requests接口测试

1:介绍

requests是一个很实用的Python HTTP客户端库,编写爬虫和测试服务器响应数据时经常会用到,

Requests是Python语言的第三方的库,专门用于发送HTTP请求

2:安装

在cmd窗口或者prcharm的命令行输入:

pip install requests

3:get的请求

  3.1:GET无参请求

r  = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com')

 

  3.2:GET传参

payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': None}
r = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com ', params=payload)

代码

import requests
class UseRequestClass():
        #get传参的第一种方式
    def XWTTMethod(self):
        r = requests.get("http://v.juhe.cn/toutiao/index?type=guonei&key=4b72107de3a197b3bafd9adacf685790")
        print(r.text)
    #get传参的第二种方式
    def XWTTMethod(self):
        params = {"type":"guonei","key":"4b72107de3a197b3bafd9adacf685790"}
        r = requests.get("http://v.juhe.cn/toutiao/index",params=params)
        print(r.text)

4:post请求

类似python中的表单提交

格式

 payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
 r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)

代码

import requests
class UseRequestClass():
    def XWTTPostMethod(self):
        params = {"type":"guonei","key":"4b72107de3a197b3bafd9adacf685790"}
        r = requests.post("http://v.juhe.cn/toutiao/index",params=params)
        #print(r.status_code)
        return r.status_code

5:Requests响应

r.status_code        响应状态码
r.heards             响应头
r.cookies            响应cookies
r.text               响应文本
r. encoding          当前编码
r. content            以字节形式(二进制)返回

最常用的是根据响应状态码判断接口是否连通,经常用于做接口中断言判断

6:Request扩充

1:添加等待时间
requests.get(url,timeout=1)          #超过等待时间则报错
2:添加请求头信息
requests.get(url,headers=headers)    #设置请求头
3:添加文件
requests.post(url, files=files)      #添加文件

文件传输

url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
files = {'file': open('report.xls', 'rb')}
r = requests.post(url, files=files)

7:requests+pytest+allure

  7.1:流程如下

读取文件中的数据
requests拿到数据请求接口返回状态码
通过断言验证返回状态码和200对比
生成allure的测试报告

  7.2:模块总览

dataDemo(存放数据)>> readDemo(读取数据)
useRequests(发送请求)>>testDemo(生成报告)

 

 

 

  7.3:读取csv文件流程

    7.3.1:存储数据(csv)

 

 

 

 

 

 

    7.3.2:读取数据(readDemo)

代码展示

import csv
class ReadCsv():
    def readCsv(self):
        item = []
        rr = csv.reader(open("../dataDemo/123.csv"))
        for csv_i in rr:
            item.append(csv_i)
        item = item[1:]
        return item

    7.3.3:request请求接口返回状态码

 

 

 

 

 

 

 代码

import requests
from readdatademo.readcsv import ReadCsv
rcsv = ReadCsv()
ee = rcsv.readCsv()
# print(ee)
class RequestsCsvClass():
    def requestsMethod(self):
        item = []
        for csv_i in ee:
            if csv_i[2] =="get":
                r = requests.get(csv_i[0],params=csv_i[1])
                item.append(r.status_code)
            else:
                r = requests.post(csv_i[0],data=csv_i[1])
                item.append(r.status_code)
        return item

rcc = RequestsCsvClass()
print(rcc.requestsMethod())

    7.3.4:pytest断言设置并结合allure生成测试报告

 

 

 

 代码展示

import pytest,allure,os
from requestsDemo.requestscsv import RequestsCsvClass
rcc = RequestsCsvClass()
e = rcc.requestsMethod()
class TestClass():
    def test001(self):
        for csv_i in e:
            assert csv_i == 200
if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(['--alluredir', 'report/result', 'test_001csv.py'])
    split = 'allure ' + 'generate ' + './report/result ' + '-o ' + './report/html ' + '--clean'
    os.system(split)

7.3.5:测试报告展示

生成的html文档

 

 

 网页打开

 

 

 

    7.4:读取excle文件流程

      7.4.1:存储数据(xlsx)

 

可以在桌面创建然后复制到data里

 

 

      7.4.2:读取数据(readDemo)

 

 代码展示

 

from openpyxl import load_workbook
class UseExcel():
    def get_TestExcel(self):
        # 打开表
        workbook = load_workbook(r'C:\Users\00\Desktop\Python\requests0302\dataDemo/234.xlsx')
        # 定位表单
        sheet = workbook['Sheet1']
        #print(sheet.max_row)     #3 行
        #print(sheet.max_column)  #3 列
        test_data = []#把所有行的数据放到列表中
        for i in range(2,sheet.max_row+1):
            sub_data = {}#把每行的数据放到字典中
            for j in range(1,sheet.max_column+1):
                sub_data[sheet.cell(1,j).value] = sheet.cell(i,j).value
            test_data.append(sub_data)#拼接每行单元格的数据
        return test_data
# t = UseExcel()
# print(t.get_TestExcel())
# f = t.get_TestExcel()
# print(f)t = UseExcel()
# # f = t.get_TestExcel()
# # print(f)

      7.4.3:request请求接口返回状态码

 

 代码展示

from readdatademo.readexcel import UseExcel
import requests
ue = UseExcel()
ee = ue.get_TestExcel()
class RequestsClass():
    def requestsMethod(self):
        item = []
        for excel_i in ee:
            if excel_i["method"] =="get":
                r = requests.get(excel_i["url"],params=excel_i["params"])
                item.append(r.status_code)
            else:
                r = requests.post(excel_i["url"],data=excel_i["params"])
                item.append(r.status_code)
        return item
qc = RequestsClass()
print(qc.requestsMethod())

      

    7.4.4:pytest断言设置并结合allure生成测试报告

 

 代码展示

import pytest,allure,os
from requestsDemo.requestsexcel import RequestsClass
qc = RequestsClass()
ee = qc.requestsMethod()
class TestExcelClass():
    def test001(self):
        for excel_i in ee:
            assert excel_i == 200
if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(["-s", "-q", '--alluredir', 'report/result', 'test_002excel.py'])
    # 将测试报告转为html格式
    split = 'allure ' + 'generate ' + './report/result ' + '-o ' + './report/html ' + '--clean'
    os.system(split)

 

posted @ 2021-03-02 17:02  Python从入门到放弃o  阅读(318)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报