nginx配置负载均衡与反向代理
#给文件夹授权
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chown -R www:www /usr/local/nginx
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#修改配置文件
vim nginx.conf
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user www www;
worker_processes 1;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/reverse-proxy.conf;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
gzip on;
client_max_body_size 50m; #缓冲区代理缓冲用户端请求的最大字节数,可以理解为保存到本地再传给用户
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
proxy_connect_timeout 300s; #nginx跟后端服务器连接超时时间(代理连接超时)
proxy_read_timeout 300s; #连接成功后,后端服务器响应时间(代理接收超时)
proxy_send_timeout 300s;
proxy_buffer_size 64k; #设置代理服务器(nginx)保存用户头信息的缓冲区大小
proxy_buffers 4 32k; #proxy_buffers缓冲区,网页平均在32k以下的话,这样设置
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #高负荷下缓冲大小(proxy_buffers*2)
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #设定缓存文件夹大小,大于这个值,将从upstream服务器传递请求,而不缓冲到磁盘
proxy_ignore_client_abort on; #不允许代理端主动关闭连接
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
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编辑反向代理服务器配置文件:
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/reverse-proxy.conf
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server
{
listen 80;
server_name xxx123.tk;
location / {
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://192.168.10.38:3000;
}
access_log logs/xxx123.tk_access.log;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name xxx456.tk;
location / {
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://192.168.10.40:80;
}
access_log logs/xxx456.tk_access.log;
}
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然后重新加载nginx配置文件,使之修改生效,再把xxx123.tk域名指向公司静态IP,这样就成功的做到了在浏览器中输入xxx123.tk的时候访问的内网服务器192.168.10.38的3000端口,输入xxx456.tk访问192.168.10.40的80端口的作用。
如果想对后端机器做负载均衡,像下面这配置就可以把对nagios.xxx123.tk的请求分发给内网的131和132这两台机器做负载均衡了。
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upstream monitor_server {
server 192.168.0.131:80;
server 192.168.0.132:80;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name nagios.xxx123.tk;
location / {
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://monitor_server;
}
access_log logs/nagios.xxx123.tk_access.log;
}
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额,关于负载均衡和缓存就不多说了,这里只是要起到一个简单的“域名转发”功能。
另外,由于http请求最后都是由反向代理服务器传递给后段的机器,所以后端的机器原来的访问日志记录的访问IP都是反向代理服务器的IP。
要想能记录真实IP,需要修改后端机器的日志格式,这里假设后端也是一台nginx:
在后端配置文件里面加入这一段即可:
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log_format access '$HTTP_X_REAL_IP - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $HTTP_X_Forwarded_For';
access_log logs/access.log access;
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再看看原来日志的格式长什么样:
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#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
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看出区别了吧