python3.4 + Django1.7.7 表单的一些问题
上面是没有调用cleaned_data的提交结果，可见模版直接把form里面的整个标签都接收过来了
下面是调用cleaned_data 的结果
django 的表单，提交上来之后是这样的：
#coding： gb2312
from django import forms
class ContactForm(forms.Form):
subject = forms.CharField(max_length=10,label='subject')#设置最大长度为10
email = forms.EmailField(required=False,label='Email')#非必要字段
message = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea,label='message')#指定form中组件的类型
#自定义校验规则，该方法在校验时被系统自动调用，次序在“字段约束”之后
def clean_message(self):
message = self.cleaned_data['message']#能到此处说明数据符合“字段约束”要求
num_words = len(message.split())
if num_words < 1:#单词个数
raise forms.ValidationError("your word is too short!")
return message
比如下面这句：
email = forms.EmailField(required=False,label='Email')#非必要字段
其实可以作为非必要字段，required=False
由于调用form.cleaned_data#只有各个字段都符合要求时才有对应的cleaned_data，之前好像必须得：
if form.is_valid():#说明各个字段的输入值都符合要求
所以上述字段required=False，在测试东西或者自己写东西，等安全性不高的场合就比较必要了
#coding： gb2312
from django.http import HttpResponse
import datetime,calendar
import time
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template import Context
from django.template.loader import get_template
from django.http import HttpResponse, Http404
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from django.contrib.auth import logout
from django.template import RequestContext
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.shortcuts import redirect
#from django import form
from django.shortcuts import render
from .forms import ContactForm
#from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
#from django_manage_app.forms import ContactForm
def current_datetime(request):
now = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S',time.localtime(time.time()))
html = '<html><body>It is now %s.</body></html>' %now
return HttpResponse(html)
def show_readme(request):
if request.method == 'POST':#提交请求时才会访问这一段，首次访问页面时不会执行
form = ContactForm(request.POST)
print (form['subject'])
print (form['email'])
print (form['message'])
print ("show ----------------")
#“首次访问”和“提交的信息不符合要求”时被调用
return render_to_response('show.html', {'form': form})
def contact_author(request):
if request.method == 'POST':#提交请求时才会访问这一段，首次访问页面时不会执行
form = ContactForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():#说明各个字段的输入值都符合要求
cd = form.cleaned_data#只有各个字段都符合要求时才有对应的cleaned_data
#print (form.cleaned_data())
print (cd['subject'])
print (cd['email'])
print (cd['message'])
#return render_to_response('contact_author.html', {'form': form})
#return redirect(reverse('','show_readme.html'))
#return HttpResponseRedirect('/thanks/')
return render_to_response('show_readme.html', {'form': cd})
#此处逻辑应该是先生成新的预览页面，再保存为txt
#return response
else:#首次访问该url时没有post任何表单
form = ContactForm()#第一次生成的form里面内容的格式
print (form)
print (form.is_valid())
#“首次访问”和“提交的信息不符合要求”时被调用
return render_to_response('contact_author.html', {'form': form})
#return render_to_response('show.html', {'form': form})
def thanks(request):
return render_to_response('thanks.html')
def download_file(request):
#from django.http import HttpResponse
## CSV
#import csv
#response = HttpResponse(mimetype='text/csv')
#response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=my.csv'
#writer = csv.writer(response)
#writer.writerow(['First row', 'Foo', 'Bar', 'Baz'])
#writer.writerow(['Second row', 'A', 'B', 'C', '"Testing"', "Here's a quote"])
# Text file
response = HttpResponse(content_type='text/plain')
response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=my.txt'
response.write("aa\n")
response.write("bb")
# PDF file
#http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/branches/0.95-bugfixes/docs/outputting_pdf.txt
#from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas #need pip ind
#response = HttpResponse()#)mimetype='application/pdf')
#response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=somefilename.pdf'
#p = canvas.Canvas(response)
#p.drawString(100, 100, "Hello world.")
#p.showPage()
#p.save()
#response = HttpResponse()
fout=open("mysite//test.txt","wt")
str = "hello world"
fout.write(str)
fout.close()
#response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=test.txt'
data = open("mysite//test.txt", "rb").read()
html = '<html><body>%s</body></html>' %str
return response#HttpResponse(data, content_type="text/plain")
提交给模版的html：
<html>
<style type="text/css">
.field{
background-color:#BCD8F5;
}
</style>
<head>
<title>show readme</title>
</head>
<body>
<!<div class="field">
{{ form.subject }}
{{ form.email }}
{{ form.message }}
<!</div>
</body>
</html>
Django本身内建有一些app，例如注释系统和自动管理界面。
app的一个关键点是它们是很容易移植到其他project和被多个project复用。
对于如何架构Django代码并没有快速成套的规则。
如果你只是建造一个简单的Web站点，那么可能你只需要一个app就可以了；
但如果是一个包含许多不相关的模块的复杂的网站，
例如电子商务和社区之类的站点，那么你可能需要把这些模块划分成不同的app，以便以后复用。
数据库模型有有效性验证
C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\Django-1.7.1-py2.7.egg\django\bin\mysite>python manage.py sqlall books
CommandError: App 'books' has migrations. Only the sqlmigrate and sqlflush commands can be used when an app has migrations.
此时需要输入如下部分即可
C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\Django-1.7.1-py2.7.egg\django\bin\mysite>python manage.py makemigrations
C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\Django-1.7.1-py2.7.egg\django\bin\mysite>python manage.py migrate
若上述问题依旧：
Since there is still a bit of backwards compatibility with django 1.6 and below you can still use the sql commands from django-admin. However, you have to delete the migrations folder first.
To get the create statements you need to remove the migrations folder
直接删除books app下面的migrations文件夹
