监控案例二----监控nginx

前言

　　首先介绍一下目前监控案例都是基于zabbix4.0版本进行讲解，但是也会对zabbix4.0与新出的zabbix5.0直接实现的差异进行讲解说明，方便升级至zabbix5.0后对有些功能直接使用。

　　参考链接：nginx配置参考

一、首先我们先来讲解一下zabbix5.0版本对nginx是如何实现监控的。

　　zabbix5.0提供了对nginx的监控模板，该模板无需任何外部脚本即可工作。借助zabbix批量数据收集功能，大多数指标可以一次性收集。

　　通过使用zabbix agent在本地轮询ngx_http_stub_status_module来收集指标：

Active connections: 291
server accepts handled requests
16630948 16630948 31070465
Reading: 6 Writing: 179 Waiting: 106

　　请注意，该模板不支持https和重定向

　　他还使用zabbix agent收集nginx linux进程统计信息，例如CPU使用率，内存使用率以及进程是否在运行。

　　配置nginx status模块，配置示例如下：如果您使用其他位置，请不要忘记更改{$ NGINX.STUB_STATUS.PATH}宏。

location = /basic_status {
    stub_status;
    allow 127.0.0.1;
    allow ::1;
    deny all;
}

　　items 集

Group	Name	Description	Key and additional info
Nginx	Nginx：Service status	用于测试127.0.0.1本机的http服务是否可用	net.tcp.service[http,127.0.0.1,80]
Nginx	Nginx：Service response time	用于测试http服务的初始响应速度，秒为单位	net.tcp.service.perf[http,127.0.0.1,80]
Nginx	Nginx: Number of processes running	正在运行的Nginx进程数	proc.num[nginx]
Nginx	Nginx: Memory usage (vsize)	进程使用的虚拟内存大小（以字节为单位）	proc.mem[nginx,,,,vsize]
Nginx	Nginx: Memory usage (rss)	进程使用的驻留集大小内存（以字节为单位）	proc.mem[nginx,,,,rss]
Nginx	Nginx: Memory usage (pmem)	进程内存利用率百分比	proc.mem[nginx,,,,pmem]
Nginx	Nginx: CPU utilization	进程CPU利用率百分比	proc.cpu.util[nginx]
Zabbix_raw_items	Nginx: Get stub status page	The following status information is provided: Active connections - the current number of active client connections including Waiting connections. Accepts - the total number of accepted client connections. Handled - the total number of handled connections. Generally, the parameter value is the same as accepts unless some resource limits have been reached (for example, the worker_connections limit). Requests - the total number of client requests. Reading - the current number of connections where nginx is reading the request header. Writing - the current number of connections where nginx is writing the response back to the client. Waiting - the current number of idle client connections waiting for a request.	web.page.get[http://127.0.0.1/status]
Nginx	Nginx: Requests total	The total number of client requests.	nginx.requests.total Preprocessing: - REGEX: server accepts handled requests\s+([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) \3
Nginx	Nginx: Requests per second	The total number of client requests.	nginx.requests.total.rate Preprocessing: - REGEX: server accepts handled requests\s+([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) \3 - CHANGE_PER_SECOND
Nginx	Nginx: Connections accepted per second	The total number of accepted client connections.	nginx.connections.accepted.rate Preprocessing: - REGEX: server accepts handled requests\s+([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) \1 - CHANGE_PER_SECOND
Nginx	Nginx: Connections dropped per second	The total number of dropped client connections.	nginx.connections.dropped.rate Preprocessing: - JAVASCRIPT: var a = value.match(/server accepts handled requests\s+([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+)/) if (a) { return a[1]-a[2] } - CHANGE_PER_SECOND
Nginx	Nginx: Connections handled per second	The total number of handled connections. Generally, the parameter value is the same as accepts unless some resource limits have been reached (for example, the worker_connections limit).	nginx.connections.handled.rate Preprocessing: - REGEX: server accepts handled requests\s+([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) ([0-9]+) \2 - CHANGE_PER_SECOND
Nginx	Nginx: Connections active	The current number of active client connections including Waiting connections.	nginx.connections.active Preprocessing: - REGEX: Active connections: ([0-9]+) \1
Nginx	Nginx: Connections reading	The current number of connections where nginx is reading the request header.	nginx.connections.reading Preprocessing: - REGEX: Reading: ([0-9]+) Writing: ([0-9]+) Waiting: ([0-9]+) \1
Nginx	Nginx: Connections waiting	The current number of idle client connections waiting for a request.	nginx.connections.waiting Preprocessing: - REGEX: Reading: ([0-9]+) Writing: ([0-9]+) Waiting: ([0-9]+) \3
Nginx	Nginx: Connections writing	The current number of connections where nginx is writing the response back to the client.	nginx.connections.writing Preprocessing: - REGEX: Reading: ([0-9]+) Writing: ([0-9]+) Waiting: ([0-9]+) \2
Nginx	Nginx: Version		nginx.version Preprocessing: - REGEX: Server: nginx\/(.+(?<!\r)) \1 - DISCARD_UNCHANGED_HEARTBEAT: 1d

 

触发器配置：

nginx监控脚本经供参考：

shell# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/monitor.conf #/etc/nginx是配置目录
server {
        listen 127.0.0.1:80;
        server_name 127.0.0.1;
        location /nginxstatus {
        stub_status on;
        access_log off;
        allow 127.0.0.1;            #这里是允许的IP地址
        deny all;
        }
}
shell# nginx -t  #如果输出错误，请检查配置文件
nginx: the configuration file etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file/etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
shell# nginx -s reload  #测试配置是否正确


========================================================


Nginx监控脚本如下：

shell# vim /etc/zabbix/scripts/nginx_status
#!/bin/bash

# function:monitor nginx  from zabbix
# License: GPL
# mail: itnihao@qq.com
# version 1.0 date:2012-12-09
# version 1.0 date:2013-01-15
# version 1.1 date:2014-09-05

source /etc/bashrc >/dev/null 2>&1
source /etc/profile  >/dev/null 2>&1
nginxstatus=http://127.0.0.1/nginxstatus

# Functions to return nginx stats
function checkavailable {
    code=$(curl -o /dev/null -s -w %{http_code} ${nginxstatus})
    if [ "${code}" == "200" ];then
        return 1
    else
        echo  0
    fi
}
function active {
    checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | grep 'Active' | awk '{print $3}'
}
function reading {
    checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | grep 'Reading' | awk '{print $2}'
}
function writing {
    checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | grep 'Writing' | awk '{print $4}'
}
function waiting {
    checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | grep 'Waiting' | awk '{print $6}'
}
function accepts {
    checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | awk NR==3 | awk '{print $1}'
}
function handled {
    checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | awk NR==3 | awk '{print $2}'
}
function requests {
    checkavailable|| curl -s "${nginxstatus}" | awk NR==3 | awk '{print $3}'
}

case "$1" in
    active)
        active
        ;;
    reading)
        reading
        ;;
    writing)
        writing
        ;;
    waiting)
        waiting
        ;;
    accepts)
        accepts
       ;;
    handled)
        handled
        ;;
    requests)
        requests
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: $0 {active |reading |writing |waiting |accepts |handled |requests }"
esac