Oracle基本语法集锦
1、表
create table test (names varchar2(12), |
2、视图
create or replace view vi_test as |
3、同义词
create or replace synonym aa |
4、存储过程
create or replace produce dd(v_id in employee.empoy_id%type) |
5、函数
create or replace function ee(v_id in employee%rowtype) return varchar(15) |
6、三种触发器的定义
create or replace trigger ff |
7、定义游标
declare |
8、速度优化,前一语句不后一语句的速度快几十倍
select names,dates |
9、查找重复记录
select names,num |
10、查找表TEST中时间最新的前10条记录
select * from (select * from test order by dates desc) where rownum < 11 |
11、序列号的产生
create sequence row_id |
1.连接
---内连接
select * from dali.test1 a, dali.test2 b where a.a=b.a;
---左连接
select * from dali.test1 a, dali.test2 b where a.a=b.a(+);
---右连接
select * from dali.test1 a, dali.test2 b where a.a(+)=b.a;
---完全连接
select * from dali.test1 a, dali.test2 b where a.a=b.a(+)
union
select * from dali.test1 a, dali.test2 b where a.a(+)=b.a;
---迪卡尔
select * from dali.test1, dali.test2;
判断是否为空:
在SQl Server中为ISNULL(field1,0)
在Oracle中为NVL(field1,0)
oracle 存储过程的基本语法
1.基本结构
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 存储过程名字
(
参数1 IN NUMBER,
参数2 IN NUMBER
) IS
变量1 INTEGER :=0;
变量2 DATE;
BEGIN
END 存储过程名字
2.SELECT INTO STATEMENT
将select查询的结果存入到变量中,可以同时将多个列存储多个变量中,必须有一条
记录,否则抛出异常(如果没有记录抛出NO_DATA_FOUND)
例子:
BEGIN
SELECT col1,col2 into 变量1,变量2 FROM typestruct where xxx;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
xxxx;
END;
...
3.IF 判断
IF V_TEST=1 THEN
BEGIN
do something
END;
END IF;
4.while 循环
WHILE V_TEST=1 LOOP
BEGIN
XXXX
END;
END LOOP;
5.变量赋值
V_TEST := 123;
6.用for in 使用cursor
...
IS
CURSOR cur IS SELECT * FROM xxx;
BEGIN
FOR cur_result in cur LOOP
BEGIN
V_SUM :=cur_result.列名1+cur_result.列名2
END;
END LOOP;
END;
7.带参数的cursor
CURSOR C_USER(C_ID NUMBER) IS SELECT NAME FROM USER WHERE TYPEID=C_ID;
OPEN C_USER(变量值);
LOOP
FETCH C_USER INTO V_NAME;
EXIT FETCH C_USER%NOTFOUND;
do something
END LOOP;
CLOSE C_USER;
8.用pl/sql developer debug
连接数据库后建立一个Test WINDOW
在窗口输入调用SP的代码,F9开始debug,CTRL+N单步调试
关于oracle存储过程的若干问题备忘
select a.appname from appinfo as a;-- 错误
select af.keynode from APPFOUNDATION af where af.appid=aid and af.foundationid=fid;-- 没有into,编译报错,提示:Compilation
Error: PLS-00428: an INTO clause is expected in this SELECT statement
select af.keynode into kn from APPFOUNDATION af where af.appid=appid and af.foundationid=foundationid;-- 运行阶段报错,提示
ORA-01422:exact fetch returns more than requested number of rows
id varchar2(50) primary key not null,
vcount number(8) not null,
bid varchar2(50) not null -- 外键
);
fcount:=0;
end if;
new HibernateCallback() {
public Object doInHibernate(Session session)
throws HibernateException, SQLException {
CallableStatement cs = session
.connection()
.prepareCall("{call modifyapppnumber_remain(?)}");
cs.setString(1, foundationid);
cs.execute();
return null;
}
});