socket之解决粘包方法
low方法
import socket,subprocess ip_port=('127.0.0.1',8080) s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) s.bind(ip_port) s.listen(5) while True: conn,addr=s.accept() print('客户端',addr) while True: msg=conn.recv(1024) if not msg:break res=subprocess.Popen(msg.decode('utf-8'),shell=True,\ stdin=subprocess.PIPE,\ stderr=subprocess.PIPE,\ stdout=subprocess.PIPE) err=res.stderr.read() if err: ret=err else: ret=res.stdout.read() data_length=len(ret) conn.send(str(data_length).encode('utf-8')) data=conn.recv(1024).decode('utf-8') if data == 'recv_ready': conn.sendall(ret) conn.close()
import socket,time s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) res=s.connect_ex(('127.0.0.1',8080)) while True: msg=input('>>: ').strip() if len(msg) == 0:continue if msg == 'quit':break s.send(msg.encode('utf-8')) length=int(s.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')) s.send('recv_ready'.encode('utf-8')) send_size=0 recv_size=0 data=b'' while recv_size < length: data+=s.recv(1024) recv_size+=len(data) print(data.decode('utf-8'))
struct模块
该模块可以把一个类型，如数字，转成固定长度的bytes
>>> struct.pack('i',1111111111111)
struct.error: 'i' format requires -2147483648 <= number <= 2147483647 #这个是范围
import json,struct #假设通过客户端上传1T:1073741824000的文件a.txt #为避免粘包,必须自定制报头 header={'file_size':1073741824000,'file_name':'/a/b/c/d/e/a.txt','md5':'8f6fbf8347faa4924a76856701edb0f3'} #1T数据,文件路径和md5值 #为了该报头能传送,需要序列化并且转为bytes head_bytes=bytes(json.dumps(header),encoding='utf-8') #序列化并转成bytes,用于传输 #为了让客户端知道报头的长度,用struck将报头长度这个数字转成固定长度:4个字节 head_len_bytes=struct.pack('i',len(head_bytes)) #这4个字节里只包含了一个数字,该数字是报头的长度 #客户端开始发送 conn.send(head_len_bytes) #先发报头的长度,4个bytes conn.send(head_bytes) #再发报头的字节格式 conn.sendall(文件内容) #然后发真实内容的字节格式 #服务端开始接收 head_len_bytes=s.recv(4) #先收报头4个bytes,得到报头长度的字节格式 x=struct.unpack('i',head_len_bytes)[0] #提取报头的长度 head_bytes=s.recv(x) #按照报头长度x,收取报头的bytes格式 header=json.loads(json.dumps(header)) #提取报头 #最后根据报头的内容提取真实的数据,比如 real_data_len=s.recv(header['file_size']) s.recv(real_data_len)
import struct
import binascii
import ctypes
values1 = (1, 'abc'.encode('utf-8'), 2.7)
values2 = ('defg'.encode('utf-8'),101)
s1 = struct.Struct('I3sf')
s2 = struct.Struct('4sI')
print(s1.size,s2.size)
prebuffer=ctypes.create_string_buffer(s1.size+s2.size)
print('Before : ',binascii.hexlify(prebuffer))
# t=binascii.hexlify('asdfaf'.encode('utf-8'))
# print(t)
s1.pack_into(prebuffer,0,*values1)
s2.pack_into(prebuffer,s1.size,*values2)
print('After pack',binascii.hexlify(prebuffer))
print(s1.unpack_from(prebuffer,0))
print(s2.unpack_from(prebuffer,s1.size))
s3=struct.Struct('ii')
s3.pack_into(prebuffer,0,123,123)
print('After pack',binascii.hexlify(prebuffer))
print(s3.unpack_from(prebuffer,0))
关于struct的详细用法
import socket,struct,json import subprocess phone=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) phone.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1) #就是它，在bind前加 phone.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080)) phone.listen(5) while True: conn,addr=phone.accept() while True: cmd=conn.recv(1024) if not cmd:break print('cmd: %s' %cmd) res=subprocess.Popen(cmd.decode('utf-8'), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) err=res.stderr.read() print(err) if err: back_msg=err else: back_msg=res.stdout.read() conn.send(struct.pack('i',len(back_msg))) #先发back_msg的长度 conn.sendall(back_msg) #在发真实的内容 conn.close()
import socket,time,struct s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) res=s.connect_ex(('127.0.0.1',8080)) while True: msg=input('>>: ').strip() if len(msg) == 0:continue if msg == 'quit':break s.send(msg.encode('utf-8')) l=s.recv(4) x=struct.unpack('i',l)[0] print(type(x),x) # print(struct.unpack('I',l)) r_s=0 data=b'' while r_s < x: r_d=s.recv(1024) data+=r_d r_s+=len(r_d) # print(data.decode('utf-8')) print(data.decode('gbk')) #windows默认gbk编码
我们可以把报头做成字典，字典里包含将要发送的真实数据的详细信息，然后json序列化，然后用struck将序列化后的数据长度打包成4个字节（4个自己足够用了）
发送时：
先发报头长度
再编码报头内容然后发送
最后发真实内容
接收时：
先手报头长度，用struct取出来
根据取出的长度收取报头内容，然后解码，反序列化
从反序列化的结果中取出待取数据的详细信息，然后去取真实的数据内容
import socket,struct,json import subprocess phone=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) phone.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1) #就是它，在bind前加 phone.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080)) phone.listen(5) while True: conn,addr=phone.accept() while True: cmd=conn.recv(1024) if not cmd:break print('cmd: %s' %cmd) res=subprocess.Popen(cmd.decode('utf-8'), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) err=res.stderr.read() print(err) if err: back_msg=err else: back_msg=res.stdout.read() headers={'data_size':len(back_msg)} head_json=json.dumps(headers) head_json_bytes=bytes(head_json,encoding='utf-8') conn.send(struct.pack('i',len(head_json_bytes))) #先发报头的长度 conn.send(head_json_bytes) #再发报头 conn.sendall(back_msg) #在发真实的内容 conn.close() 服务端：定制稍微复杂一点的报头
from socket import * import struct,json ip_port=('127.0.0.1',8080) client=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM) client.connect(ip_port) while True: cmd=input('>>: ') if not cmd:continue client.send(bytes(cmd,encoding='utf-8')) head=client.recv(4) head_json_len=struct.unpack('i',head)[0] head_json=json.loads(client.recv(head_json_len).decode('utf-8')) data_len=head_json['data_size'] recv_size=0 recv_data=b'' while recv_size < data_len: recv_data+=client.recv(1024) recv_size+=len(recv_data) print(recv_data.decode('utf-8')) #print(recv_data.decode('gbk')) #windows默认gbk编码
作业：http://www.cnblogs.com/wanghaohao/diary/2017/08/25/7428317.html
