English - every和each的用法和区别

两者都有“每个”的意思,但用法不同：

（1）each具有名词和形容词的功能,every只有形容词的功能.

（2）each指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”；every是指三个以上的人或事物的“全体”,和all的意思相近.如：

He gave a book to each of his parents.
他给他父母各送了一本书.
Every comrade was there and each did his work.
每个同志都在那儿,各人做各人的工作.

（3）every总是修饰单数名词,后接单数动词.

Every man and woman knows that.
每个男人和女人都知道那事.

（4）each作为形容词,修饰单数名词,接单数动词.作为代词,单独使用,接单数动词；放在复数名词和代词后作同位语,接复数动词.each of them后可接单数或复数动词.如：

Each man carries his own bag.（修饰单数名词）各人背自己的包.
We each have our own office.(作We的同位语)我们各有各的办公室.
Each carries his own bag.(代词)各人背自己的包.
Each of them are/is here.(代词)他们每个人都在这儿.

（5）代表each和every的物主代词可以用his,也可以用their.如：

Each carried their/his own bag.各人背他们/他自己的包.

 

从词性上说，each是代词，every一般是形容词；从功能上说，each强调各别、各个，而every 强调全部、都。

He can get up for about two hours each day.
他每天可以起床活动大约两个小时。
He gave each boy an apple.
他给每个孩子一个苹果。
Nearly everybody enters for 'The Nicest Garden Competition' each year, but Joe wins everytime.
几乎每年每人都报名参加“最佳花园赛”，但每次都是乔获胜。
From each according to his ability, to each according to his work.
各尽所能，按劳分配。
The sun shines every day.
每天都是阳光灿烂。