部署高可用Rancher

本环境基于CentOS7.6发行版最小化安装
IP hostname cpu/memory role
192.168.200.150 nginx 2C4G LB
192.168.200.151 master01-151 4C8G docker-ce/rke/helm/kubectl
192.168.200.152 master02-152 4C8G docker-ce/rke
192.168.200.153 master03-153 4C8G docker-ce/rke

(1)设置主机名
(2)设置域名解析
(3)关闭swap交换分区
(4)开放防火墙端口(参考)
portol port server
tcp 22 sshd
tcp 10250 kubelet
tcp 10251 kube-schedule ：接收 http 请求，非安全端口，不需要认证授权。
tcp 10259 kube-schedule ：接收 https 请求，安全端口，需要认证授权。
tcp 10252 kube-controll ：接收 http 请求，非安全端口，不需要认证授权。
tcp 10257 kube-controll ：接收 https 请求，安全端口，需要认证授权。
tcp 6443 kube-apiserve
tcp 2379 etcd
tcp 2380 etcd
udp 8472 overlay2
udp 323 chronyd
(5)设置selinux策略
(6)调整时区时间同步
(7)系统其他优化

软件版本(所有版本均使用最新稳定版 2021.9.15)：
docker-ce：20.10.8
rke：v1.3.0
kubernetes：v1.21.4-rancher1-1
kubectl：v1.21.4
helm：3.6.3
cert-manager：1.5.3
nginx：v1.20.1

1.安装docker-ce

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum list --showduplicates docker-ce
yum install -y docker-ce-20.10.8
mkdir -p /etc/docker /data/docker
  
# 自定义docker配置
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
    "storage-driver": "overlay2",
    "insecure-registries": ["registry.access.redhat.com","quay.io","harbor.example.com"],
    "registry-mirrors": ["https://q2gr04ke.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
    "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
    "log-opts": {"max-size":"32M", "max-file":"2"}
}
   
systemctl restart docker
systemctl enable docker

2.加载内核模块

modprobe -a br_netfilter ip6_udp_tunnel ip_set ip_set_hash_ip ip_set_hash_net \
iptable_filter iptable_nat iptable_mangle iptable_raw nf_conntrack_netlink nf_conntrack \
nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_nat nf_nat_ipv4 nf_nat_masquerade_ipv4 nfnetlink \
udp_tunnel VETH VXLAN x_tables xt_addrtype xt_conntrack xt_comment xt_mark xt_multiport \
xt_nat xt_recent xt_set xt_statistic xt_tcpudp

3.修改内核参数

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
EOF
  
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf

4.创建用户并配置免密登录

# rke用户需要调用docker客户端工具创建容器
useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G docker rke
echo "123456" | passwd --stdin rke
  
# rke用户通过ssh协议远程安装和运行服务组件、类似于ceph-deploy
su - rke
ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id rke@192.168.200.151
ssh-copy-id rke@192.168.200.152
ssh-copy-id rke@192.168.200.153
exit

5.安装rke

wget https://github.com/rancher/rke/releases/download/v1.3.0/rke_linux-amd64
mv rke_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/rke
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/rke
  
# 定义集群基础信息
vim cluster.yml
nodes:
- address: 192.168.200.151
  port: "22"
  internal_address: 192.168.200.151
  role: [controlplane,worker,etcd]
  hostname_override: "master01-151"
  user: rke
  ssh_key_path: /home/rke/.ssh/id_rsa
  ssh_agent_auth: true
  labels: {}
  taints: []
- address: 192.168.200.152
  port: "22"
  internal_address: 192.168.200.152
  role: [controlplane,worker,etcd]
  hostname_override: "master02-152"
  user: rke
  ssh_key_path: /home/rke/.ssh/id_rsa
  ssh_agent_auth: true
  labels: {}
  taints: []
- address: 192.168.200.153
  port: "22"
  internal_address: 192.168.200.153
  role: [controlplane,worker,etcd]
  hostname_override: "master03-153"
  user: rke
  ssh_key_path: /home/rke/.ssh/id_rsa
  ssh_agent_auth: true
  labels: {}
  taints: []
kubernetes_version: "v1.21.4-rancher1-1"
cluster_name: "mycluster"
services:
  etcd:
    backup_config:
        enabled: true
        interval_hours: 6
        retention: 60
  
# 运行rke
rke up --config ./cluster.yml

6.保存重要文件

# 请保存下文中列出来的所有文件，这些文件可以用于维护集群，排查问题和升级集群。请将这些文件复制并保存到安全的位置：
  
cluster.yml：RKE 集群的配置文件。
kube_config_cluster.yml：该集群的Kubeconfig 文件包含了获取该集群所有权限的认证凭据。
cluster.rkestate：Kubernetes 集群状态文件，包含了获取该集群所有权限的认证凭据，使用 RKE v0.2.0 时才会创建这个文件。

7.安装kubectl

wget http://rancher-mirror.cnrancher.com/kubectl/v1.21.4/linux-amd64-v1.21.4-kubectl
mv linux-amd64-v1.21.4-kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/kubectl
kubectl version --client
  
# 拷贝认证文件并查看集群信息
mkdir ~/.kube && cp kube_config_cluster.yml ~/.kube/config
kubectl get cs
kubectl get nodes

8.安装helm

wget http://rancher-mirror.cnrancher.com/helm/v3.6.3/helm-v3.6.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar zxvf helm-v3.6.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
helm version

9.安装cert-manager

wget https://github.com/jetstack/cert-manager/releases/download/v1.5.3/cert-manager.crds.yaml
kubectl apply -f cert-manager.crds.yaml
kubectl create namespace cert-manager
helm repo add jetstack https://charts.jetstack.io
helm repo update
helm install cert-manager jetstack/cert-manager --namespace cert-manager --version v1.5.3
kubectl get pods -n cert-manager

10.安装Rancher

# hostname定义rancher访问域名，需配置域名解析
kubectl create namespace cattle-system
helm repo add rancher-stable http://rancher-mirror.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/server-charts/stable
helm repo update
helm install rancher rancher-stable/rancher \
--version 2.5.8 \
--namespace cattle-system \
--set hostname=rancher.example.com

# 查询rancher部署状态
kubectl -n cattle-system rollout status deploy/rancher
kubectl -n cattle-system get deploy rancher

11.修改ingress-nginx

kubectl edit ingress -n cattle-system rancher
spec:
  ingressClassName: nginx

12.配置负载均衡

# CentOS7.6发行版epel源安装的nginx/1.20.1默认没有stream模块，则需要安装nginx-all-modules包
yum -y install nginx-all-modules.noarch
  
# http中server段，将80端口流量重定向到443端口
    server {
        listen         80;
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    }
  
# stream段配置4层反向代理
stream {
    log_format proxy '$time_local|$remote_addr|$upstream_addr|$protocol|$status|'
                     '$session_time|$upstream_connect_time|$bytes_sent|$bytes_received|'
                     '$upstream_bytes_sent|$upstream_bytes_received' ;
    upstream rancher_servers {
        least_conn;
        server 192.168.200.151:443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=5s;
        server 192.168.200.152:443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=5s;
        server 192.168.200.153:443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=5s;
    }
    server {
        listen     443;
        proxy_pass rancher_servers;
        access_log /var/log/nginx/proxy.log proxy;
    }
}
  
# 重启nginx
systemctl restart nginx
  
# 浏览器访问 https://rancher.example.com

附：需要完全卸载rke时提供以下脚本

#!/bin/bash
  
# 杀死所有正在运行的容器
docker stop $(docker ps -a -q)
  
# 删除所有容器
docker rm -f $(docker ps -qa)
  
# 删除所有容器卷
docker volume rm $(docker volume ls -q)
    
# 卸载mount目录
for mount in $(mount | grep tmpfs | grep '/var/lib/kubelet' | awk '{ print $3 }') /var/lib/kubelet /var/lib/rancher; do umount $mount; done
    
# 删除残留路径
rm -rf /etc/ceph \
       /etc/cni \
       /etc/kubernetes \
       /opt/cni \
       /opt/rke \
       /run/secrets/kubernetes.io \
       /run/calico \
       /run/flannel \
       /var/lib/calico \
       /var/lib/etcd \
       /var/lib/cni \
       /var/lib/kubelet \
       /var/lib/rancher/rke/log \
       /var/log/containers \
       /var/log/pods \
  
# 清理网络接口
network_interface=`ls /sys/class/net`
for net_inter in $network_interface;
do
  if ! echo $net_inter | grep -qiE 'lo|docker0|eth*|ens*';then
    ip link delete $net_inter
  fi
done
    
# 清理残留进程
port_list='80 443 6443 2376 2379 2380 8472 9099 10250 10254'
  
for port in $port_list
do
  pid=`netstat -atlnup|grep $port |awk '{print $7}'|awk -F '/' '{print $1}'|grep -v -|sort -rnk2|uniq`
  if [[ -n $pid ]];then
    kill -9 $pid
  fi
done
    
pro_pid=`ps -ef |grep -v grep |grep kube|awk '{print $2}'`
  
if [[ -n $pro_pid ]];then
  kill -9 $pro_pid
fi
  
# 清理路由规则
sudo iptables --flush
sudo iptables --flush --table nat
sudo iptables --flush --table filter
sudo iptables --table nat --delete-chain
sudo iptables --table filter --delete-chain
  
# 重启docker
sudo systemctl restart docker

参考文档：
https://docs.rancher.cn/rancher2.5/
https://blog.csdn.net/AmorKlee/article/details/116940446
https://www.cnblogs.com/xiao987334176/p/12981735.html