Python s12 Day3 笔记及作业

1. Set集合

old_dict = {
    "#1":{ 'hostname':'c1', 'cpu_count':2,  'mem_capicity':16},
    "#2":{ 'hostname':'c1', 'cpu_count':2,  'mem_capicity':16},
    "#3":{ 'hostname':'c1', 'cpu_count':2,  'mem_capicity':16}
}
new_dict = {
    "#1":{ 'hostname':'c1', 'cpu_count':2,  'mem_capicity':32},
    "#3":{ 'hostname':'c1', 'cpu_count':2,  'mem_capicity':16},
    "#4":{ 'hostname':'c1', 'cpu_count':2,  'mem_capicity':16}
}

old = set(old_dict.keys())
new = set(new_dict.keys())
update_set = old.intersection(new)
print("Update Set:",update_set)
#delete_set = old.difference(update_set)    #difference是循环old,找出old中不在update_set中的元素
delete_set = old.symmetric_difference(update_set)  #symmetric_difference是循环old和update_set, 找出两者中不在对方中的元素
print("delete set:",delete_set)
#add_set = new.difference(update_set)
add_set = new.symmetric_difference(update_set)
print("add set:",add_set)

 

2. Counter计数器

Counter是对字典类型的补充,用于追踪值的出现次数,具备字典的所有功能和自己的功能。

import collections
obj
= collections.Counter('aabbsdfsdgabadsf') print(obj) ret = obj.most_common(4) print(ret)
-----------------------------------
Counter({'a': 4, 'b': 3, 's': 3, 'd': 3, 'f': 2, 'g': 1})
[('a', 4), ('b', 3), ('s', 3), ('d', 3)]

 

3. OrderedDict有序字典

import collections
dic = collections.OrderedDict()
dic['k1'] = 'v1'
dic['k2'] = 'v2'
dic['k3'] = 'v3'
print(dic)
----------------------------------
OrderedDict([('k1', 'v1'), ('k2', 'v2'), ('k3', 'v3')])

 

4. defaultdict默认字典

为字典设置默认类型

dic = collections.defaultdict(list)
dic['k1'].append('wayne')
print(dic)
-----------------------------------
defaultdict(<class 'list'>, {'k1': ['wayne']})

 

5. 可命名元组

import collections
#创建类
MytupleClass = collections.namedtuple('Mytuple',['x','y','z'])
obj = MytupleClass(11,22,33)
print(obj.x, obj.y, obj.z)

 

6. deque双向队列

import collections
d = collections.deque(['2', '3'])
d.appendleft('1')
print(d)
d.extend('4')
print(d)

单向队列 Queue.Queue
单向队列双向队列都是线程安全的

 

7. 动态参数

def show(*args, **kwargs):
    print(args, type(args))
    print(kwargs, type(args))

l = [11,22,33,44]
d = {'a':1, 'b':2}

show(l, d)
show(*l, **d)
------------------------------------
([11, 22, 33, 44], {'a': 1, 'b': 2}) <class 'tuple'>
{} <class 'tuple'>
(11, 22, 33, 44) <class 'tuple'>
{'a': 1, 'b': 2} <class 'tuple'>

 

keyword-only参数必须编写在**args任意关键字形式之前,且在*args任意位置形式之后(当二者都有的时候)。

无论何时,一个参数名称出现在*args之前,它可能是默认位置参数,而不是keyword-only参数:

def f(a,c=6,*b,**d): print(a,b,c,d)
>>>f(1,2,3,x=4)
1 (3,) 2  {'x':4}

 

posted on 2017-10-06 09:24  走心的狗  阅读(293)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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