springmvc和ssm项目结合书籍

此项目是结合springmvc和mybatis的整合，适合新手练习项目

1.编译环境及工具

• IDEA
• MySQL 8.0
• Tomcat 9
• Maven 4.0

2. 数据库表设计

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT  INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

3.项目环境搭建

新建一个maven 的web项目，在pom.xml中导入依赖

<dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

   <!--Servlet - JSP -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

  <!--spring - mvc -->
	 <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.9</version>
    </dependency>

   <!--mysql - 连接和数据源 -->
	<dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.15</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mchange/c3p0 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.5</version>
        </dependency>

	 <!--mybatis和spring-mybatis - 整合-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.22</version>
        </dependency>

3.静态资源问题

在pom.xml文件中编写如下：

<build>
   <resources>
       <resource>
           <directory>src/main/java</directory>
           <includes>
               <include>**/*.properties</include>
               <include>**/*.xml</include>
           </includes>
       </resource>
       <resource>
           <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
           <includes>
               <include>**/*.properties</include>
               <include>**/*.xml</include>
           </includes>
       </resource>
   </resources>
</build>

4.创建基本项目结构

• pojo
• mapper
• service
• controller
• mybatis-config.xml

4.1 在pojo包下创建实体类(注意类属性和数据库字段同名)

package pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor // 无参
@AllArgsConstructor  // 有参
public class MyBook {
    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;
}

4.2 在mapper包下创建操作书籍的接口及对应的方法

4.2.1 Bookmapper接口

package mapper;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import pojo.MyBook;

import java.util.List;

public interface Bookmapper {
    //增加一个Book
    int addBook(MyBook book);

    //根据id删除一个Book
    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //更新Book
    int updateBook(MyBook book);

    //根据id查询,返回一个Book
    MyBook queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List<MyBook> queryAllBook();

}

4.2.2 配置Bookmapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

 <!--mapper.Bookmapper - 绑定Bookmapper -->
<mapper namespace="mapper.Bookmapper">
    <!--增加一个Book-->
    <insert id="addBook">
        insert into books(bookName,bookCounts,detail)
        values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
    </insert>

    <!--根据id删除一个Book-->
    <delete id="deleteBookById" >
        delete from books where bookID=#{bookID}
    </delete>

    <!--更新Book-->
    <update id="updateBook">
        update books
        set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
        where bookID = #{bookID}
    </update>

    <!--根据id查询,返回一个MyBook 返回类型需要设置别名，如没有，默认为类的小写 -->
    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="mybook">
        select * from books
        where bookID = #{bookID}
    </select>

    <!--查询全部Book-->
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="mybook">
        SELECT * from books
    </select>

</mapper>

4.3 在service包下操作mapper接口和创建service实现类

4.3.1 BookService接口(其实就是Bookmapper接口的方法)

package service;
import pojo.MyBook;
import java.util.List;

public interface BookService {
    //增加一个Book
    int addBook(MyBook book);

    //根据id删除一个Book
    int deleteBookById(int id);

    //更新Book
    int updateBook(MyBook book);

    //根据id查询,返回一个Book
    MyBook queryBookById(int id);

    //查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List<MyBook> queryAllBook();
}

4.3.2 BookService实现类BookServiceImpl

package service;

import mapper.Bookmapper;
import pojo.MyBook;

import java.util.List;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
    //调用dao层的操作，设置一个set接口，方便Spring管理
    private Bookmapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(Bookmapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    public int addBook(MyBook book) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(book);
    }

    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    public int updateBook(MyBook books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    public MyBook queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    public List<MyBook> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }
}

4.4 配置mybatis-config.xml文件，并绑定mapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
	  <!--设置别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <typeAlias type="pojo.MyBook" alias="mybook"/>
    </typeAliases>
    
     <!--绑定mapper.xml-->
    <mappers>
         <!--通过class绑定mapper.xml-->
        <mapper class="mapper.Bookmapper"/> 
         <!--通过resource绑定mapper.xml-->
        <mapper resource="mapper/BookMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

5.配置文件的编写

项目采用分开配置结构，便于spring容器管理

• db.properties 数据库的配置
• spring-mapper.xml dao配置操作数据库的 数据源（dataSource），数据配置文件，sqlSessionFactory 和相应的mapper扫描包
• spring-service.xml service 配置相应的service扫描包,配置事务管理
• spring-mvc.xml 配置controller扫描包 和视图解析器
• applicationContext.xml 整合mapper，service，mvc的全局配置文件

5.1 db.properties设置

driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
# 注意不能写成username，在这里踩过坑
user=root
password=root

5.2 配置spring-mapper.xml

   <!-- 配置整合mybatis -->
    <!-- 1.关联数据库文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    <!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
    <!--数据库连接池
        dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接
        c3p0 自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${user}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${password}"/>

        <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>
	 <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

  <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
    <!--解释 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="mapper"/>
    </bean>

5.3 配置spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="service"/>
    <!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中-->
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookmapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

</beans>

5.4 spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
    <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
    <!--     使用Jackson json解析器前段乱码问题解决-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
            </bean>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="objectMapper">
                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                        <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="controller" />

</beans>

5.5 applicationContext.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>

6 web.xml配置和controller的编写

6.1 web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
             <!-- 需要全局配置文件applicationContext -->
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--encodingFilter-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
        </filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

6.2 Bookcontroller配置

package controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import pojo.MyBook;
import service.BookService;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "BookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;

    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model) {
        List<MyBook> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("list", list);
        return "allBook";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/addBook")
    public String addPaper(MyBook book) {
        System.out.println(book);
        bookService.addBook(book);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
    public String toupdateBook(Model model,int id) {
        MyBook book = bookService.queryBookById(id);
        System.out.println(book);
        model.addAttribute("book",book);
        return "updateBook";
    }


    @RequestMapping("/updateBook")
    public String updateBook(Model model,MyBook book) {
        System.out.println(book);
        bookService.updateBook(book);
        //MyBook books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());
        model.addAttribute("books", book);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/del/{bId}")
    public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bId") int id) {
        bookService.deleteBookById(id);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }
}

7. 遇到的坑

7.1 配置文件管理，否则bookmapper找不到

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7.2 web.xml 配置的理应是全局文件

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7.3 lib库没有导入

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8.结果显示

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