iOS开发之Block

iOS开发之Block

1.什么是block,block的作用

  block是OC中的一种数据类型,同其他语言的闭包,或者lambda类似。

  block在UI开发和网络常见功能实现回调,按钮的时间处理方法是回调方法,网络下载完成回调处理

  (1)按钮target-action      一个方法传入按钮中

  (2)表格视图      传入一个指针self,回调视图控制器中的方法

  (3)block          语句块,解决回调,理解为“匿名函数”,定义在方法里面

2.block的基本使用(语法)

  定义block变量

    格式说明:
    (返回类型)(^块名称)(参数类型) = ^(参数列表) {代码实现};
    如果没有参数,等号后面参数列表的()可以省略

  定义block语句块

  block参数和返回值

  block捕获外部变量(包括self)

  block注意事项

-(void)basicUse{
    /*
     1.block变量的定义
     技巧:解决语法诡异带来难写的问题
     void func();
     
     定义block,^表示定义block
     技巧: 函数名左右加括号,在函数名前面再加^
     */
    void (^block)();
    
    //定义block语句块,存储到了block变量中
    block = ^void ()
    {
        NSLog(@"i am block");
    };
    
    //无参数,可以简写
    //    block = ^{
    //        NSLog(@"i am block");
    //    };
    
    block();
    
    
    //2.带有参数和返回值的block
    //实例    实现计算两数之和的block
    //int myAdd(int x,int y);
    int (^myAdd) (int x,int y) = ^(int x,int y){
        return x+y;
    };
    
    NSLog(@"%d", myAdd(10,29));
    
    
    //3.block捕获外部变量
    // block使用block外面的变量的注意事项
    //    int num = 10;  //不能再block中修改
    __block int val = 10;
    void (^b1)()= ^void(){
        //能使用和修改实例变量
        _page = 1;
        
        //block中不能修改局部变量的值
        //num++;
        
        //block中修改__block修饰的局部变量
        val++;
        
        //可能有警告,因为内存问题引起,self引用block,block保存self,造成循环引用,注意:
        //self.url = @"txt";
        
        //修改方式:使用弱指针引用
        __weak typeof (self) weakSelf = self;
        weakSelf.url = @"txt";
        
    };
}

 

3.block在开发中的应用(OC,UI,网络)

使用block实现排序

-(void)blockDelelopApply
{
    //oc中应用
    //1.NSMutableArray排序
    
    NLDog *ahua = [[NLDog alloc]init];
    ahua.nickName = @"ahua";
    ahua.age = 4;
    
    NLDog *amiao = [[NLDog alloc]init];
    amiao.nickName = @"amiao";
    amiao.age = 3;

    NLDog *dahuang = [[NLDog alloc]init];
    dahuang.nickName = @"dahuang";
    dahuang.age = 5;
    
    NSMutableArray *marr = [@[ahua,amiao,dahuang]mutableCopy];
//    [marr sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(selector)];
    [marr sortUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id obj1, id obj2) {
        NLDog *aDog = obj1;
        NLDog *bDog = obj2;
        return aDog.age < bDog.age;
    }];
    
    for (NLDog *dog in marr) {
        NSLog(@"name = %@  age = %d",dog.nickName,dog.age);
    }
}

实现数组的枚举

NSArray *array = @[@"张三", @"李四", @"王五", @"赵六"];
[array enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) {
    NSLog(@"第 %d 项内容是 %@", (int)idx, obj);
    if ([@"王五" isEqualToString:obj]) {
        *stop = YES;
    }
}];

使用block实现动画

-(void)animationUIView{
    UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 100, 100, 100)];
    label.text = @"我是label";
    label.backgroundColor =[UIColor redColor];
    [self.view addSubview:label];
    
//    [UIView animateWithDuration:1.0 animations:^{
//    
//    }];
    
    [UIView animateWithDuration:1.0 animations:^{
        CGRect rect = label.frame;
        rect.origin.y += 200;
        label.frame =rect;
    } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
        [UIView animateWithDuration:1.0 animations:^{
            label.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(M_PI);
            CGRect rect = label.frame;
            rect.origin.y -= 200;
            label.frame =rect;
        } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
            NSLog(@"animation finished");
        }];
    }];
}

使用block实现界面传值

若有两个界面A界面, B界面, A界面创建B界面, B界面值传递到A界面

A界面设置block

//block实现界面反向传值
-(void)passValue{
    UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:(UIButtonTypeSystem)];
    button.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 50);
    [button setTitle:@"" forState:(UIControlStateNormal)];
    [self.view addSubview:button];
    [button addTarget:self action:@selector(btnClick:) forControlEvents:(UIControlEventTouchUpInside)];
}

-(void)btnClick:(UIButton *)btn{
    NLSecondController *controller = [[NLSecondController alloc]init];
    
    controller.action = ^(NSString *color) {
        if ([color isEqualToString:@"blue"]) {
            self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
        }
    };
    
    [self presentViewController:controller animated:YES completion:^{
        controller.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
    }];

}

B界面保存block

 

@interface NLSecondController : UIViewController
//void action(NSString *color);
//-(void)setChangeBackgroundColor:(void (^)(NSString *color))action;
@property (nonatomic,strong) void(^action)(NSString *color) ;
@end

@interface NLSecondController ()

@end



@implementation NLSecondController


- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:(UIButtonTypeSystem)];
    button.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 50);
    [button setTitle:@"" forState:(UIControlStateNormal)];
    [self.view addSubview:button];
    [button addTarget:self action:@selector(btnClick:) forControlEvents:(UIControlEventTouchUpInside)];
}

-(void)btnClick:(UIButton *)btn{
    
    if (_action) {
        _action(@"blue");
    }
    
    [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
    
}


@end

代码下载:点我下载

posted @ 2015-04-07 15:17  wantyoulee  阅读(211)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报