Nginx编译安装

Nginx编译安装

1、环境准备

rocky建议提前安装：yum install -y gcc pcre-devel  openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel make gcc-c++ openss  perl-ExtUtils-Embed

ubuntu建议提前安装： apt install -y gcc libpcre3-dev libssl-dev 
如果提示缺少zlib library，请到http://www.zlib.net/   下载zlib编译安装即可

2、Rocky安装

[root@nginx ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[root@nginx ~]# tar xf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@nginx ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@nginx local]# cd nginx-1.22.0/
[root@nginx nginx-1.22.0]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module
[root@nginx nginx-1.22.0]# make && make install              
[root@nginx nginx-1.22.0]# chown -R nginx. /apps/nginx       #更改权限
[root@nginx nginx-1.22.0]# cd /apps/nginx/
[root@nginx nginx]# ln -s /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/   #创建软连接

[root@nginx nginx]# nginx   #启动测试
[root@nginx nginx]# ss -ntl   #查看端口

[root@nginx nginx]# nginx -s stop   停止nginx
[root@nginx nginx]# ss -ntl
[root@nginx nginx]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service   #创建service文件
[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=100000

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@nginx nginx]# mkdir /apps/nginx/run/   #创建sevices例pid指定的目录
[root@nginx nginx]# vim /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf    #修改配置文件
pid         /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid;

[root@nginx nginx]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@nginx nginx]# systemctl enable --now nginx.service 
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
[root@nginx nginx]# systemctl status nginx.service 

遇到的问题：

./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found

解决办法：

[root@nginx nginx-1.22.0]# yum install -y gcc

遇到的问题：

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

解决办法：

[root@nginx nginx-1.22.0]# yum install pcre-devel -y

遇到的问题：

./configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.

解决办法：

[root@nginx nginx-1.22.0]# yum install -y openssl-devel

3、平滑升级和回滚

[root@nginx ~]# tar xf nginx-1.23.1.tar.gz 
[root@nginx ~]# cd nginx-1.23.1
[root@nginx nginx-1.23.1]# nginx -V     #查看旧版本编译信息
[root@nginx nginx-1.23.0]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module
[root@nginx nginx-1.23.0]# make      #千万不要make install
[root@nginx nginx-1.23.1]# cp /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx /opt/    #拷贝旧得nginx文件到opt目录下
[root@nginx nginx-1.23.1]# cp objs/nginx /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -f   #强制覆盖旧的nginx
cp: overwrite '/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx'? y
[root@nginx nginx-1.23.1]# nginx -v    
nginx version: nginx/1.23.1

[root@nginx nginx-1.23.1]# kill -USR2 `cat /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid`   #发送信号USR2 平滑升级可执行程序,将存储有旧版本主进程PID的文件重命名为nginx.pid.oldbin，并启动新的nginx
[root@nginx nginx-1.23.1]# ps auxf | grep nginx
root       39282  0.0  0.0  12140  1188 pts/0    S+   21:11   0:00  |           \_ grep --color=auto nginx
root       36127  0.0  0.1  42572  2836 ?        Ss   20:06   0:00 nginx: master process /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx      36128  0.0  0.2  74680  4980 ?        S    20:06   0:00  \_ nginx: worker process
root       39277  0.0  0.3  42580  6068 ?        S    21:11   0:00  \_ nginx: master process /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx      39278  0.0  0.2  74768  4904 ?        S    21:11   0:00      \_ nginx: worker process

[root@nginx nginx-1.23.1]# kill -WINCH `cat /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid.oldbin` 
##向原Nginx主进程发送WINCH信号，它会逐步关闭旗下的工作进程（主进程不退出），这时所有请都会由新版Nginx处理
#这里做个快照，一会回滚旧版本使用。

[root@nginx nginx-1.23.1]# kill -QUIT `cat /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid.oldbin`  #发送QUIT信号,退出老的master
[root@nginx nginx-1.23.1]# nginx -v      #查看版本是不是已经是新版了
nginx version: nginx/1.23.1
[root@nginx nginx-1.23.1]# curl -I 127.0.0.1      #查看版本是不是已经是新版了
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.23.1
Date: Tue, 13 Sep 2022 13:24:15 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 615
Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Sep 2022 11:35:45 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "63206b11-267"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
=================================================================

# 回滚
[root@nginx ~]# kill -HUP `cat /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid.oldbin`   #发送HUP信号,重新拉起旧版本的worker
[root@nginx ~]# kill -QUIT `cat /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid`  #关闭新版的master
[root@nginx ~]# mv /opt/nginx /apps/nginx/sbin/   #恢复旧版的文件
mv: overwrite '/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx'? y
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -v             #查看版本是不是已经恢复
nginx version: nginx/1.22.0
[root@nginx ~]# curl -I 127.0.1     #查看版本是不是已经恢复
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.22.0
Date: Tue, 13 Sep 2022 13:29:21 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 615
Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Sep 2022 11:35:45 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "63206b11-267"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

4、Ubuntu安装

[root@nginx-ubuntu ~]# tar xf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@nginx-ubuntu ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.22.0]# cd nginx-1.22.0/
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.22.0]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nginx

[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.22.0]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.22.0]# make && make install
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.22.0]# chown -R nginx. /apps/nginx
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.22.0]# cd /apps/nginx
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx]#vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service 
[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=100000

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx]# mkdir /apps/nginx/run
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx]# vim /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
pid        /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid;
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx]# systemctl enable --now nginx.service
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx]# ss -ntl
State  Recv-Q  Send-Q                     Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port Process 
LISTEN 0       511                              0.0.0.0:80          0.0.0.0:*   
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx]# ln -s /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx]# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.22.0
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx]# curl -I 127.1
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.22.0
Date: Tue, 13 Sep 2022 13:47:22 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 615
Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Sep 2022 12:33:38 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "632078a2-267"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

========================================================================
# 平滑升级
[root@nginx-ubuntu ~]# tar xf nginx-1.23.1.tar.gz
[root@nginx-ubuntu ~]# cd nginx-1.23.1/
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]# nginx -V   #查看旧版本编译信息
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_realip_module
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]# make       #不要写make install
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]#cp /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx /opt/   #备份旧得nginx文件
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]#cp objs/nginx /apps/nginx/sbin/ -f  #强行覆盖旧得nginx
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]#nginx  -v
nginx version: nginx/1.23.1
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]#kill -USR2 `cat /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid`   #发送信号USR2 平滑升级可执行程序,将存储有旧版本主进程PID的文件重命名为nginx.pid.oldbin，并启动新的nginx
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]#ps auxf|grep nginx   #查看进程
root       42275  0.0  0.0   9392   720 pts/0    S+   21:58   0:00  |       \_ grep --color=auto nginx
root       38580  0.0  0.0   8604   836 ?        Ss   21:40   0:00 nginx: master process /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx      38581  0.0  0.1   9296  3428 ?        S    21:40   0:00  \_ nginx: worker process
root       42265  0.0  0.3   8600  6136 ?        S    21:58   0:00  \_ nginx: master process /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx      42266  0.0  0.1   9288  3352 ?        S    21:58   0:00      \_ nginx: worker process

[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]#kill -WINCH `cat /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid`
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]#kill -QUIT `cat /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid` 
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]#ps auxf|grep nginx
root       42337  0.0  0.0   9392   660 pts/0    S+   22:00   0:00  |       \_ grep --color=auto nginx
root       38580  0.0  0.0   8604   836 ?        Ss   21:40   0:00 nginx: master process /apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /apps/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx      38581  0.0  0.1   9296  3428 ?        S    21:40   0:00  \_ nginx: worker process
#### 有时候不能平滑切换
[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.23.1]#curl -I 127.0.1
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.23.1
Date: Tue, 13 Sep 2022 14:03:31 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 615
Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Sep 2022 12:33:38 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "632078a2-267"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

=======================================================
#回滚
[root@nginx-ubuntu ~]#kill -HUP `cat /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid`
[root@nginx-ubuntu ~]#kill -QUIT `cat /apps/nginx/run/nginx.pid`
[root@nginx-ubuntu ~]#mv /opt/nginx /apps/nginx/sbin/
[root@nginx-ubuntu ~]#nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.22.0
[root@nginx-ubuntu ~]#curl -I 127.0.1
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.22.0
Date: Tue, 13 Sep 2022 14:08:40 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 615
Last-Modified: Tue, 13 Sep 2022 12:33:38 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "632078a2-267"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

遇到的问题：

./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found

解决办法：

[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.22.0]#apt install -y gcc

遇到的问题：

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

解决办法：

[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.22.0]#apt install -y libpcre3-dev

遇到的问题：

./configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.

解决办法：

[root@nginx-ubuntu nginx-1.22.0]#apt install libssl-dev

遇到的问题：

./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.

解决办法：

http://www.zlib.net/   下载zlib
[root@nginx-ubuntu ~]#tar xf zlib-1.2.12.tar.gz 
[root@nginx-ubuntu ~]#cd zlib-1.2.12/
[root@nginx-ubuntu zlib-1.2.12]#./configure
[root@nginx-ubuntu zlib-1.2.12]#make && make install