最小生成树(大纲,待补全)
最小生成树
前置知识
图
树
生成树
最小生成树
Prim
不常用(又不如kruskal快又不如kruskal好写),了解即可
思路类似dijkstra
以下为我也不知道我啥时候写出来的代码
邻接矩阵版本
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int n, m;
int t[5001][5001];
int d[5001];
bool vis[5001];
int ans, cnt;
int main()
{
cin >> n >> m;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++)
t[i][j] = 1000000005;
t[i][i] = 0;
}
for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++)
{
int u, v, w;
cin >> u >> v >> w;
t[v][u] = t[u][v] = min(t[u][v], w);
}
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
d[i] = 1000000005;
}
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
d[i] = t[1][i];
}
d[1] = 0;
vis[1] = 1;
while (cnt <= n - 1)
{
int mini = 0, mind = 1000000005;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
if (!vis[i] && d[i] < mind)
{
mind = d[i];
mini = i;
}
}
if (mini == 0)
{
break;
}
cnt++;
ans += mind;
d[mini] = 0;
vis[mini] = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
d[i] = min(d[i], t[mini][i]);
}
}
if (cnt == n - 1)
{
cout << ans << endl;
}
else
{
cout << -1 << endl;
}
}
邻接表版本
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int n, m;
int fir[200001], to[1000001], nxt[1000001], dis[1000001], ecnt;
void add(int u, int v, int w)
{
to[++ecnt] = v;
dis[ecnt] = w;
nxt[ecnt] = fir[u];
fir[u] = ecnt;
}
int d[200001];
bool vis[200001];
int cnt;
long long ans;
struct node
{
int x, d;
node(int x, int d) : x(x), d(d) {}
};
bool operator<(node a, node b)
{
return a.d > b.d;
}
priority_queue<node> q;
int main()
{
cin >> n >> m;
for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++)
{
int u, v, w;
cin >> u >> v >> w;
add(u, v, w);
add(v, u, w);
}
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
d[i] = 1000000005;
q.push(node(1, 0));
d[1] = 0;
cnt = -1;
while (!q.empty() && cnt < n - 1)
{
node h = q.top();
q.pop();
if (vis[h.x])
continue;
vis[h.x] = 1;
d[h.x] = 0;
cnt++;
ans += h.d;
for (int e = fir[h.x]; e; e = nxt[e])
{
if (d[to[e]] > dis[e])
{
d[to[e]] = dis[e];
q.push(node(to[e], d[to[e]]));
}
}
}
if (cnt == n - 1)
{
cout << ans << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "orz" << endl;
}
}
Kruskal
思想:贪心
每次找一条最短的边往生成树里加
正确性
待补充
代码
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
struct edge{
int from,to,dis;
}g[500001];
bool cmp(edge a,edge b){
return a.dis<b.dis;
}
int fa[200001];
int getf(int x){
if(fa[x]==x)return x;
fa[x]=getf(fa[x]);
return fa[x];
}
int n,m,cnt;
long long ans;
int main(){
cin>>n>>m;
for(int i=1;i<=m;i++){
cin>>g[i].from>>g[i].to>>g[i].dis;
}
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
fa[i]=i;
}
sort(g+1,g+m+1,cmp);
for(int i=1;i<=m&&cnt<n-1;i++){
int fu=getf(g[i].from),fv=getf(g[i].to);
if(fu==fv)continue;
fa[fu]=fv;
cnt++;
ans+=g[i].dis;
}
if(cnt==n-1){
cout<<ans<<endl;
}else{
cout<<"orz";
}
}
讲到的题
P1550 [USACO08OCT]Watering Hole G
[P2820 局域网](https://www.luogu.com.cn/problem/P2820