    }
    else{
        //前台运行
        if ([UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {
            //TODO
        }
        //后台挂起时
        else{
            //TODO
        }
        //收到推送消息手机震动，播放音效
        AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(kSystemSoundID_Vibrate);
        AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(1007);
    }
    //设置应用程序角标数为0
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber = 9999;
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber = 0;
}
//iOS 10 以下
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler {
    completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData);    
    //程序关闭状态点击推送消息打开
    if (self.isLaunchedByNotification) {
        //TODO
    }
    else{
        //前台运行
        if ([UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {
            //TODO
        }
        //后台挂起时
        else{
            //TODO
        }
        //收到推送消息手机震动，播放音效
        AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(kSystemSoundID_Vibrate);
        AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(1007);
    }
    //设置应用程序角标数为0
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber = 9999;
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber = 0;
}


应用进入后台时，设置角标数（应用图标右上角小红点，未读消息数）：




-(void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application{
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setApplicationIconBadgeNumber:123];
}




 


实际应用：


一、注册推送：




- (void)registerNotification
{
    if ([[[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] floatValue] >= 10.0)
    {
        if (@available(iOS 10.0, *)) {
            UNUserNotificationCenter * center =[UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];
            center.delegate=self;
            UNAuthorizationOptions options = UNAuthorizationOptionAlert|UNAuthorizationOptionSound|UNAuthorizationOptionBadge|UNAuthorizationOptionCarPlay;
            [center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:options completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
                if (granted) {
                }else{
                    NSLog(@"授权失败");
                }
            }];
        } else {
            // Fallback on earlier versions
        }
    }
    else if ([[[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] floatValue]>=8.0)
    {
        UIUserNotificationSettings *sets= [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:(UIUserNotificationTypeBadge|UIUserNotificationTypeAlert|UIUserNotificationTypeSound) categories:nil];
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:sets];
    }
    else
    {
        UIRemoteNotificationType type = UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert|UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge|UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound;
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:type];
    }
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];
}




 


假如用户第一次安装拒绝推送需要提醒的，按以下方法：（例子：iOS10 ）




  UNUserNotificationCenter *userNotificationCenter = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];  

  userNotificationCenter.delegate = self;  

//获取通知设置信息  

 [userNotificationCenter getNotificationSettingsWithCompletionHandler:^(UNNotificationSettings * _Nonnull settings) {  
//用户还未做出选择  

　　if (settings.authorizationStatus == UNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {  

　　　　　//弹出授权框  
    　　 [userNotificationCenter requestAuthorizationWithOptions:UNAuthorizationOptionAlert + UNAuthorizationOptionBadge + UNAuthorizationOptionSound completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {  
　　　　　　　if (granted) {  

                    }else{  
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　//首次授权为未授权状态，之后为已授权状态  
                        DLog(@"没有开启通知");  
                    }  
                }];  
      }
　　else if (settings.authorizationStatus == UNAuthorizationStatusDenied){  
　　　　//用户不同意授权时，弹出提示（最好只弹一次）  
　　　　UIAlertController *noticeNotificationAlertController = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"友情提示" message:@"建议您开启通知功能，以便及时获取相关信息" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];  
       [noticeNotificationAlertController addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"忽略" style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {  
                }]];  
       [noticeNotificationAlertController addAction:[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"去开启" style:UIAlertActionStyleDestructive handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action){  
　　　　NSURL *appSettingsUrl = [NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString];  
　　　　if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] canOpenURL:appSettingsUrl]) {  
                     [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:appSettingsUrl];  
                    }  
           }]];  
              [self.window.rootViewController presentViewController:noticeNotificationAlertController animated:YES completion:NULL];  
      }else{  
　　　　　　　//已授权  
        DLog(@"已授权通知");  
      }  
}];  




二、本地推送：


iOS10之后：




//使用 UNNotification 本地通知  

+(void)registerNotification:(NSInteger )alerTime{  

// 使用 UNUserNotificationCenter 来管理通知  

    UNUserNotificationCenter* center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];  

//需创建一个包含待通知内容的 UNMutableNotificationContent 对象，注意不是 UNNotificationContent ,此对象为不可变对象。  

    UNMutableNotificationContent* content = [[UNMutableNotificationContent alloc] init];  

    content.title = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@"Hello!" arguments:nil];  

    content.body = [NSString localizedUserNotificationStringForKey:@"Hello_message_body"  arguments:nil];  

    content.sound = [UNNotificationSound defaultSound];  

// 在 alertTime 后推送本地推送  

    UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger* trigger = [UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger triggerWithTimeInterval:alerTime repeats:NO];  

    UNNotificationRequest* request = [UNNotificationRequest requestWithIdentifier:@"FiveSecond"  content:content trigger:trigger];  

//添加推送成功后的处理！  

    [center addNotificationRequest:request withCompletionHandler:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {  

　　　　　UIAlertController *alert = [UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@"本地通知" message:@"成功添加推送" preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleAlert];  

　　　　　UIAlertAction *cancelAction = [UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"取消" style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel handler:nil];  

        [alert addAction:cancelAction];  

        [[UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow.rootViewController presentViewController:alert animated:YES completion:nil];  
    }];  
}  




 


iOS10以前：




+ (void)registerLocalNotificationInOldWay:(NSInteger)alertTime {  

　　UILocalNotification *notification = [[UILocalNotification alloc] init];  

　　// 设置触发通知的时间  

　　NSDate *fireDate = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:alertTime];  

    NSLog(@"fireDate=%@",fireDate);  

    notification.fireDate = fireDate;  

　　// 时区  

    notification.timeZone = [NSTimeZone defaultTimeZone];  

　　// 设置重复的间隔  

    notification.repeatInterval = kCFCalendarUnitSecond;  

　　// 通知内容  

    notification.alertBody =  @"该起床了...";  

    notification.applicationIconBadgeNumber = 1;  

　　// 通知被触发时播放的声音  

    notification.soundName = UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName;  

　　// 通知参数  

　　NSDictionary *userDict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"开始学习iOS开发了" forKey:@"key"];  

    notification.userInfo = userDict;  

　　// 通知重复提示的单位，可以是天、周、月  

     notification.repeatInterval = NSDayCalendarUnit;  

　　// 将本地通知添加到调度池，定时发送

    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] scheduleLocalNotification:notification];  

　　 // 立即发送

    // [[UIApplication sharedApplication] presentLocalNotificationNow:localNotification];

}  




 


本地通知相关代理方法：


// 当App在前台状态下，如果有通知会调用该方法 


// 当应用程序在后台状态下，点击推送通知，程序从后台进入前台后，会调用该方法（从锁屏界面点击推送通知从后台进入前台也会执行）


 // 当应用程序完全退出时不调用该方法 




- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(nonnull UILocalNotification *)notification{

　　NSLog(@"%@", notification);

　　// 处理点击通知后对应的业务

　　UIApplicationState applicationState = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] applicationState];

　　 if (applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {

　　// 前台

　　// 例如QQ会增加tabBar上的badgeValue未读数量

　　}

　　else if (applicationState == UIApplicationStateInactive) {

　　// 从前台进入后台

　　// 例如QQ会打开对应的聊天窗口

　　　　NSInteger applicationIconBadgeNumber = application.applicationIconBadgeNumber - 1;

　　　　application.applicationIconBadgeNumber = applicationIconBadgeNumber >= 0 ? applicationIconBadgeNumber : 0;

　　}

　　 [application cancelLocalNotification:notification];

}




 


// 监听附加操作按钮 




- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application handleActionWithIdentifier:(nullable NSString *)identifier forLocalNotification:(nonnull UILocalNotification *)notification completionHandler:(nonnull void (^)())completionHandler {

　　NSLog(@"identifier:%@", identifier); completionHandler();

}




 


// 该方法在iOS9.0后调用，iOS9.0之前调用上面那个方法 




- (void)application:(UIApplication *)app handleActionWithIdentifier:(nullable NSString *)identifier forLocalNotification:(nonnull UILocalNotification *)notification withResponseInfo:(nonnull NSDictionary *)responseInfo completionHandler:(nonnull void (^)())completionHandler {

　　// ====identifier:no, content:{UIUserNotificationActionResponseTypedTextKey = "not agree";}

　　NSLog(@"====identifier:%@, content:%@", identifier, responseInfo);

　　completionHandler();

}




 


三、远程通知：


1、什么是远程推送


在联网的情况下，由远程服务器推送给客户端的通知，又称APNs(Apple Push Notification Services)不管应用是打开还是关闭的情况下，都能接收到服务器推送的远程通知在联网状态下，所有苹果设备都会与苹果服务器建立长连接


2、远程推送的实现原理:




      1.打开App时: 发送UDID和BundleID给APNs加密后返回deviceToken


      2.获取Token后，App调用接口,将用户身份信息和deviceToken发给服务器，服务器记录


      3.当推送消息时, 服务器按照用户身份信息找到存储的deviceToken，将消息和deviToken发送给APNs


      4.苹果的APNs通过deviceToken, 找到指定设备的指定程序, 并将消息推送给用户




3、实现远程推送功能的前提




      1.真机


      2.调试阶段的证书


         iOS_development.cer 用于真机调试的证书


         aps_development.cer 用于真机推送调试能的证书


         xxx.mobileprovision 描述文件，记录了能够调试的手机、电脑和程序


      3.发布阶段的证书


          iOS_distribution.cer 用于发布app的证书


          aps.cer 用于发布时,让app有推送功能的证书


          xxx.mobileprovision 描述文件，记录了能够发布app的电脑







如何配置证书, 不在本教程内, 请读者自行处理, 或者参考视频教程


 


一、 注册远程推送并获取DeviceToken


1.创建iOS的项目，并输入项目名字


2.在AppDelegate中导入头文件:




#import <UserNotifications/UserNotifications.h>







3.在application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions方法中, 注册远程通知




- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions

 {

 //请求通知权限, 本地和远程共用

 UNUserNotificationCenter *center = [UNUserNotificationCenter currentNotificationCenter];

 [center requestAuthorizationWithOptions:UNAuthorizationOptionBadge | UNAuthorizationOptionSound | UNAuthorizationOptionAlert completionHandler:^(BOOLgranted, NSError * _Nullable error) {

  if(granted) {

   NSLog(@"请求成功");

    } else{

    NSLog(@"请求失败");

    }

   }];

 //注册远程通知

 [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotifications];

 //设置通知的代理

 center.delegate = self;

 returnYES;

 } 




 


4.在接收远程推送的DeviceToken方法中, 获取Token




- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken

{

//将来需要将此Token上传给后台服务器

NSLog(@"token:%@", deviceToken);

}




 


二、 iOS10之前通知的处理方法




- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)notification

{

　　//此方法已被下面的方法代替

}

-(void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler

{

　　　//iOS10之前，接收远程通知时，不管在前台、后台还是程序杀死都会调用此方法

 　　if (application.applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {

　　//　前台收到通知处理

　　}else{

　　//后台或退出时点击通知处理

　　}

　　    completionHandler();

}




 


三、 iOS10远程推送通知的处理方法


 当点击了推送后, 如果你希望进行处理. 那么在iOS10中, 还需要设置UNUserNotificationCenter的delegate, 并遵守UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate协议.


以及实现下面实现3个方法, 用于处理点击通知时的不同情况的处理




       willPresentNotification:withCompletionHandler 用于前台运行


didReceiveNotificationResponse:withCompletionHandler 用于后台及程序退出


didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler用于静默推送


//设置通知的代理


center.delegate = self;




1.前台运行 会调用的方法


前台运行: 指的是程序正在运行中, 用户能看见程序的界面.


iOS10会出现通知横幅, 而在以前的框架中, 前台运行时, 不会出现通知的横幅.




- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler { NSDictionary *userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo; //前台运行推送 显示红色Label  [self showLabelWithUserInfo:userInfo color:[UIColor redColor]]; //可以设置当收到通知后, 有哪些效果呈现(声音/提醒/数字角标) completionHandler(UNNotificationPresentationOptionBadge | UNNotificationPresentationOptionSound | UNNotificationPresentationOptionAlert); }




 


2.后台运行及程序退出 会调用的方法


后台运行: 指的是程序已经打开, 用户看不见程序的界面, 如锁屏和按Home键.


程序退出: 指的是程序没有运行, 或者通过双击Home键,关闭了程序.














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- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response withCompletionHandler:(void(^)())completionHandler


 {


  NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo; 


 


  //后台及退出推送 显示绿色Label


  [self showLabelWithUserInfo:userInfo color:[UIColor greenColor]]; 


 


  completionHandler();


 }
















 


3.静默推送通知 会调用的方法


静默推送: iOS7以后出现, 不会出现提醒及声音.


要求:


推送的payload中不能包含alert及sound字段


需要添加content-available字段, 并设置值为1


例如: {"aps":{"content-available":"1"},"PageKey”":"2"}














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//如果是以前的旧框架, 此方法 前台/后台/退出/静默推送都可以处理


- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler


{


  //静默推送 显示蓝色Label


 [self showLabelWithUserInfo:userInfo color:[UIColor blueColor]]; 


 


 completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData);


 }
















 


4.处理通知的公用方法


开发中, 点击通知的逻辑应当看自己程序的需求.


这里为了方便演示, 简单的将通知的值, 通过UILabel显示在主界面上.














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- (void)showLabelWithUserInfo:(NSDictionary *)userInfo color:(UIColor *)color


{ 


 UILabel *label = [UILabel new];


 label.backgroundColor = color; 


 label.frame = CGRectMake(0, 250, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width, 300);


 label.text = userInfo.description;


 label.numberOfLines = 0;


 [[UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow addSubview:label];


}
















 


iOS10本地通知：http://www.jianshu.com/p/5713fa2bfece 


对iOS的Push Notification的响应理解：https://www.jianshu.com/p/14bcec29f5c8







            

            
posted @ 
2017-11-14 16:53 
Sky109 
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