蓝桥杯之单片机学习（二十五）——温度记录器（附题目和完整代码）

文章目录

一、题目要求

在这里插入图片描述

二、代码操作

2.1 main.c

#include <STC15F2K60S2.h>
#include <intrins.h>
#include "ds1302.h"

sbit  DQ=P1^4;

#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int

uchar code SMG_duanma[19] = 
	{0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,
	 0x88,0x80,0xc6,0xc0,0x86,0x8e,
	 0xbf,0x7f,0XFF};//分别是0-9（对应下标），A-F，“-”，“.”，“灭”

//分别是“0.-9.”
uchar code SMG_Dot_AC[10] = 
	 {0X40,0X79,0X24,0X30,0X19,0X12,0X02,0X78,0X00,0X10};

uchar Write_DS1302_adrr[7] = {0X80, 0X82, 0X84, 0X86, 0X88, 0X8A, 0X8C};
uchar Read_DS1302_adrr[7] = {0X81, 0X83, 0X85, 0X87, 0X89, 0X8B, 0X8D};
	 
uchar shijian[7] = {0X50, 0X59, 0X23, 0X18, 0X04, 0X06, 0X20};
//秒、分、时、日、月、周、年

//是否让提示符1、2闪烁
uchar Flashing = -1;

//是否到10个温度数据
bit Save_Temp_FULL = -1;


//L1灯检查
uchar L1_Check = 1;

//中断检查是否可以读取温度
bit Check_T_s = 0;

//温度数组计数
uchar count = 0;

//存储温度数组
uchar Save_Temp[10] = {0};

//定时器5ms计数
uchar T_5ms = 0;

//采集间隔时间位置
uchar T_Interval_i = 0;

//采集间隔时间数组
uchar T_Interval_s[4]= {1, 5, 30, 60};

//数码管初始化
uchar yi=18;
uchar er=18;
uchar san=18;
uchar si=18;
uchar wu=18;
uchar liu=18;
uchar qi=18;
uchar ba=18;

//系统初始化
void Initsys();
//配置HC138
void SelectHC138(uchar channel);
//在pos位码上，显示value段码
void DisplaySMG_Bit(uchar pos, uchar value);
//数码管8位码显示
void SMG_Display();
//数码管的延时
void Delay_one_ms_SMG();
//按键消抖延时
void Delay_five_ms_Key();

void Init_DS1302();
void Read_DS1302();
//***************************
//获取温度
uchar temget();
//延时500微秒
void Delay500us();
//延时100微秒
void Delay100us();
//温度初始化
void dsinit();
void write(uchar dat);
uchar read();
void Delays(uint b);		
//***************************
void Timer0Init(void);		//5毫秒@11.0592MHz
//参数设置界面下，独立按键扫描
uchar Setting_Alone_Key();
//参数设置界面
void Setting_Display_Mode();
//时钟显示界面
void Chock_Display_Mode();
//温度采集显示界面
void GetTemp_Display_Mode();
//温度采集_按键扫描
uchar GetTemp_Alone_Key();
	
void main()
{
	Init_DS1302();
	Initsys();
	Timer0Init();
	while(1)
	{
		yi = 18;
		er = 18;
		san = 18;
		EA = 0;
		Setting_Display_Mode();
		Chock_Display_Mode();
		GetTemp_Display_Mode();
	}
}

//温度采集显示界面
void GetTemp_Display_Mode()
{
	uchar temp = 0;
	while(1)
	{
		uchar i;
		yi = 16;er = 0;
		san = 0;si = 18;
		wu = 18; liu = 16;
		qi = Save_Temp[0] / 10;
		ba = Save_Temp[0] % 10;
		SMG_Display();
		temp = GetTemp_Alone_Key();
		if(temp == 1)
		{
			L1_Check = -1;
			Flashing = -1;
			SelectHC138(4);
			P0 = 0XFF;
			for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)
			{
				san = i;
				qi = Save_Temp[i] / 10;
				ba = Save_Temp[i] % 10;
				SMG_Display();
				Delays(200);
			}
			temp = GetTemp_Alone_Key();
			while(1)
			{
				SMG_Display();
				temp = GetTemp_Alone_Key();
				if(temp == 2)
				{
					break;
				}
			}
			if(temp == 2)
			{
				break;
			}
		}
	}
}

void Delays(uint b)		
{
	while(b--)
	{
		SMG_Display();
	}
}
//温度采集_按键扫描
uchar GetTemp_Alone_Key()
{
	if(P31 == 0)
	{
		Delay_five_ms_Key();
		if(P31 == 0)
		{
			return 1; 
		}
		while(!P31)
		{
			SMG_Display();
		}
	}
	//S7按键
	else if(P30 == 0)
	{
		Delay_five_ms_Key();
		if(P30 == 0)
		{
			return 2;
		}
		while(!P30);
	}
	return 3;
}

//时钟显示界面
void Chock_Display_Mode()
{
	EA = 1;
	Flashing = 0;
	Init_DS1302();
	while(1)
	{
		if(Check_T_s == 1)
		{
			Save_Temp[count] = temget();
 			count++;
			Check_T_s = 0;
			if(count == 10)
			{
				count = 0;
				Save_Temp_FULL = 1;
				break;
			}
		}
		Read_DS1302();
		yi = shijian[2] / 16; er = shijian[2] % 16;
		si = shijian[1] / 16; wu = shijian[1] % 16;
		qi = shijian[0] / 16; ba = shijian[0] % 16;
		SMG_Display();
	}
}


//参数设置界面
void Setting_Display_Mode()
{
	
	uchar check = -2;
	Save_Temp_FULL = 0;
	T_Interval_i = 0;
	while(1)
	{
		liu = 16;
		check = Setting_Alone_Key();
		qi = T_Interval_s[T_Interval_i] / 10;
		ba = T_Interval_s[T_Interval_i] % 10;
		if(check == 0)
		{
			break;
		}
		SMG_Display();
	}
	liu = 18;
}

//参数设置界面下，独立按键扫描
uchar Setting_Alone_Key()
{
	uchar i = -1;
	//S5按键
	if(P32 == 0)
	{
		Delay_five_ms_Key();
		if(P32 == 0)
		{
			while(1)
			{
				return 0;
			}
		}
		while(!P32)
		{
			SMG_Display();
		}
	}
	//S4按键
	else if(P33 == 0)
	{
		Delay_five_ms_Key();
		if(P33 == 0)
		{
			T_Interval_i++;
			if(T_Interval_i == 4)
			{
				T_Interval_i = 0;
			}
			i = 1;
		}
		while(!P33)
		{
			SMG_Display();
		}
	}
	return i;
}

//按键消抖延时
void Delay_five_ms_Key()
{
	uint i,j;
	for(i = 0; i < 5; i++)
		for(j = 845; j > 0; j--);
}

//配置HC138
void SelectHC138(uchar channel)
{
	switch(channel)
	{
		case 4:    //LED
			P2 = (P2 & 0X1F) | 0X80;
		break;
		case 5:    //蜂鸣器和继电器
			P2 = (P2 & 0X1F) | 0Xa0;
		break;
		case 6:    //位码
			P2 = (P2 & 0X1F) | 0Xc0;
		break;
		case 7:    //段码
			P2 = (P2 & 0X1F) | 0Xe0;
		break;
		case 0:    //锁住所有寄存器
			P2 = (P2 & 0X1F) | 0X00;
		break;
	}
}

//系统初始化
void Initsys()
{
	SelectHC138(5);
	P0 = 0X00;//关闭蜂鸣器和继电器
	SelectHC138(4);
	P0 = 0XFF;//关闭LED
	
	SelectHC138(6);
	P0 = 0XFF; //选择所有数码管
	SelectHC138(7);
	P0 = 0XFF; //关闭所有数码管
}

//在pos位码上，显示value段码
void DisplaySMG_Bit(uchar pos, uchar value)
{
	SelectHC138(6);
	P0 = 0X01 << pos;
	SelectHC138(7);
	P0 = value;
}

//数码管8位码显示
void SMG_Display()
{
	DisplaySMG_Bit(0, SMG_duanma[yi]);
	Delay_one_ms_SMG();
	DisplaySMG_Bit(1, SMG_duanma[er]);
	Delay_one_ms_SMG();
	DisplaySMG_Bit(2, SMG_duanma[san]);
	Delay_one_ms_SMG();
	DisplaySMG_Bit(3, SMG_duanma[si]);
	Delay_one_ms_SMG();
	
	DisplaySMG_Bit(4, SMG_duanma[wu]);
	Delay_one_ms_SMG();
	DisplaySMG_Bit(5, SMG_duanma[liu]);
	Delay_one_ms_SMG();
	DisplaySMG_Bit(6, SMG_duanma[qi]);
	Delay_one_ms_SMG();
	DisplaySMG_Bit(7, SMG_duanma[ba]);
	Delay_one_ms_SMG();
}

//数码管的延时
void Delay_one_ms_SMG()
{
	uint j;
	for(j = 845; j > 0; j--);
}


//*****************中断*********************
void Timer0Init(void)		//5毫秒@11.0592MHz
{
	AUXR |= 0x80;		//定时器时钟1T模式
	TMOD &= 0xF0;		//设置定时器模式
	TL0 = 0x00;		//设置定时初值
	TH0 = 0x28;		//设置定时初值
	TF0 = 0;		//清除TF0标志
	TR0 = 1;		//定时器0开始计时
	
	ET0 = 1;
	EA = 1;
}

void ServiceTimer0() interrupt 1 using 1
{
	static uchar T_s = 0;
	T_5ms++;
	if(T_5ms == 200)
	{
		if((T_s == T_Interval_s[T_Interval_i]) && (Save_Temp_FULL == 0))
		{
			Check_T_s = 1;
			T_s = 0;
		}
		if(Flashing == 0)
		{
			Flashing = 1;
			san = 18;
			liu = 18;
			if(Save_Temp_FULL == 1 && L1_Check == 1)
			{
				P0 = 0XFF;
				SelectHC138(4);
				P00 = 0; 
			}
		}
		else if(Flashing == 1)
		{
			Flashing = 0;
			san = 16;
			liu = 16;
			if(Save_Temp_FULL == 1 && L1_Check == 1)
			{
				P0 = 0XFF;
				SelectHC138(4);
				P00 = 1; 
			}
		}
		T_5ms = 0;
		T_s++;
	}
}


//******************DS1302******************
//时间初始化
void Init_DS1302()
{
	uchar i;
	Write_Ds1302(0X81, 0X00);
	for(i = 0; i < 7; i++)
	{
		Write_Ds1302(Write_DS1302_adrr[i], shijian[i]);
	}
}

//读出时间
void Read_DS1302()
{
	uchar i;
	for(i = 0; i < 7; i++)
	{
		shijian[i] = Read_Ds1302(Read_DS1302_adrr[i]);
	}
}
//********************温度******************
uchar temget()
{
	unsigned char di8,gao8,temp;
	dsinit();
	write(0xcc);
	write(0x44);
	Delay500us();
	Delay500us();
	dsinit();
	write(0xcc);
	write(0xbe);
	
	di8=read();
	gao8=read();
	
	temp=gao8<<4; 
	temp=temp|(di8>>4);
	return temp;
}
uchar read()
{
	uchar i;
	uchar dat;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		DQ=0;
		_nop_(); //1
		dat>>=1;
		DQ=1;
		
		if(DQ==1)
		{
			dat|=0x80;		
		}
		Delay100us();
	}
	  return dat;
	
}
void write(uchar dat)
{
	uchar i;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{DQ=0;
		DQ=dat&0x01;
		Delay100us();
		DQ=1;
		dat>>=1;
}}

void dsinit()
{
	DQ=0;
	Delay500us();	
	DQ=1;
	Delay500us();	
}

void Delay100us()
{
	unsigned char i, j;

	_nop_();
	_nop_();
	i = 2;
	j = 15;
	do
	{
		while (--j);
	} while (--i);
}

void Delay500us()
{
	unsigned char i,j;
	_nop_();
	_nop_();
	i=6;
	j=93;
	do
	{
		while(j--);
	}while(i--);
}

2.2 ds1302.c



#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>

sbit SCK=P1^7;		
sbit SDA=P2^3;		
sbit RST = P1^3;   // DS1302复位												

void Write_Ds1302_Byte(unsigned  char temp) 
{
	unsigned char i;
	for (i=0;i<8;i++)     	
	{ 
		SCK=0;
		SDA=temp&0x01;
		temp>>=1; 
		SCK=1;
	}
}   

void Write_Ds1302( unsigned char address,unsigned char dat )     
{
 	RST=0;
	_nop_();
 	SCK=0;
	_nop_();
 	RST=1;	
  _nop_();  
 	Write_Ds1302_Byte(address);	
 	Write_Ds1302_Byte(dat);		
 	RST=0; 
}

unsigned char Read_Ds1302 ( unsigned char address )
{
 	unsigned char i,temp=0x00;
 	RST=0;
	_nop_();
 	SCK=0;
	_nop_();
 	RST=1;
	_nop_();
 	Write_Ds1302_Byte(address);
 	for (i=0;i<8;i++) 	
 	{		
		SCK=0;
		temp>>=1;	
 		if(SDA)
 		temp|=0x80;	
 		SCK=1;
	} 
 	RST=0;
	_nop_();
 	RST=0;
	SCK=0;
	_nop_();
	SCK=1;
	_nop_();
	SDA=0;
	_nop_();
	SDA=1;
	_nop_();
	return (temp);			
}

三、一些心得

  1. bit型慎用
  2. 按键最好return出来，出来后再做处理
  3. 大程序，在最后写延时时，写短一点，因为可能还有其他程序在运行，拖慢时间
  4. DS1302用16进制写入，16进制读出，转换时用/16和%16
posted @ 2022-04-03 14:01  周末不下雨  阅读(83)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报