html前端通过canvas生成验证码

1.页面调用js文件

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.3.js"></script>

2.html页面上面的布局，加粗为有效代码，剩下的自己页面css布局，

<dd>
                            <input type="text" class="input-yzm topAlign" id="verify" name="verify" maxlength="5" autocomplete="off" placeholder="验证码" required>
                                <span class="span-yzm">
                                      <!--验证码-->
                                      <canvas width="100" height="40" id="verifyCanvas"></canvas>
                                      <img id="code_img">
                                </span>
                            </dd>

重点：

input的name,id；

canvas的id；

img的id；

3.验证码js的代码

<!--验证码代码-->
<script type="text/javascript">
    var nums = ["1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "0", 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R',
        'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x',
        'y', 'z'];

    drawCode();
    // 绘制验证码
    function drawCode() {
        var canvas = document.getElementById("verifyCanvas");  //获取HTML端画布
        var context = canvas.getContext("2d");                 //获取画布2D上下文
        context.fillStyle = "cornflowerblue";                  //画布填充色
        context.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);   //清空画布
        context.fillStyle = "white";                           //设置字体颜色
        context.font = "25px Arial";                           //设置字体
        var rand = new Array();
        var x = new Array();
        var y = new Array();
        for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            rand[i] = nums[Math.floor(Math.random() * nums.length)]
            x[i] = i * 16 + 10;
            y[i] = Math.random() * 20 + 20;
            context.fillText(rand[i], x[i], y[i]);
        }
        //画3条随机线
        for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            drawline(canvas, context);
        }

        // 画30个随机点
        for (var i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            drawDot(canvas, context);
        }
        convertCanvasToImage(canvas)
    }

    // 随机线
    function drawline(canvas, context) {
        context.moveTo(Math.floor(Math.random() * canvas.width), Math.floor(Math.random() * canvas.height));             //随机线的起点x坐标是画布x坐标0位置，y坐标是画布高度的随机数
        context.lineTo(Math.floor(Math.random() * canvas.width), Math.floor(Math.random() * canvas.height));  //随机线的终点x坐标是画布宽度，y坐标是画布高度的随机数
        context.lineWidth = 0.5;                                                  //随机线宽
        context.strokeStyle = 'rgba(50,50,50,0.3)';                               //随机线描边属性
        context.stroke();                                                         //描边，即起点描到终点
    }
    // 随机点(所谓画点其实就是画1px像素的线，方法不再赘述)
    function drawDot(canvas, context) {
        var px = Math.floor(Math.random() * canvas.width);
        var py = Math.floor(Math.random() * canvas.height);
        context.moveTo(px, py);
        context.lineTo(px + 1, py + 1);
        context.lineWidth = 0.2;
        context.stroke();

    }
    // 绘制图片
    function convertCanvasToImage(canvas) {
        document.getElementById("verifyCanvas").style.display = "none";
        var image = document.getElementById("code_img");
        image.src = canvas.toDataURL("image/png");
        return image;
    }

    // 点击图片刷新
    document.getElementById('code_img').onclick = function () {
        $('#verifyCanvas').remove();
        $('#verify').after('<canvas width="100" height="40" id="verifyCanvas"></canvas>')
        drawCode();
    }
</script>