Squid 反向代理服务器配置


简介:

Squid 反向代理常用于服务器端,客户端访问 Squid 代理服务器的 80 端口,Squid 代理服务器根据配置去请求后端的 web 服务器,

然后将请求到的信息保存在本地并回传给客户端,当又有客户端请求相同资源时,Squid 代理服务器直接将缓存中的信息回传给客户端。

一、安装 Squid

shell > ulimit -n  # 默认打开文件描述符为 1024 ,要增大它
1024
shell > vim /etc/security/limits.conf

* - nofile 65535

## 定义单个用户的最大打开文件数为 65535 ,要重启服务器生效 ,如果线上服务器不方便重启,那么就使用 ulimit -n 65535 来临时修改

shell > vim /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=enforcing  # 将 enforcing 改为 disabled ,同样要重启服务器生效,不方便的话可以使用 setenforce 0 来临时关闭 SELinux

shell > reboot

shell > ulimit -n
65535

shell > getenforce
Disabled

## 再次确认已经修改成功

shell > yum -y install squid

shell > rpm -qa squid
squid-3.1.10-29.el6.x86_64

二、配置反向代理

shell > mkdir /opt/squid_cache  # 创建缓存目录

shell > chown -R squid.squid /opt/squid_cache  # 更改属主、属组

shell > > /etc/squid/squid.conf  # 清空默认配置文件

shell > vim /etc/squid/squid.conf

cache_effective_user squid
cache_effective_group squid

## 启动 Squid 用户、组

http_port 192.168.1.88:80 accel vhost

## 将端口监听在 192.168.1.88 上,accel 指加速模式,vhost 用于转发请求

dns_nameservers 8.8.8.8

## 为了使 Squid 能解析域名需定义真实 DNS 地址

visible_hostname study.localhost.localdomain

## 计算机名,可以为 IP 地址,用于错误页面的显示

cache_mgr wangxiaoqiang888@163.com

## 管理员邮箱地址,用于错误页面上的显示

cache_mem 300 MB

## 内存缓存大小,指定可以使用多少物理内存作为高速缓存。如果此服务器就是专门的缓存服务器,可以指定为物理内存的一半。否则不应大于三分之一

cache_dir ufs /opt/squid_cache 4096 16 256

## 缓存目录大小为 4G ,这个可以按实际磁盘大小来定,有 16 二级目录,每个二级目录下有 256 个子目录

maximum_object_size 4 MB

## 最大缓存文件大小为 4MB ,超过的直接传给用户,不作缓存

cache_access_log /var/log/squid/access.log

## 访问日志文件路径,记录了用户访问 Internet 的详细信息,可以查看每用户的上网记录

cache_log /var/log/squid/cache.log

## 缓存日志文件路径,记录了缓存相关的日志信息

cache_store_log /var/log/squid/store.log

## 网页缓存日志文件路径,记录了网页在缓存中调用情况

logfile_rotate 7

## 日志轮转,7 代表保留 6 个旧的日志跟 1 个新日志( 需配合 crond 来使用 )

cache_swap_high 90

## 缓存磁盘空间大于 90% 时自动清理

cache_swap_low 80

## 清理到 80% 时停止

cache_peer 192.168.1.80 parent 80 0 originserver name=sina
cache_peer 192.168.1.80 parent 80 0 originserver name=baidu

## cache_peer 指定后端服务器地址,80 为后端服务端口,0 为 ICP 端口号(多个 Squid 时用),originserver 指定资源服务器,name 指定一个别名

cache_peer_domain sina sina.com www.sina.com
cache_peer_domain baidu baidu.com www.baidu.com

## 指定对应关系,当用户请求 baidu.com 或 www.baidu.com 时,转发到别名为 baidu 的真实服务器上

http_access allow all

## 允许所有人访问代理服务器(必须开启)

三、初始化 Squid

shell > squid -z
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Creating Swap Directories
2015/01/06 17:31:14| /opt/squid_cache exists
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/00
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/01
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/02
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/03
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/04
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/05
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/06
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/07
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/08
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/09
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/0A
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/0B
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/0C
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/0D
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/0E
2015/01/06 17:31:14| Making directories in /opt/squid_cache/0F

四、启动 Squid

shell > service squid start
正在启动 squid:.                                          [确定]
shell > chkconfig --add squid
shell > chkconfig --level 35 squid on
shell > netstat -anpt | grep squid
tcp        0      0 192.168.1.88:3128           0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      2988/(squid)

五、测试

shell > cat /var/log/squid/access.log | grep TCP_MISS

1420537525.011     34 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/404 561 GET http://alabo.com/favicon.ico - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www text/html
1420537527.279   1124 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 2028 GET http://alabo.com/ - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www text/html
1420537527.571    137 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 3271 GET http://alabo.com/images/css.css - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www text/css
1420537528.193    621 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 140767 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner6.jpg - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www image/jpeg
1420537528.205    770 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 68852 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner1.jpg - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www image/jpeg
1420537528.599   1151 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 232817 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner2.jpg - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www image/jpeg
1420537528.606    377 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 101177 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner8.jpg - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www image/jpeg
1420537528.832   1381 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 210193 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner4.jpg - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www image/jpeg
1420537529.101   1652 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 281791 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner3.jpg - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www image/jpeg
1420537529.139    947 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 75526 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner7.jpg - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www image/jpeg
1420537529.198   1747 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 244311 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner5.jpg - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www image/jpeg
1420537529.572    959 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 287741 GET http://alabo.com/images/bj1.jpg - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www image/jpeg
1420537530.190      2 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/404 561 GET http://alabo.com/favicon.ico - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www text/html
1420537531.790    200 192.168.1.110 TCP_MISS/200 2028 GET http://alabo.com/ - FIRST_UP_PARENT/www text/html

## TCP_MISS 代表没有被 Squid 缓存,而是从原始服务器取出的并返回给用户的数据

shell > cat /var/log/squid/access.log | grep TCP_MEM_HIT

1420537531.980      0 192.168.1.110 TCP_MEM_HIT/200 3277 GET http://alabo.com/images/css.css - NONE/- text/css
1420537532.009     16 192.168.1.110 TCP_MEM_HIT/200 68858 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner1.jpg - NONE/- image/jpeg
1420537532.050     31 192.168.1.110 TCP_MEM_HIT/200 232823 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner2.jpg - NONE/- image/jpeg
1420537532.108     66 192.168.1.110 TCP_MEM_HIT/200 281797 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner3.jpg - NONE/- image/jpeg
1420537532.199    139 192.168.1.110 TCP_MEM_HIT/200 210199 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner4.jpg - NONE/- image/jpeg
1420537532.201    102 192.168.1.110 TCP_MEM_HIT/200 244317 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner5.jpg - NONE/- image/jpeg
1420537532.326     61 192.168.1.110 TCP_MEM_HIT/200 75532 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner7.jpg - NONE/- image/jpeg
1420537532.330    112 192.168.1.110 TCP_MEM_HIT/200 140773 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner6.jpg - NONE/- image/jpeg
1420537532.376     71 192.168.1.110 TCP_MEM_HIT/200 101183 GET http://alabo.com/images/benner8.jpg - NONE/- image/jpeg
1420537532.393    128 192.168.1.110 TCP_MEM_HIT/200 287747 GET http://alabo.com/images/bj1.jpg - NONE/- image/jpeg

## TCP_MEM_HIT 代表被 Squid 缓存到内存中并返回给用户的数据

shell > cat /var/log/squid/access.log | grep TCP_HIT

## TCP_HIT 代表被 Squid 缓存到 cache 目录(磁盘)中并返回给用户的数据

posted @ 2016-08-22 18:30  WangXiaoQiang  阅读(8767)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报