Tomcat 的 server.xml 文件详解

文件内容解读

  1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2 <!--
  3   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
  4   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
  5   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
  6   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
  7   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
  8   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
  9 
 10       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 11 
 12   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 13   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 14   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 15   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 16   limitations under the License.
 17 -->
 18 <!-- Note:  A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
 19      define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
 20      Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
 21  -->
 22 <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
 23   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
 24   <!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
 25   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
 26   -->
 27   <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
 28   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
 29   <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
 30   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
 31   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
 32   <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
 33 
 34   <!-- Global JNDI resources
 35        Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
 36   -->
 37   <GlobalNamingResources>
 38     <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
 39          UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
 40     -->
 41     <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
 42               type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
 43               description="User database that can be updated and saved"
 44               factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
 45               pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
 46   </GlobalNamingResources>
 47 
 48   <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
 49        a single "Container" Note:  A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
 50        so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
 51        Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
 52    -->
 53   <!-- 代表一个服务，这个Service可以有多个，后面的name是服务名 -->
 54   <Service name="Catalina">
 55 
 56     <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
 57     <!--
 58     <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
 59         maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
 60     -->
 61 
 62 
 63     <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
 64          and responses are returned. Documentation at :
 65          Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html
 66          Java AJP  Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
 67          APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
 68          Define a non-SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
 69     -->
 70     <!-- 
 71         代表一个连接器，后边指定了这个连接器使用的协议和端口号，还有超时时间，平时修改Tomcat端口号就是修改这个端口号，
 72         当然，还有其他连接器，下面就有一个使用AJP1.3协议的连接器，不过平时不使用
 73     -->
 74     <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
 75                connectionTimeout="20000"
 76                redirectPort="8443" />
 77     <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
 78     <!--
 79     <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
 80                port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
 81                connectionTimeout="20000"
 82                redirectPort="8443" />
 83     -->
 84     <!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
 85          This connector uses the NIO implementation. The default
 86          SSLImplementation will depend on the presence of the APR/native
 87          library and the useOpenSSL attribute of the
 88          AprLifecycleListener.
 89          Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used regardless of
 90          the SSLImplementation selected. JSSE style configuration is used below.
 91     -->
 92     <!--
 93     <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"
 94                maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true">
 95         <SSLHostConfig>
 96             <Certificate certificateKeystoreFile="conf/localhost-rsa.jks"
 97                          type="RSA" />
 98         </SSLHostConfig>
 99     </Connector>
100     -->
101     <!-- Define a SSL/TLS HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 with HTTP/2
102          This connector uses the APR/native implementation which always uses
103          OpenSSL for TLS.
104          Either JSSE or OpenSSL style configuration may be used. OpenSSL style
105          configuration is used below.
106     -->
107     <!--
108     <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"
109                maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" >
110         <UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" />
111         <SSLHostConfig>
112             <Certificate certificateKeyFile="conf/localhost-rsa-key.pem"
113                          certificateFile="conf/localhost-rsa-cert.pem"
114                          certificateChainFile="conf/localhost-rsa-chain.pem"
115                          type="RSA" />
116         </SSLHostConfig>
117     </Connector>
118     -->
119 
120     <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 -->
121     <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
122 
123 
124     <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
125          every request.  The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
126          analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
127          on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
128          Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->
129 
130     <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
131     <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
132     -->
133     <!-- 服务引擎 defaulltHost用来指定默认的主机-->
134     <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
135 
136       <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
137           /docs/cluster-howto.html  (simple how to)
138           /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
139       <!--
140       <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
141       -->
142 
143       <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
144            via a brute-force attack -->
145       <!-- 安全策略 -->
146       <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
147         <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
148              resources under the key "UserDatabase".  Any edits
149              that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
150              available for use by the Realm.  -->
151         <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
152                resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
153       </Realm>
154 
155       <!-- 主机：name代表主机名，appBase代表根目录，unpackWARs代表是否自动解压WAR包，autoDeploy代表自动发布，就是启动状态下能直接部署项目 -->
156       <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
157             unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
158 
159         <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
160              Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
161         <!--
162         <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
163         -->
164 
165         <!-- Access log processes all example.
166              Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
167              Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
168         <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
169                prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
170                pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
171 
172       </Host>
173     </Engine>
174   </Service>
175 </Server>

创建虚拟目录

1、直接在server.xml文件的Host标签内添加Context标签用于指定虚拟目录，path表示访问路径，docBase表示项目路径，也就是虚拟目录，下面指定了项目地址，就不会访问webapps目录下的项目了，这种方式有个缺点是修改后必须重启服务器。

直接访问http://localhost:8080/myweb

<Context path="/myweb" docBase="D:\Programmer\myweb" />

2、虚拟目录的修改还有另外一种方式，就是把这个Context标签放到Tomcat的\conf\Catalina\localhost目录下，新建一个xxx.xml，里面添加上xml文件的头部和Context标签，这样也能指定虚拟目录，并且不用重启服务器。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context docBase="D:\Programmer\myweb" />

直接访问http://localhost:8080/xxx/

创建虚拟主机

1、复制一个Host标签出来，然后修改name为www.wangbo.com，appBase目录也可以修改为D:\Programmer\web（将web项目复制一份放到这个目录下）

      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

        <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
        <!--
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
        -->

        <!-- Access log processes all example.
             Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
             Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

      </Host>
      <Host name="www.wangbo.com"  appBase="D:\Programmer\web"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
      </Host>