prometheus监控k8s集群

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k8s集群监控之prometheus

prometheus官网：官网地址

1.1 Prometheus的特点

  • 多维度数据模型,使用时间序列数据库TSDB而不使用mysql。

  • 灵活的查询语言PromQL。

  • 不依赖分布式存储，单个服务器节点是自主的。

  • 主要基于HTTP的pull方式主动采集时序数据。

  • 也可通过pushgateway获取主动推送到网关的数据。

  • 通过服务发现或者静态配置来发现目标服务对象。

  • 支持多种多样的图表和界面展示，比如Grafana等。

1.2 基本原理

1.2.1 原理说明

Prometheus的基本原理是通过各种exporter提供的HTTP协议接口

周期性抓取被监控组件的状态，任意组件只要提供对应的HTTP接口就可以接入监控。

不需要任何SDK或者其他的集成过程,非常适合做虚拟化环境监控系统，比如VM、Docker、Kubernetes等。

互联网公司常用的组件大部分都有exporter可以直接使用，如Nginx、MySQL、Linux系统信息等。

1.2.2 架构图:

img

1.2.3 三大组件

  • Server 主要负责数据采集和存储，提供PromQL查询语言的支持。

  • Alertmanager 警告管理器，用来进行报警。

  • Push Gateway 支持临时性Job主动推送指标的中间网关。

1.2.4 架构服务过程

Prometheus Daemon负责定时去目标上抓取metrics(指标)数据
每个抓取目标需要暴露一个http服务的接口给它定时抓取。
支持通过配置文件、文本文件、Zookeeper、DNS SRV Lookup等方式指定抓取目标。

PushGateway用于Client主动推送metrics到PushGateway
而Prometheus只是定时去Gateway上抓取数据。
适合一次性、短生命周期的服务。

Prometheus在TSDB数据库存储抓取的所有数据
通过一定规则进行清理和整理数据，并把得到的结果存储到新的时间序列中。

Prometheus通过PromQL和其他API可视化地展示收集的数据。
支持Grafana、Promdash等方式的图表数据可视化。
Prometheus还提供HTTP API的查询方式，自定义所需要的输出。

Alertmanager是独立于Prometheus的一个报警组件
支持Prometheus的查询语句，提供十分灵活的报警方式。

1.2.5 常用的exporter

prometheus不同于zabbix，没有agent，使用的是针对不同服务的exporter

正常情况下，监控k8s集群及node，pod，常用的exporter有四个：

1.部署kube-state-metrics
我调度了多少个 replicas？现在可用的有几个？
多少个 Pod 是 running/stopped/terminated 状态？
Pod 重启了多少次？
我有多少 job 在运行中?
而这些则是 kube-state-metrics 提供的内容，它基于 client-go 开发，轮询 Kubernetes API，并将 Kubernetes的结构化信息转换为metrics。

#1.官网：我们k8s集群是1.22.x版本，所以选择v2.2.4，具体版本对应看官网
https://github.com/kubernetes/kube-state-metrics
https://github.com/kubernetes/kube-state-metrics/tree/v2.2.4/examples/standard

#注意：里面存放的是我们的yaml文件，自己去下载安装

#2.下载并推送到我们私有镜像仓库harbor上
[root@k8s-node01 ~]# mkdir /k8s-yaml/kube-state-metrics -p
[root@k8s-node01 ~]# cd /k8s-yaml/kube-state-metrics
[root@k8s-master01 kube-state-metrics]# ls
cluster-role-binding.yaml  cluster-role.yaml  deployment.yaml  service-account.yaml service.yaml
#这里需要上传或者下载需要的镜像到每个节点
#3.创建资源
[root@k8s-master01 kube-state-metrics]# kubectl create -f .

#4.验证测试
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide |grep kube-state-metrics
[root@k8s-master01 kube-state-metrics]# curl 172.161.125.55:8080/healthz
OK
2.部署node-exporter
node-exporter是监控node的，需要每个节点启动一个，所以使用ds控制器
# 官网地址：https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter
作用：将宿主机的/proc   system  目录挂载给容器,是容器能获取node节点宿主机信息
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker pull prom/node-exporter:latest
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# mkdir -p /k8s-yaml/node-exporter/
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cd /k8s-yaml/node-exporter/
[root@k8s-master01 node-exporter]# vim node-exporter-ds.yaml 
[root@k8s-master01 node-exporter]# cat node-exporter-ds.yaml 
kind: DaemonSet
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  name: node-exporter
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    daemon: "node-exporter"
    grafanak8sapp: "true"
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      daemon: "node-exporter"
      grafanak8sapp: "true"
  template:
    metadata:
      name: node-exporter
      labels:
        daemon: "node-exporter"
        grafanak8sapp: "true"
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: node-exporter
        image: prom/node-exporter:latest
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        args:
        - --path.procfs=/host_proc
        - --path.sysfs=/host_sys
        ports:
        - name: node-exporter
          hostPort: 9100
          containerPort: 9100
          protocol: TCP
        volumeMounts:
        - name: sys
          readOnly: true
          mountPath: /host_sys
        - name: proc
          readOnly: true
          mountPath: /host_proc
      imagePullSecrets:
      - name: harbor
      restartPolicy: Always
      hostNetwork: true
      volumes:
      - name: proc
        hostPath: 
          path: /proc
          type: ""
      - name: sys
        hostPath:
          path: /sys
          type: "
[root@k8s-master01 node-exporter]# kubectl apply -f node-exporter-ds.yaml
3. 部署cadvisor

收集k8s集群docker容器内部使用资源信息 blackbox-exporte
收集k8s集群docker容器服务是否存活

该exporter是通过和kubelet交互，取到Pod运行时的资源消耗情况，并将接口暴露给Prometheus。

  • cadvisor由于要获取每个node上的pod信息，因此也需要使用daemonset方式运行

  • cadvisor采用daemonset方式运行在node节点上，通过污点的方式排除master

  • 同时将部分宿主机目录挂载到本地，如docker的数据目录

#官网地址：https://github.com/google/cadvisor
https://github.com/google/cadvisor/tree/v0.42.0/deploy/kubernetes/base
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# mkdir /k8s-yaml/cadvisor && cd /k8s-yaml/cadvisor
[root@k8s-master01 cadvisor]# cat ds.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: cadvisor
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    app: cadvisor
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: cadvisor
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: cadvisor
    spec:
      hostNetwork: true
#------pod的tolerations与node的Taints配合,做POD指定调度----
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule
#-------------------------------------
      containers:
      - name: cadvisor
        image: gcr.io/cadvisor/cadvisor:v0.39.0
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        volumeMounts:
        - name: rootfs
          mountPath: /rootfs
          readOnly: true
        - name: var-run
          mountPath: /var/run
        - name: sys
          mountPath: /sys
          readOnly: true
        - name: docker
          mountPath: /var/lib/docker
          readOnly: true
        ports:
          - name: http
            containerPort: 4194
            protocol: TCP
        readinessProbe:
          tcpSocket:
            port: 4194
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          periodSeconds: 10
        args:
          - --housekeeping_interval=10s
          - --port=4194
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: rootfs
        hostPath:
          path: /
      - name: var-run
        hostPath:
          path: /var/run
      - name: sys
        hostPath:
          path: /sys
      - name: docker
        hostPath:
          path: /data/docker

#修改运算节点软连接 （所有node节点）
#1.node01修改
[root@k8s-node01 ~]# mount -o remount,rw /sys/fs/cgroup/
[root@k8s-node01 ~]# ln -s /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct/ /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct,cpu
[root@k8s-node01 ~]# ll /sys/fs/cgroup/ | grep cpu

#2.node02修改
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# mount -o remount,rw /sys/fs/cgroup/
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# ln -s /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct/ /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct,cpu
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# ll /sys/fs/cgroup/ | grep cpu
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Nov 17 13:41 cpu -> cpu,cpuacct
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Nov 17 13:41 cpuacct -> cpu,cpuacct
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Dec 19 01:52 cpuacct,cpu -> /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct/
dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root  0 Nov 17 13:41 cpu,cpuacct
dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root  0 Nov 17 13:41 cpuset

#注：这一步只是将原本的可读更改为了可读，可写
[root@k8s-master01 cadvisor]# kubectl apply -f daemonset.yaml 
daemonset.apps/cadvisor created
#镜像需要获得，课程中已经配置了镜像地址直接下载就好
[root@k8s-master01 cadvisor]# kubectl -n kube-system get pod -o wide|grep cadvisor
cadvisor-29nv5  1/1     Running   0  2m17s   192.168.1.112    k8s-master02   
cadvisor-lnpwj  1/1     Running   0  2m17s   192.168.1.114    k8s-node01     
cadvisor-wmr57  1/1     Running   0  2m17s   192.168.1.111    k8s-master01   
cadvisor-zcz78  1/1     Running   0  2m17s   192.168.1.115    k8s-node02

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# netstat -luntp|grep 4194
tcp6       0      0 :::4194
4 部署blackbox-exporter 黑盒监控

Prometheus 官方提供的 exporter 之一，可以提供 http、dns、tcp、icmp 的监控数据采集

官方github地址：https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter
https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/tree/v0.18.0/config/testdata
  • 准备工作目录
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# docker pull prom/blackbox-exporter:v0.18.0
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# mkdir -p /k8s-yaml/blackbox-exporter && cd /k8s-yaml/blackbox-exporter
  • 资源清单创建
[root@k8s-master01 blackbox-exporter]# vim blackbox-exporter-configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  labels:
    app: blackbox-exporter
  name: blackbox-exporter
  namespace: kube-system
data:
  blackbox.yml: |-
    modules:
      http_2xx:
        prober: http
        timeout: 2s
        http:
          valid_http_versions: ["HTTP/1.1", "HTTP/2"]
          valid_status_codes: [200,301,302,404]
          method: GET
          preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4"
      tcp_connect:
        prober: tcp
        timeout: 2s
        
[root@k8s-master01 blackbox-exporter]# vim blackbox-exporter-deployment.yaml
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  name: blackbox-exporter
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    app: blackbox-exporter
  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/replicationcontroller: Deployment
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: blackbox-exporter
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: blackbox-exporter
    spec:
      volumes:
      - name: config
        configMap:
          name: blackbox-exporter
          defaultMode: 420
      containers:
      - name: blackbox-exporter
        image: prom/blackbox-exporter:v0.18.0
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        args:
        - --config.file=/etc/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml
        - --log.level=info
        - --web.listen-address=:9115
        ports:
        - name: blackbox-port
          containerPort: 9115
          protocol: TCP
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 200m
            memory: 256Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 50Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: config
          mountPath: /etc/blackbox_exporter
        readinessProbe:
          tcpSocket:
            port: 9115
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          timeoutSeconds: 5
          periodSeconds: 10
          successThreshold: 1
          failureThreshold: 3

[root@k8s-master01 blackbox-exporter]# vim blackbox-exporter-service.yaml
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: blackbox-exporter
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    app: blackbox-exporter
  ports:
    - name: blackbox-port
      port: 9115
      targetPort: 9115
      nodePort: 10015
      protocol: TCP

#说明：这里也可以使用ingress-nginx进行转发
[root@k8s-master01 blackbox-exporter]# kubectl create -f .
configmap/blackbox-exporter created
deployment.apps/blackbox-exporter created
service/blackbox-exporter created
[root@k8s-master01 blackbox-exporter]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system
NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS        AGE
blackbox-exporter-59fd868bfc-j4nfv         1/1     Running   0               2m37s
[root@k8s-master01 blackbox-exporter]# kubectl get svc -n kube-system
NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                 
blackbox-exporter    NodePort    10.100.192.71   <none>        9115:10015/TCP          

#如果在创建的时候提示端口区间则去修改集群端口或者更改成30000以上的端口比如说30015
#然后浏览器去访问我们的IP:10015
[root@k8s-master01 blackbox-exporter]# curl 192.168.1.114:10015
..........
    <h1>Blackbox Exporter</h1>
..........
[root@k8s-master01 blackbox-exporter]#

image-20211221220542271

2、部署prometheus server

2.1 准备prometheus server环境
官方dockerhub地址：https://hub.docker.com/r/prom/prometheus
官方github地址：https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus
https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tree/v2.32.0/config/testdata
当前最新版：2.32.0
#1.准备目录
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# mkdir /k8s-yaml/prometheus-server && cd /k8s-yaml/prometheus-server
  • 1.资源清单rabc
[root@k8s-master01 prometheus-server]# vim rbac.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
  name: prometheus
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  labels:
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
  name: prometheus
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  - nodes/metrics
  - services
  - endpoints
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - configmaps
  verbs:
  - get
- nonResourceURLs:
  - /metrics
  verbs:
  - get
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
  name: prometheus
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: prometheus
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: prometheus
  namespace: kube-system
2.2.准备deploment资源清单

--web.enable-lifecycle 启用远程热加载配置文件,配置文件改变后不用重启prometheus

curl -X POST http://localhost:9090/-/reload

storage.tsdb.min-block-duration=10m 只加载10分钟数据

storage.tsdb.retention=72h 保留72小时数据

[root@k8s-master01 prometheus-server]# vim depoyment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  annotations:
    deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "5"
  labels:
    name: prometheus
  name: prometheus
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  progressDeadlineSeconds: 600
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 7
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: prometheus
  strategy:
    rollingUpdate:
      maxSurge: 1
      maxUnavailable: 1
    type: RollingUpdate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus
    spec:
      hostAliases:
      - ip: "192.168.1.111"
        hostnames:
        - "k8s-master01"
      - ip: "192.168.1.112"
        hostnames:
        - "k8s-master02"
      - ip: "192.168.1.114"
        hostnames:
        - "k8s-node01"
        hostnames:
      - ip: "192.168.1.115"
        hostnames:
        - "k8s-node02"
      containers:
      - name: prometheus
        image: prom/prometheus:v2.32.0
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        command:
        - /bin/prometheus
        args:
        - --config.file=/data/etc/prometheus.yaml
        #- --storage.tsdb.path=/data/prom-db
        - --storage.tsdb.min-block-duration=10m
        - --storage.tsdb.retention=72h
        - --web.enable-lifecycle
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
          protocol: TCP
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /data/
          name: data
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "1000m"
            memory: "1.5Gi"
          limits:
            cpu: "2000m"
            memory: "3Gi"
      imagePullSecrets:
      - name: harbor
      securityContext:
        runAsUser: 0
      serviceAccountName: prometheus
      volumes:
      - name: data
        nfs:
          path: /data/nfs-volume/prometheus/
          server: 192.168.1.115

#注意这里要在某一台机器上创建nfs存储，这里我是在192.168.1.115  k8s-node02创建的(生产环境可以使用其它比如说glusterfs存储都可以)
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# yum install nfs-utils -y
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# mkdir -p /data/nfs-volume/prometheus/
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# mkdir -p /data/nfs-volume/prometheus/etc
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# mkdir -p /data/nfs-volume/prometheus/prom-db
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# cat /etc/exports
/data/nfs-volume/prometheus/ * (rw,fsid=0,sync)
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# systemctl start nfs-server
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# systemctl enable nfs-server
  • 准备svc资源清单(准备完了service也可以使用ingress-nginx的方式配置域名访问，这里我没配置)
[root@k8s-master01 prometheus-server]# vim service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: prometheus
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 9090
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 9090
    nodePort: 10090
  selector:
    app: prometheus

#在master创建资源文件
[root@k8s-master01 prometheus-server]# kubectl create -f .
  • 创建prometheus配置文件 注意：因为设置了共享，所以文件创建在nfs 192.168.1.115这台机器

配置文件:

[root@k8s-node02 ~]# cd /data/nfs-volume/prometheus/etc/
[root@k8s-node02 etc]# cat prometheus.yaml 
global:
  scrape_interval:     15s
  evaluation_interval: 15s
scrape_configs:
- job_name: 'kubernetes-apiservers'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: endpoints
  scheme: https
  tls_config:
    ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
  bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
  relabel_configs:
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
    action: keep
    regex: default;kubernetes;https
    
- job_name: 'kubernetes-pods'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: pod
  relabel_configs:
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
    action: keep
    regex: true
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
    action: replace
    target_label: __metrics_path__
    regex: (.+)
  - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
    action: replace
    regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
    replacement: $1:$2
    target_label: __address__
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_namespace
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
    
- job_name: 'kubernetes-kubelet'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: node
  relabel_configs:
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
    regex: (.+)
    target_label: __address__
    replacement: ${1}:10015
    
- job_name: 'kubernetes-cadvisor'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: node
  relabel_configs:
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
    regex: (.+)
    target_label: __address__
    replacement: ${1}:4194
    
- job_name: 'kubernetes-kube-state'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: pod
  relabel_configs:
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_namespace
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_label_grafanak8sapp]
    regex: .*true.*
    action: keep
  - source_labels: ['__meta_kubernetes_pod_label_daemon', '__meta_kubernetes_pod_node_name']
    regex: 'node-exporter;(.*)'
    action: replace
    target_label: nodename
    
- job_name: 'blackbox_http_pod_probe'
  metrics_path: /probe
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: pod
  params:
    module: [http_2xx]
  relabel_configs:
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_blackbox_scheme]
    action: keep
    regex: http
  - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_blackbox_port,  __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_blackbox_path]
    action: replace
    regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+);(.+)
    replacement: $1:$2$3
    target_label: __param_target
  - action: replace
    target_label: __address__
    replacement: blackbox-exporter.kube-system:9115
  - source_labels: [__param_target]
    target_label: instance
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_namespace
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
    
- job_name: 'blackbox_tcp_pod_probe'
  metrics_path: /probe
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: pod
  params:
    module: [tcp_connect]
  relabel_configs:
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_blackbox_scheme]
    action: keep
    regex: tcp
  - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_blackbox_port]
    action: replace
    regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
    replacement: $1:$2
    target_label: __param_target
  - action: replace
    target_label: __address__
    replacement: blackbox-exporter.kube-system:9115
  - source_labels: [__param_target]
    target_label: instance
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_namespace
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
    
- job_name: 'traefik'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: pod
  relabel_configs:
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
    action: keep
    regex: traefik
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
    action: replace
    target_label: __metrics_path__
    regex: (.+)
  - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
    action: replace
    regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
    replacement: $1:$2
    target_label: __address__
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_namespace
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
  • 启动Prometheus
[root@k8s-master01 prometheus-server]# ls
depoyment.yaml  rbac.yaml  service.yaml
[root@k8s-master01 prometheus-server]# kubectl apply -f .
2.3 浏览器验证

访问192.168.1.114:10090 ,如果能成功访问的话,表示启动成功

点击status->configuration就是我们的配置文件

img

  • 2.4使服务能被prometheus自动监控

点击status->targets，展示的就是我们在prometheus.yml中配置的job-name，这些targets基本可以满足我们收集数据的需求。

4个编号的job-name已经被发现并获取数据。

思考：如何将应用pod等监控进来

3.grafana部署

官方dockerhub地址：https://hub.docker.com/r/grafana/grafana
官方github地址：https://github.com/grafana/grafana
grafana官网：https://grafana.com/

#首先需要创建共享存储目录 192.168.1.115
[root@k8s-node02 grafana]# cat /etc/exports
/data/nfs-volume/prometheus/ * (rw,fsid=0,sync)
/data/nfs/grafana/ * (rw,sync)
[root@k8s-node02 grafana]# mkdir /data/nfs/grafana/ -p
[root@k8s-node02 grafana]# systemctl restart nfs

#创建grafana需要的yaml文件
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# mkdir /k8s-yaml/grafana && cd /k8s-yaml/grafana
[root@k8s-master01 grafana]# vim grafana.yaml
[root@k8s-master01 grafana]# cat grafana.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: grafana
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    app: grafana
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: grafana
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: grafana
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: grafana
        image: grafana/grafana:latest
        ports:
        - containerPort: 3000
        volumeMounts:
---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: grafana-svc
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 3000
    targetPort: 3000
    nodePort: 3303
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    app: grafana
    
[root@k8s-master01 grafana]# kubectl create -f grafana.yaml 
deployment.apps/grafana created
service/grafana-svc created
[root@k8s-master01 grafana]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system |grep grafana
grafana-6dc6566c6b-44wsw                   1/1     Running       0               22s

11074 11670   8588
posted @ 2021-12-22 16:16  老王教你学Linux  阅读(391)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报