Python基本数据类型（练习题）

一、元素分类

有如下值集合 [11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,90...]，将所有大于 66 的值保存至字典的第一个key中，将小于 66 的值保存至第二个key的值中。
即： {'k1': 大于66的所有值, 'k2': 小于66的所有值}

# 方法一：
a = [11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,90,]
l1 = []
l2 = []
for i in a:
    if i < 66:
        l1.append(i)
    elif i > 66:
        l2.append(i)
    else:
        continue
temp = {"k1":l1,"k2":l2}
print(temp)
{'k1': [11, 22, 33, 44, 55], 'k2': [77, 88, 99, 90]}

# 方法二：
a = [11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,90,]
dic = {"k1":[],"k2":[]}

for i in a:
    if i < 66:
        dic['k1'].append(i)
    elif i > 66:
        dic['k2'].append(i)
    else:
        continue
print(dic)
{'k1': [11, 22, 33, 44, 55], 'k2': [77, 88, 99, 90]}

二、查找

查找列表中元素，移除每个元素的空格，并查找以 a或A开头 并且以 c 结尾的所有元素。

    li = ["alec", " aric", "Alex", "Tony", "rain"]

    tu = ("alec", " aric", "Alex", "Tony", "rain") 

    dic = {'k1': "alex", 'k2': ' aric',  "k3": "Alex", "k4": "Tony"}

###第一种方式
li = ["alec", " aric", "Alex", "Tony", "rain"]
for i in li:
    new_i = i.strip()
    ###if判断的顺序，从前到后，或者加括号
    if (new_i.startswith('a') or new_i.startswith('A')) and  new_i.endswith('c'):
        print(i)
alec
 aric

###第二种方式
li = ["alec", " aric", "Alex", "Tony", "rain"]
for i in li:
    new_i = i.strip()
    if new_i.endswith('c'):
    if new_i.startswith('a') or new_i.startswith('A'):
          print(i)
alec
 aric

tu = ("alec", " aric", "Alex", "Tony", "rain")
for i in tu:
    new_i = i.strip()
    # if判断的顺序，从前到后，或者加括号

    if (new_i.startswith('a') or new_i.startswith('A')) and new_i.endswith('c'):
        print(i)

alec
aric

dic = {'k1': "alex", 'k2': ' aric',  "k3": "Alex", "k4": "Tony"}
for i in dic.values():
    new_i = i.strip()
    # if判断的顺序，从前到后，或者加括号

if (new_i.startswith('a') or new_i.startswith('A')) and new_i.endswith('c'): 

print(i)
 aric

三、输出商品列表，用户输入序号，显示用户选中的商品

    商品 li = ["手机", "电脑", '鼠标垫', '游艇']

 

#####方法一#########
li = ["手机", "电脑", '鼠标垫', '游艇']
for i,j in enumerate(li):
    print(i+1,j)
num = input('num:')
#索引
num = int(num)
good = li[num-1]
print(good)
1 手机
2 电脑
3 鼠标垫
4 游艇
num:1
手机

#######方法二#######
li = ["手机", "电脑", '鼠标垫', '游艇']
for i,j in enumerate(li,1):
    print(i,j)
num = input('num:')
#索引
num = int(num)
len_li = len(li)
if num > 0 and num <= len_li:
    good = li[num-1]
    print(good)
else:
    print("商品不存在！")

四、购物车

功能要求：

• 要求用户输入总资产，例如：2000
• 显示商品列表，让用户根据序号选择商品，加入购物车
• 购买，如果商品总额大于总资产，提示账户余额不足，否则，购买成功。
• 附加：可充值、某商品移除购物车

goods = [
    {"name": "电脑", "price": 1999},
    {"name": "鼠标", "price": 10},
    {"name": "游艇", "price": 20},
    {"name": "美女", "price": 998},
]

 

##方式一：

asset_all = 0
car_dict = {
    "电脑":{'price':"单个商品价格","num":"购买数量"}
}
cat_list = []
i1 = input("请输入总资产:")
asset_all = int(i1)

goods = [
    {"name": "电脑", "price": 1999},
    {"name": "鼠标", "price": 10},
    {"name": "游艇", "price": 20},
    {"name": "美女", "price": 998},
]

for i in goods:
    #i,每一个列表的元素，字典
    print(i['name'],i['price'])

while True:
    i2 = input('请选择商品(Y/y结算)）:')
    if i2.lower() == "y":
        break
    for j in goods:
        if j['name'] == i2:
            #j = {"name":"电脑"，”price”: 1999},
            #print(j)
            cat_list.append(j)

#结算
# print(cat_list)
all_price = 0
for item in cat_list:
    p = item['price']
    all_price = all_price + p
print(asset_all,all_price)
if all_price > asset_all:
    print('超出预算')
else:
    print("购买成功")

输出内容：
请输入总资产:4000
电脑 1999
鼠标 10
游艇 20
美女 998
请选择商品(Y/y结算)）:电脑
请选择商品(Y/y结算)）:鼠标
请选择商品(Y/y结算)）:y
4000 2009
购买成功

 

#方式二：
asset_all = 0
i1 = input("请输入总资产：")
asset_all = int(i1)

goods = [
    {"name": "电脑", "price": 1999},
    {"name": "鼠标", "price": 10},
    {"name": "游艇", "price": 20},
    {"name": "美女", "price": 998},
]

for i in goods:
    # {"name": "电脑", "price": 1999}
    print(i['name'],i['price'])
car_dict = {}
# car_dict = {
#     "电脑":{'price':单价, num:123}
# }
while True:
    i2 = input("请选择商品(Y/y结算)：")
    if i2.lower() == "y":
        break
    #循环所有的商品，找到需要的商品
    for item in goods:
        if item['name'] == i2:
            # item = {"name": "电脑", "price": 1999}
            name = item['name']
            # 判断购物车是否已经有商品，有，num + 1
            if name in car_dict.keys():
                #pass
                car_dict[name]['num'] = cat_dict[name]['num'] + 1
            else:
                car_dict[name] = {"num":1,'single_price':item['price']}

all_price = 0
for k,v in car_dict.items():
    n = v['single_price']
    m = v['num']
    all_sum = m * n
    all_price = all_price + all_sum
if all_price > asset_all:
    print("预算不足")
else:
    print("购买成功")

输出内容：
请输入总资产：2000
电脑 1999
鼠标 10
游艇 20
美女 998
请选择商品(Y/y结算)：电脑
请选择商品(Y/y结算)：游艇
请选择商品(Y/y结算)：y
预算不足

 

 五、用户交互，显示省市县三级联动的选择

dic = {
    "河北": {
        "石家庄": ["鹿泉", "藁城", "元氏"],
        "邯郸": ["永年", "涉县", "磁县"],
    }
    "河南": {
        ...
    }
    "山西": {
        ...
    }
 
}

dic = {
    "河北":{
        "石家庄":["鹿泉","藁城","元氏"],
        "邯郸":["永年","涉县","磁县"],
    },
    "河南":{
        "郑州":["金水区","惠济区","上街区"],
        "开封":["龙亭区","鼓楼区","祥符区"],
    },
    "山西":{
        "大同":["矿区","南郊区","大同县"],
        "临汾":["尧都区","襄汾县","浮山县"],
    },
}

# 循环输出所有的省
for i in dic:
    print(i)
i1 = input("请输入省份:")
a = dic[i1]
for j in a:
    print(j)
###循环输出所有的市
i2 = input("请输入市:")
b = dic[i1][i2]
for z in b:
    print(z)

输出内容；
河北
河南
山西
请输入省份:河北
邯郸
石家庄
请输入市:石家庄
鹿泉
藁城
元氏