MySQL数据库的创建（详细）
MySQL数据库的创建：(借鉴)
创建数据库设置编码方式：
CHARACTER SET :指定数据库采用的字符集，注意utf8不能携程utf-8
COLLATE ：指定数据库字符集的排序规则，utf8默认排序规则utf8_general_ci(通过shwo character set 查看)
第一步：确定没有此数据库；【转IF EXISTS 的用法】
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS mryb; (IF EXISTS 好像是必须大写小写出错)；
mysql> DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS mryb; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
第二步：创建数据库：
CREATE DATABASE mryb CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
mysql> CREATE DATABASE mryb CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
CREATE DATABASE `mryb` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;(注意 :`` 是tab上个面的那个键子不是单引号)
mysql> CREATE DATABASE `mryb` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
语句意义划分
CREATE DATABASE `mryb` ： 代表的是创建数据库 mryb。
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 ： 代表的是将该库的默认编码格式设置为utf8格式。
COLLATE utf8_general_ci ： 代表的是数据库校对规则，utf8_bin将字符串中的每一个字符用二进制数据存储，区分大小写。utf8_genera_ci不区分大小写，ci为case insensitive的缩写，即大小写不敏感。utf8_general_cs区分大小写，cs为case sensitive的缩写，即大小写敏感
数据库编码格式:
显示所有的字符编码：
SHOW CHARACTER SET;
mysql> SHOW CHARACTER SET; +----------+---------------------------------+---------------------+--------+ | Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen | +----------+---------------------------------+---------------------+--------+ | big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 | | dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 | | cp850 | DOS West European | cp850_general_ci | 1 | | hp8 | HP West European | hp8_english_ci | 1 | | koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom Russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 | | latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 | | latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1 | | swe7 | 7bit Swedish | swe7_swedish_ci | 1 | | ascii | US ASCII | ascii_general_ci | 1 | | ujis | EUC-JP Japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 | | sjis | Shift-JIS Japanese | sjis_japanese_ci | 2 | | hebrew | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew | hebrew_general_ci | 1 | | tis620 | TIS620 Thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 | | euckr | EUC-KR Korean | euckr_korean_ci | 2 | | koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian | koi8u_general_ci | 1 | | gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 | | greek | ISO 8859-7 Greek | greek_general_ci | 1 | | cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci | 1 | | gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 | | latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1 | | armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian | armscii8_general_ci | 1 | | utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 | | ucs2 | UCS-2 Unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 | | cp866 | DOS Russian | cp866_general_ci | 1 | | keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1 | | macce | Mac Central European | macce_general_ci | 1 | | macroman | Mac West European | macroman_general_ci | 1 | | cp852 | DOS Central European | cp852_general_ci | 1 | | latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1 | | utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_general_ci | 4 | | cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic | cp1251_general_ci | 1 | | utf16 | UTF-16 Unicode | utf16_general_ci | 4 | | utf16le | UTF-16LE Unicode | utf16le_general_ci | 4 | | cp1256 | Windows Arabic | cp1256_general_ci | 1 | | cp1257 | Windows Baltic | cp1257_general_ci | 1 | | utf32 | UTF-32 Unicode | utf32_general_ci | 4 | | binary | Binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 | | geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian | geostd8_general_ci | 1 | | cp932 | SJIS for Windows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 | | eucjpms | UJIS for Windows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 | | gb18030 | China National Standard GB18030 | gb18030_chinese_ci | 4 | +----------+---------------------------------+---------------------+--------+ 41 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看创建数据库的指令并查看数据库使用的编码：
SHOW CREATE DATABASE mryb;
mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE mryb
-> ;
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
| mryb | CREATE DATABASE `mryb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
修改数据库编码：
ALTER DATABASE mryb CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
mysql> ALTER DATABASE mryb CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
ALTER DATABASE mryb CHARACTER SET GBK COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci;
mysql> ALTER DATABASE mryb CHARACTER SET GBK COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
查看数据库编码
格式：SHOW VARIABLES LISK '%校对编码段%';
代码：SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%char%';
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%char%'; +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | character_set_client | gbk | | character_set_connection | gbk | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | gbk | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7\share\charsets\ | +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ 8 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
另一个：
另一个修改方法就是找到MySQL文件的MY.INI.
