Flask系列(十)自定义Form组件
一、wtforms源码流程
1、实例化流程分析
# 源码流程 1. 执行type的 __call__ 方法,读取字段到静态字段 cls._unbound_fields 中; meta类读取到cls._wtforms_meta中 2. 执行构造方法 a. 循环cls._unbound_fields中的字段,并执行字段的bind方法,然后将返回值添加到 self._fields[name] 中。 即: _fields = { name: wtforms.fields.core.StringField(), } PS:由于字段中的__new__方法,实例化时:name = simple.StringField(label='用户名'),创建的是UnboundField(cls, *args, **kwargs),当执行完bind之后,才变成执行 wtforms.fields.core.StringField() b. 循环_fields,为对象设置属性 for name, field in iteritems(self._fields): # Set all the fields to attributes so that they obscure the class # attributes with the same names. setattr(self, name, field) c. 执行process,为字段设置默认值:self.process(formdata, obj, data=data, **kwargs) 优先级:obj,data,formdata; 再循环执行每个字段的process方法,为每个字段设置值: for name, field, in iteritems(self._fields): if obj is not None and hasattr(obj, name): field.process(formdata, getattr(obj, name)) elif name in kwargs: field.process(formdata, kwargs[name]) else: field.process(formdata) 执行每个字段的process方法,为字段的data和字段的raw_data赋值 def process(self, formdata, data=unset_value): self.process_errors = [] if data is unset_value: try: data = self.default() except TypeError: data = self.default self.object_data = data try: self.process_data(data) except ValueError as e: self.process_errors.append(e.args[0]) if formdata: try: if self.name in formdata: self.raw_data = formdata.getlist(self.name) else: self.raw_data = [] self.process_formdata(self.raw_data) except ValueError as e: self.process_errors.append(e.args[0]) try: for filter in self.filters: self.data = filter(self.data) except ValueError as e: self.process_errors.append(e.args[0]) d. 页面上执行print(form.name) 时,打印标签 因为执行了: 字段的 __str__ 方法 字符的 __call__ 方法 self.meta.render_field(self, kwargs) def render_field(self, field, render_kw): other_kw = getattr(field, 'render_kw', None) if other_kw is not None: render_kw = dict(other_kw, **render_kw) return field.widget(field, **render_kw) 执行字段的插件对象的 __call__ 方法,返回标签字符串
2、验证流程分析
a. 执行form的validate方法,获取钩子方法 def validate(self): extra = {} for name in self._fields: inline = getattr(self.__class__, 'validate_%s' % name, None) if inline is not None: extra[name] = [inline] return super(Form, self).validate(extra) b. 循环每一个字段,执行字段的 validate 方法进行校验(参数传递了钩子函数) def validate(self, extra_validators=None): self._errors = None success = True for name, field in iteritems(self._fields): if extra_validators is not None and name in extra_validators: extra = extra_validators[name] else: extra = tuple() if not field.validate(self, extra): success = False return success c. 每个字段进行验证时候 字段的pre_validate 【预留的扩展】 字段的_run_validation_chain,对正则和字段的钩子函数进行校验 字段的post_validate【预留的扩展】
二、自定义From组件
#!usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- from flask import Flask,render_template,request,Markup app = Flask(__name__,template_folder="templates") app.debug = True # ==============通过这几个类就可以显示了-============== #插件 class Widget(object): pass class InputText(Widget): def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs): return "<input type='text' name='name'>" class TextArea(Widget): def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs): return Markup("<textarea name='email'></textarea>") #Form class BaseForm(object): def __init__(self): #获取当前所有的字段 _fields = {} for name, field in self.__class__.__dict__.items(): if isinstance(field, Field): # 筛选出字段是name和emailDe _fields[name] = field self._fields = _fields self.data = {} # print(_fields) # {'name': 111, 'email': 222} def validate(self,request_data): #先找到所有的字段,在执行每一个字段的validate方法 flag = True for name, field in self._fields.items(): input_val = request_data.get(name,"") #用户输入的值 result= field.validate(input_val) #每一个字段自己校验 print("???????????",input_val,result) if not result: flag = False else: self.data[name] = input_val return flag #字段 class Field(object): '''所有类的基类''' def __str__(self): #python中的静态字段通过类能找到,通过对象也能找到 return Markup(self.widget()) #self就是StringField,self class StringField(Field): #每个字段打印的时候都要去执行__str__,所以选择放在基类里面,自己没有就调用父类的 widget = InputText() def validate(self,val): if val: return True class EmaliField(Field): widget = TextArea() reg = ".*@.*" def validate(self,val): import re print(re.match(self.reg,val),"************") if re.match(self.reg,val): return True # ===============使用=============== class LoginForm(BaseForm): name = StringField() email = EmaliField() @app.route('/index', methods=["GET","POST"]) def index(): form = LoginForm() ret = form.validate(request.form) print("验证成功",ret) print("验证成功的值",form.data) # print(form.name) # print(form.email) return render_template("index.html",form=form) if __name__ == '__main__': app.run()