.net 数据抓取中添加cookie值
下面是转载:http://www.cnblogs.com/duohahawuwu/archive/2011/04/20/2021975.html
最近发现抓取网页数据的工作越来越多了,抓取技术,正则表达式,各种麻烦,这次又遇到了cookie的问题。
首先痛恨一下那些靠cookie来变换网页内容的网站,嘿嘿
在网上找了一些资料,最后整理出来了结论
说结论之前先说一下cookie的层次关系,在.net中cookie的大小关系如下CookieContainer--CookieCollection--Cookie ,其中我们使用的HttpWebRequest使用的正式第一级别也就是CookieContainer,弄明白这个关系以后就可以进行相应的代码开发了
public void StartClimb() { string urlContent = ""; try { CookieCollection cookies = new CookieCollection(); cookies.Add(new Cookie("cookie名称", "cookie值")); HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.XXXXX.com"); webRequest.Timeout = 30000; webRequest.AllowAutoRedirect = true; webRequest.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0)"; webRequest.Accept = "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8"; webRequest.Headers.Set("Pragma", "no-cache"); webRequest.Headers.Add("Accept-Language", "zh-cn,zh;q=0.5"); webRequest.Headers.Add("Accept-Encoding", "gzip,deflate"); webRequest.Headers.Add("Accept-Charset", "GB2312,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7"); CookieContainer myCookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); myCookieContainer.Add(webRequest.RequestUri,cookies); webRequest.CookieContainer = myCookieContainer; HttpWebResponse webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse(); Stream stream; //对gzip和deflate进行解密处理 switch (webResponse.ContentEncoding) { case "gzip": stream = new GZipStream(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), CompressionMode.Decompress); break; case "deflate": stream = new DeflateStream(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), CompressionMode.Decompress); break; default: stream = webResponse.GetResponseStream(); break; } StreamReader streamReader; streamReader = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8); //streamReader = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding.Default); //streamReader = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8); urlContent = streamReader.ReadToEnd(); streamReader.Close(); stream.Close(); if (webRequest != null) { webRequest.Abort(); } if (webResponse != null) { webResponse.Close(); } } catch (WebException ex) { } catch (Exception ex) { } }
有了上面的代码应该就可以搞定cookie的事情了。不过一般我们在开发的时候可能会忘记Cookie的Domain问题,这样的话在程序执行的时候会导致报错
myCookieContainer.Add(webRequest.RequestUri,cookies);
这句话声明了必要的Domain,CSDN上面的一个帖子的问题就出在于此http://topic.csdn.net/u/20080402/18/d63636a7-d81e-40f2-b972-b9c6bb775ac4.html
对了,如果你不知道需要传递什么cookie给服务器,那么有很多办法,其中最简单的就是通过firefox的firebig来查看,还有ie9里面的f12功能,再有就是自己写程序,在抓取的时候获取一些传回的cookie值,但是记得也要声明URL
HttpWebResponse webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();
CookieCollection CCol = myCookieContainer.GetCookies(webRequest.RequestUri);
CookieCollection CCol = myCookieContainer.GetCookies(webRequest.RequestUri);
的