转:微信开发获取地理位置实例(java,非常详细,附工程源码)
微信开发获取地理位置实例(java,非常详细,附工程源码)
在本篇博客之前,博主已经写了4篇关于微信相关文章,其中三篇是本文基础:
1、微信开发之入门教程,该文章详细讲解了企业号体验号免费申请与一些必要的配置,以及如何调用微信接口。
2、微信开发之通过代理调试本地项目,该文章详细讲解了如何调试本地项目,使用工具的详细安装与配置。
3、微信开发之使用java获取签名signature(贴源码,附工程),该文详细讲些了如何获取签名,代码十分详细。
对于初学者,可能还不知道订阅号、服务号、和企业号的区别,博主之前也是一直没有弄清楚,因此查阅资料整理了一篇博客供大家阅读:微信服务号、订阅号和企业号的区别(运营和开发两个角度)。建议有时间得猿友还是阅读一下为好。
上面的文章内容虽然有点多而且繁琐,看完之后不敢说已经入门,但是初步了解,自己写实例是没有问题的。不积跬步无以至千里,希望猿友们耐心继续下去!!!!!!
上面的文章内容虽然有点多而且繁琐,看完之后不敢说已经入门,但是初步了解,自己写实例是没有问题的。不积跬步无以至千里,希望猿友们耐心继续下去!!!!!!
上面的文章内容虽然有点多而且繁琐,看完之后不敢说已经入门,但是初步了解,自己写实例是没有问题的。不积跬步无以至千里,希望猿友们耐心继续下去!!!!!!
期间可能会遇到一些坑,欢迎与博主评论交流
有了上面的基础,接下来博主将分享一个具体的微信开发实例,获取用户当前的地理位置。
一、结果演示
二、代码及代码讲解
本工程使用的环境是Eclipse + maven + springmvc,下面附上关键代码,springmvc和web.xml相关配置和maven相关依赖就不一一列举,最后会附上工程供大家下载。
2.1、获取签名工具类(httpclient和sha1加密)
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package com.luo.util; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.security.MessageDigest; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import java.util.UUID; import net.sf.json.JSONObject; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.NameValuePair; import org.apache.http.ParseException; import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; public class HttpXmlClient { public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> params) { DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(); String body = null ; HttpPost post = postForm(url, params); body = invoke(httpclient, post); httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown(); return body; } public static String get(String url) { DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(); String body = null ; HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url); body = invoke(httpclient, get); httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown(); return body; } private static String invoke(DefaultHttpClient httpclient, HttpUriRequest httpost) { HttpResponse response = sendRequest(httpclient, httpost); String body = paseResponse(response); return body; } private static String paseResponse(HttpResponse response) { HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); String charset = EntityUtils.getContentCharSet(entity); String body = null ; try { body = EntityUtils.toString(entity); } catch (ParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return body; } private static HttpResponse sendRequest(DefaultHttpClient httpclient, HttpUriRequest httpost) { HttpResponse response = null ; try { response = httpclient.execute(httpost); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return response; } private static HttpPost postForm(String url, Map<String, String> params) { HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url); List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); Set<String> keySet = params.keySet(); for (String key : keySet) { nvps.add( new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key))); } try { httpost.setEntity( new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, HTTP.UTF_8)); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return httpost; } public static void main(String[] args) { //获取access_token Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>(); params.put( "corpid" , "wx5f24fa0db1819ea2" ); params.put( "corpsecret" , "uQtWzF0bQtl2KRHX0amekjpq8L0aO96LSpSNfctOBLRbuYPO4DUBhMn0_v2jHS-9" ); String xml = HttpXmlClient.post( "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken" ,params); JSONObject jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml); Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); Iterator<String> it = jsonMap.keys(); while (it.hasNext()) { String key = (String) it.next(); String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString(); map.put(key, u); } String access_token = map.get( "access_token" ); System.out.println( "access_token=" + access_token); //获取ticket params.put( "access_token" ,access_token); xml = HttpXmlClient.post( "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_jsapi_ticket" ,params); jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml); map = new HashMap<String, String>(); it = jsonMap.keys(); while (it.hasNext()) { String key = (String) it.next(); String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString(); map.put(key, u); } String jsapi_ticket = map.get( "ticket" ); System.out.println( "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket); //获取签名signature String noncestr = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000 ); String url= "http://mp.weixin.qq.com" ; String str = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket + "&noncestr=" + noncestr + "×tamp=" + timestamp + "&url=" + url; //sha1加密 String signature = SHA1(str); System.out.println( "noncestr=" + noncestr); System.out.println( "timestamp=" + timestamp); System.out.println( "signature=" + signature); //最终获得调用微信js接口验证需要的三个参数noncestr、timestamp、signature } /** * @author:罗国辉 * @date: 2015年12月17日 上午9:24:43 * @description: SHA、SHA1加密 * @parameter: str:待加密字符串 * @return: 加密串 **/ public static String SHA1(String str) { try { MessageDigest digest = java.security.MessageDigest .getInstance( "SHA-1" ); //如果是SHA加密只需要将"SHA-1"改成"SHA"即可 digest.update(str.getBytes()); byte messageDigest[] = digest.digest(); // Create Hex String StringBuffer hexStr = new StringBuffer(); // 字节数组转换为 十六进制 数 for ( int i = 0 ; i < messageDigest.length; i++) { String shaHex = Integer.toHexString(messageDigest[i] & 0xFF ); if (shaHex.length() < 2 ) { hexStr.append( 0 ); } hexStr.append(shaHex); } return hexStr.toString(); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null ; } } |
2.2、controller代码(尽可能仔细阅读下面的每一行代码,特别是url部分)
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package com.luo.controller; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Map; import java.util.UUID; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import net.sf.json.JSONObject; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import com.luo.util.HttpXmlClient; @Controller public class UserController { @RequestMapping ( "/" ) public ModelAndView getIndex(HttpServletRequest request){ ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView( "index" ); //获取access_token Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>(); params.put( "corpid" , "wx7099477f2de8aded" ); params.put( "corpsecret" , "4clWzENvHVmpcyuA4toys0URkfYanIqWtxZ5plbisn6Cd5AVTF0thpaK6UAhjIvN" ); String xml = HttpXmlClient.post( "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken" ,params); JSONObject jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml); Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>(); Iterator<String> it = jsonMap.keys(); while (it.hasNext()) { String key = (String) it.next(); String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString(); map.put(key, u); } String access_token = map.get( "access_token" ); //获取ticket params.put( "access_token" ,access_token); xml = HttpXmlClient.post( "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_jsapi_ticket" ,params); jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml); map = new HashMap<String, String>(); it = jsonMap.keys(); while (it.hasNext()) { String key = (String) it.next(); String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString(); map.put(key, u); } String jsapi_ticket = map.get( "ticket" ); //获取签名signature String noncestr = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000 ); //获取请求url String path = request.getContextPath(); //以为我配置的菜单是http://yo.bbdfun.com/first_maven_project/,最后是有"/"的,所以url也加上了"/" String url = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + path + "/" ; String str = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket + "&noncestr=" + noncestr + "×tamp=" + timestamp + "&url=" + url; //sha1加密 String signature = HttpXmlClient.SHA1(str); mav.addObject( "signature" , signature); mav.addObject( "timestamp" , timestamp); mav.addObject( "noncestr" , noncestr); mav.addObject( "appId" , "wx7099477f2de8aded" ); System.out.println( "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket); System.out.println( "noncestr=" + noncestr); System.out.println( "timestamp=" + timestamp); System.out.println( "url=" + url); System.out.println( "str=" + str); System.out.println( "signature=" + signature); return mav; } } |
2.3、前端js代码(尽可能仔细阅读下面的每一行代码)
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<%@ page language= "java" contentType= "text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding= "UTF-8" %> <html> <head> <script src= "http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js" ></script> <script> wx.config({ debug: true , // 开启调试模式,调用的所有api的返回值会在客户端alert出来,若要查看传入的参数,可以在pc端打开,参数信息会通过log打出,仅在pc端时才会打印。 appId: '${appId}' , // 必填,企业号的唯一标识,此处填写企业号corpid timestamp: parseInt( "${timestamp}" , 10 ), // 必填,生成签名的时间戳 nonceStr: '${noncestr}' , // 必填,生成签名的随机串 signature: '${signature}' , // 必填,签名,见附录1 jsApiList: [ 'getLocation' ] // 必填,需要使用的JS接口列表,所有JS接口列表见附录2 }); wx.ready(function(){ }); wx.error(function(res){ }); </script> </head> <body> <button id= "getBBS" style= "width:1000px;height:600px;font-size:150px;" onclick= "submitOrderInfoClick();" >获取地理位置</button> </body> <script type= "text/javascript" > function submitOrderInfoClick(){ wx.getLocation({ success: function (res) { alert( "小宝鸽获取地理位置成功,经纬度为:(" + res.latitude + "," + res.longitude + ")" ); }, fail: function(error) { AlertUtil.error( "获取地理位置失败,请确保开启GPS且允许微信获取您的地理位置!" ); } }); } </script> </html> |