JAVA 虚拟机钩子
Shutdown Hook
Java程序经常也会遇到进程挂掉的情况,一些状态没有正确的保存下来,这时候就需要在JVM关掉的时候执行一些清理现场的代码。JAVA中的ShutdownHook提供了比较好的方案。
JDK提供了Java.Runtime.addShutdownHook(Thread hook)方法,可以注册一个JVM关闭的钩子,这个钩子可以在一下几种场景中被调用:
- 程序正常退出
- 使用System.exit()
- 终端使用Ctrl+C触发的中断
- 系统关闭
- OutOfMemory宕机
- 使用Kill pid命令干掉进程(注:在使用kill -9 pid时,是不会被调用的)
下面是JDK1.7中关于钩子的定义:
public void addShutdownHook(Thread hook) 参数: hook - An initialized but unstarted Thread object 抛出: IllegalArgumentException - If the specified hook has already been registered, or if it can be determined that the hook is already running or has already been run IllegalStateException - If the virtual machine is already in the process of shutting down SecurityException - If a security manager is present and it denies RuntimePermission("shutdownHooks") 从以下版本开始: 1.3 另请参见: removeShutdownHook(java.lang.Thread), halt(int), exit(int)
来测试第一种,程序正常退出的情况:
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; public class HookTest { public void start() { Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println("Execute Hook....."); } })); } public static void main(String[] args) { new HookTest().start(); System.out.println("The Application is doing something"); try { TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(5000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
运行结果:
The Application is doing something
Execute Hook.....