docker安装

1 查看系统内核和系统信息

命令:

uname -r     #查看系统内核版本
cat /etc/os-release  #查看系统版本

示例：

[root@iZ1608aqb7ntn9Z /]# uname -r
4.18.0-193.14.2.el8_2.x86_64
[root@iZ1608aqb7ntn9Z /]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="8 (Core)"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="8"
PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 8 (Core)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:8"
HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"

CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-8"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="8"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="8"

2 开始安装Docker

2.1 卸载旧版本

命令：

yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine

示例：

[root@iZ1608aqb7ntn9Z /]# yum remove docker \
>                   docker-client \
>                   docker-client-latest \
>                   docker-common \
>                   docker-latest \
>                   docker-latest-logrotate \
>                   docker-logrotate \
>                   docker-engine
No match for argument: docker
No match for argument: docker-client
No match for argument: docker-client-latest
No match for argument: docker-common
No match for argument: docker-latest
No match for argument: docker-latest-logrotate
No match for argument: docker-logrotate
No match for argument: docker-engine
没有软件包需要移除。
依赖关系解决。
无需任何处理。
完毕！

2.2 下载依赖安装包

yum install -y yum-utils

2.3 配置镜像仓库

#国外的地址
yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo  
    
# 设置阿里云的Docker镜像仓库
yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

示例：

[root@iZ1608aqb7ntn9Z /]# yum-config-manager \
     --add-repo \
     https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
     添加仓库自：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.rep

2.4 更新yum软件包

yum makecache fast

2.5 下载docker

yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io   # 安装社区版
yum install docker-ee docker-ee-cli containerd.io   # 安装企业版

一般情况下安装社区版

3 启动Docker

命令：

systemctl start docker   # 启动Docker
docker version           # 查看当前版本号，是否启动成功
systemctl enable docker  # 设置开机自启动

示例：

[root@iZ1608aqb7ntn9Z /]# systemctl start docker
[root@iZ1608aqb7ntn9Z /]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.7
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.13.15
 Git commit:        f0df350
 Built:             Wed Jun  2 11:56:24 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.7
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.15
  Git commit:       b0f5bc3
  Built:            Wed Jun  2 11:54:48 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.9
  GitCommit:        e25210fe30a0a703442421b0f60afac609f950a3
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.1
  GitCommit:        v1.0.1-0-g4144b63
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

4 Docker的HelloWorld

命令：

docker run hello-world

示例：

[root@iZ1608aqb7ntn9Z /]# docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally  # 本地没有
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world           # pull一个最新版
b8dfde127a29: Pull complete                        # pull成功
Digest: sha256:df5f5184104426b65967e016ff2ac0bfcd44ad7899ca3bbcf8e44e4461491a9e
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!                                 # 运行结果
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

5 Docker卸载

yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io  # 卸载依赖
rm -rf /var/lib/docker    # 删除资源  . /var/lib/docker是docker的默认工作路径

6 配置阿里云镜像

6.1 进入阿里云官网，搜索容器镜像服务

 

 

6.2 执行命令

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://axvfsf7e.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker