20192305 王梓全Python程序设计实验四报告

20192305 王梓全Python程序设计实验四报告

课程:《Python程序设计》
班级: 1923
姓名: 王梓全
学号:20192305
实验教师:王志强
实验日期:2021年6月14日

必修/选修:公选课

1.实验内容

  • 1.Python综合应用:爬虫、数据处理、可视化、机器学习、神经网络、游戏、网络安全等;
  • 2.结合手头的python教学书,我选择了编写一个五子棋游戏

2.实验过程及结果

  • 先设计一个15x15的标准五子棋棋盘
  • 由于四周留下空缺后计算点位时将会更加麻烦,故我的棋盘四周未留下空缺
import random
import pygame
from pygame.locals import MOUSEBUTTONUP

pygame.init()
cell_size = 40
cell_num = 15
grid_size = cell_size * (cell_num - 1)
screencaption = pygame.display.set_caption('五子棋')
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((grid_size, grid_size))

定义一个chess_arr用于储存棋子的位置,监听鼠标弹起的位置后,将该点的坐标保存入数组chess_arr flag = 1

state = 1

while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            exit()

        if state == 1 and event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
            x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
    screen.fill((238, 232, 170))

鼠标弹起的位置不一定是在纵横线的交界点,故需要对每个落点xi,yi的位置进行限定,修改如下

xi = int(round((x) * 1.0 / cell_size))
yi = int(round((y) * 1.0 / cell_size))

对重复落点处进行判断,若为新点则正常进行落点,否则,落点无效

if xi >= 0 and xi < cell_num and yi >= 0 and yi < cell_num and (xi, yi, 1) not in chess_arr and (
            xi, yi, 2) not in chess_arr:
                chess_arr.append((xi, yi, flag))
                if check_win(chess_arr, flag):
                    state = 2 if flag == 1 else 3
                else:
                    flag = 2 if flag == 1 else 1

将棋盘线绘制上,同时设置在落点处画圆代表落子

 for x in range(0, cell_size * cell_num, cell_size):
        pygame.draw.line(screen, (200, 200, 200), (x, 0 ),
                         (x, cell_size * (cell_num - 1)), 1)
    for y in range(0, cell_size * cell_num, cell_size):
        pygame.draw.line(screen, (200, 200, 200), (0, y),
                         (cell_size * (cell_num - 1), y), 1)

    for x, y, c in chess_arr:
        chess_color = (30, 30, 30) if c == 1 else (225, 225, 225)
        pygame.draw.circle(screen, chess_color, [x * cell_size, y * cell_size], 16, 16)

定义一个判断落点位置的函数

def get_one_dire_num(lx, ly, dx, dy, m):
    tx = lx
    ty = ly
    s = 0
    while True:
        tx += dx
        ty += dy
        if tx < 0 or tx >= cell_num or ty < 0 or ty >= cell_num or m[ty][tx] == 0: return s
        s += 1

定义一个检查最终是否胜利的函数,若一点周围左上两点中,右上两点中,左下两点中,右下两点中的一点均有同一方的子存在,则判定其为胜利

def check_win(chess_arr, flag):
    m = [[0] * cell_num for i in range(cell_num)]
    for x, y, c in chess_arr:
        if c == flag:
            m[y][x] = 1
    lx = chess_arr[-1][0]
    ly = chess_arr[-1][1]
    dire_arr = [[(-1, 0), (1, 0)], [(0, -1), (0, 1)], [(-1, -1), (1, 1)],
                [(-1, 1), (1, -1)]]

进行最后的修正,将棋盘颜色设置为木头的颜色,将胜利提示设置为黄色,将所有的更改体现在屏幕上

screen.fill((238, 232, 170))
    if state != 1:
        myfont = pygame.font.Font(None, 60)
        white = 210, 210, 0
        win_text = "IS %s" % ('black' if state == 2 else 'white')
        textImage = myfont.render(win_text, True, white)
        screen.blit(textImage, (260, 320))

    pygame.display.update()

最终代码:

import random
import pygame
from pygame.locals import MOUSEBUTTONUP

pygame.init()
cell_size = 40
cell_num = 15
grid_size = cell_size * (cell_num - 1)
screencaption = pygame.display.set_caption('五子棋')
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((grid_size, grid_size))

chess_arr = []
flag = 1
state = 1


def get_one_dire_num(lx, ly, dx, dy, m):
    tx = lx
    ty = ly
    s = 0
    while True:
        tx += dx
        ty += dy
        if tx < 0 or tx >= cell_num or ty < 0 or ty >= cell_num or m[ty][tx] == 0: return s
        s += 1


def check_win(chess_arr, flag):
    m = [[0] * cell_num for i in range(cell_num)]
    for x, y, c in chess_arr:
        if c == flag:
            m[y][x] = 1
    lx = chess_arr[-1][0]
    ly = chess_arr[-1][1]
    dire_arr = [[(-1, 0), (1, 0)], [(0, -1), (0, 1)], [(-1, -1), (1, 1)],
                [(-1, 1), (1, -1)]]

    for dire1, dire2 in dire_arr:
        dx, dy = dire1
        num1 = get_one_dire_num(lx, ly, dx, dy, m)
        dx, dy = dire2
        num2 = get_one_dire_num(lx, ly, dx, dy, m)
        if num1 + num2 + 1 >= 5: return True

    return False


while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            exit()

        if state == 1 and event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP:
            x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
            xi = int(round((x) * 1.0 / cell_size))
            yi = int(round((y) * 1.0 / cell_size))
            if xi >= 0 and xi < cell_num and yi >= 0 and yi < cell_num and (xi, yi, 1) not in chess_arr and (
            xi, yi, 2) not in chess_arr:
                chess_arr.append((xi, yi, flag))
                if check_win(chess_arr, flag):
                    state = 2 if flag == 1 else 3
                else:
                    flag = 2 if flag == 1 else 1

    screen.fill((238, 232, 170))

    for x in range(0, cell_size * cell_num, cell_size):
        pygame.draw.line(screen, (200, 200, 200), (x, 0 ),
                         (x, cell_size * (cell_num - 1)), 1)
    for y in range(0, cell_size * cell_num, cell_size):
        pygame.draw.line(screen, (200, 200, 200), (0, y),
                         (cell_size * (cell_num - 1), y), 1)

    for x, y, c in chess_arr:
        chess_color = (30, 30, 30) if c == 1 else (225, 225, 225)
        pygame.draw.circle(screen, chess_color, [x * cell_size, y * cell_size], 16, 16)

    if state != 1:
        myfont = pygame.font.Font(None, 60)
        white = 210, 210, 0
        win_text = "IS %s" % ('black' if state == 2 else 'white')
        textImage = myfont.render(win_text, True, white)
        screen.blit(textImage, (260, 320))

    pygame.display.update()

3. 实验过程中遇到的问题和解决过程

  • 问题1:下载安装pygame一晚上都未成功
  • 问题1解决方案:放弃使用pip安装pygame,转而使用pycharm自带的库下载,并挂上清华的源
  • 问题二:对pygame的使用不熟悉
  • 问题二解决方案:参考手上的python教程书中的pygame章节
  • 问题三:不知道如何处理五子棋的落点统计
  • 问题三解决方案:参考cnblog上的一篇专栏,使用数组和上述的get one dire函数实现对落点的储存
  • 问题四:未判断是否落点于交界线处导致落子混乱
  • 问题四解决方案:参考cnblog上的专栏,用int函数取整,向上或向下落在最接近的交界线处

其他(感悟、思考等)

本次的实验完全超脱了平时所学的内容,大部分过程都参考了《python:从入门到实践》一书中对pygame的讲解,对五子棋的具体实现则参考了cnblog上的文章,总体而言,
是目前编写过的最复杂的程序,虽然许多内容非自己的积累,但在这个过程中切实的提升了我的编程能力以及自学能力,对他人代码的揣摩也让我对程序设计有了更加全面的认识。

参考资料

  • 《python从入门到实践》
posted @ 2021-06-15 12:00  王梓全  阅读(261)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报