3月8日学习内容整理：restframework的路由，渲染器组件

一、路由组件

利用restframework提供的路由，用来自动生成URL

from django.conf.urls import url
# c.
# http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/v1/?format=json
url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/v1/$', views.View1View.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),
# http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/v1.json
url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/v1\.(?P<format>\w+)$', views.View1View.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),

url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/v1/(?P<pk>\d+)/$',
    views.View1View.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'delete': 'destroy', 'put': 'update', 'patch': 'partial_update'})),
url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/v1/(?P<pk>\d+)\.(?P<format>\w+)$',
    views.View1View.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'delete': 'destroy', 'put': 'update', 'patch': 'partial_update'})),
# d.在urls文件中写
from rest_framework import routers
# 实例化对象
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
# 注册url，第一个参数就是自动生成的url以什么开头
router.register(r'xxxxx', views.View1View)
router.register(r'rt', views.View1View)
# 这样就会自动生成url了
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/', include(router.urls)),
]

二、渲染器

利用内置的渲染器

必须在配置文件中app注册信息中加入"rest_framework"

from rest_framework.renderers import JSONRenderer, BrowsableAPIRenderer
from rest_framework.response import Response

class TestView(APIView):
    # 局部配置内置的渲染器
    renderer_classes = [JSONRenderer,BrowsableAPIRenderer]
    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # 获取所有数据
        roles = models.Role.objects.all()

        # 创建分页对象
        # pg = CursorPagination()
        pg = MyCursorPagination()

        # 在数据库中获取分页的数据
        pager_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles, request=request, view=self)

        # 对数据进行序列化
        ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=pager_roles, many=True)
        
        # 使用渲染器的话，就不用在对数据ser进行json序列化了，直接用Response返回ser.data就可以在前端显示了
        return Response(ser.data)

# 配置文件中
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # 全局配置内置的渲染器
    "DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES": [
        'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer',
        'rest_framework.renderers.BrowsableAPIRenderer',
    ]
}

@@老师博客：：：：

10. 渲染器

根据用户请求URL 或用户可接受的类型，筛选出合适的渲染组件。
用户请求URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=json
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.json

用户请求头：

Accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8

a. json

访问URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=json
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.json
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from web.views import s11_render

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^test/$', s11_render.TestView.as_view()),
    url(r'^test\.(?P<format>[a-z0-9]+)', s11_render.TestView.as_view()),
]

urls.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers

from rest_framework.renderers import JSONRenderer

from .. import models


class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = "__all__"


class TestView(APIView):
    renderer_classes = [JSONRenderer, ]

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
        ser = TestSerializer(instance=user_list, many=True)
        return Response(ser.data)

views.py

b. 表格

访问URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=admin
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.admin
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers

from rest_framework.renderers import AdminRenderer

from .. import models


class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = "__all__"


class TestView(APIView):
    renderer_classes = [AdminRenderer, ]

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
        ser = TestSerializer(instance=user_list, many=True)
        return Response(ser.data)

views.py

c. Form表单

访问URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=form
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.form
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers

from rest_framework.renderers import JSONRenderer
from rest_framework.renderers import AdminRenderer
from rest_framework.renderers import HTMLFormRenderer

from .. import models


class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = "__all__"


class TestView(APIView):
    renderer_classes = [HTMLFormRenderer, ]

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all().first()
        ser = TestSerializer(instance=user_list, many=False)
        return Response(ser.data)

views.py

d. 自定义显示模板

访问URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=html
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.html
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from web.views import s11_render

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^test/$', s11_render.TestView.as_view()),
    url(r'^test\.(?P<format>[a-z0-9]+)', s11_render.TestView.as_view()),
]

urls.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.renderers import TemplateHTMLRenderer

from .. import models


class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = "__all__"


class TestView(APIView):
    renderer_classes = [TemplateHTMLRenderer, ]

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all().first()
        ser = TestSerializer(instance=user_list, many=False)
        return Response(ser.data, template_name='user_detail.html')

views.py

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    {{ user }}
    {{ pwd }}
    {{ ut }}
</body>
</html>

userdetail.html

e. 浏览器格式API+JSON

访问URL：

http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=api
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.api
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers

from rest_framework.renderers import JSONRenderer
from rest_framework.renderers import BrowsableAPIRenderer

from .. import models


class TestSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        fields = "__all__"


class CustomBrowsableAPIRenderer(BrowsableAPIRenderer):
    def get_default_renderer(self, view):
        return JSONRenderer()


class TestView(APIView):
    renderer_classes = [CustomBrowsableAPIRenderer, ]

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all().first()
        ser = TestSerializer(instance=user_list, many=False)
        return Response(ser.data, template_name='user_detail.html')

views.py

注意：如果同时多个存在时，自动根据URL后缀来选择渲染器。

posted @ 2018-03-08 16:33 九二零阅读(172) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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3月8日学习内容整理：restframework的路由，渲染器组件

10. 渲染器

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