docker 镜像常用部分命令

帮助命令

docker version      # 显示docker的版本信息
docker info         # 显示docker的系统信息，包括镜像和容器
docker 命令 --help   # 帮助命令

帮助文档地址： https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline

镜像命令

可以在帮助文档里面找到 docker image 进行查看

docker images 查看镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world         latest              bf756fb1ae65        7 months ago        13.3kB

# 解释
REPOSITORY     镜像的仓库
TAG            镜像的标签
IMAGE ID     镜像的id
CREATED        镜像的创建时间
SIZE        镜像的大小

# 可选项
[root@localhost ~]# docker images --help
Usage:    docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
Options:
  -a, --all             #列出所有镜像
  -q, --quiet           #只显示镜像的ID​

docker search 搜索镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   9848                [OK]                
mariadb                           MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   3598                [OK]                
mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   720                                     [OK]
​
# 可选项，通过搜索来过滤
[root@localhost ~]# docker search --help
Usage:  docker search [OPTIONS] TERM
Options:
  -f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided
​
#只搜索数量大于3000的镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql --filter=STARS=3000
NAME                DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
mysql               MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   9848                [OK]                
mariadb             MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   3598                [OK]                
[root@localhost ~]# 

docker pull 下载镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull --help
Usage:    docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]
Options:
  -a, --all-tags                Download all tagged images in the repository
  -q, --quiet                   Suppress verbose output
 
# 下载镜像 docker pull  镜像名：tag

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest            #如果不写tag，默认就是 latest
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
bf5952930446: Pull complete         #分层下载，docker image的核心，联合文件系统
8254623a9871: Pull complete 
938e3e06dac4: Pull complete 
ea28ebf28884: Pull complete 
f3cef38785c2: Pull complete 
894f9792565a: Pull complete 
1d8a57523420: Pull complete 
6c676912929f: Pull complete 
ff39fdb566b4: Pull complete 
fff872988aba: Pull complete 
4d34e365ae68: Pull complete 
7886ee20621e: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:c358e72e100ab493a0304bda35e6f239db2ec8c9bb836d8a427ac34307d074ed    #签名
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest    #真实地址


docker pull mysql 等价于 docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:latest

#指定版本下载
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
bf5952930446: Already exists     #层级，因为下载最新版时已经有了，不重复下载，节省资源
8254623a9871: Already exists 
938e3e06dac4: Already exists 
ea28ebf28884: Already exists 
f3cef38785c2: Already exists 
894f9792565a: Already exists 
1d8a57523420: Already exists 
5f09bf1d31c1: Pull complete 
1b6ff254abe7: Pull complete 
74310a0bf42d: Pull complete 
d398726627fd: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:da58f943b94721d46e87d5de208dc07302a8b13e638cd1d24285d222376d6d84
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7
[root@localhost ~]# 

docker rmi 删除镜像

[root@localhost /]# docker rmi  -f 镜像ID                      #删除指定镜像
[root@localhost /]# docker rmi  -f 镜像ID1 镜像ID2              #删除多个镜像
[root@localhost /]# docker rmi  -f $(docker images -qa)       #删除全部镜像

docker save 提交镜像成tar包

docker save ubuntu:load>/root/ubuntu.tar
docker load<ubuntu.tar