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《面向对象程序设计》课程实验报告
学生成绩管理系统
班级 计算机应用091班 姓名唐俊驰 学号 2009052023 日期 2010-12-26
一、 需求分析
1． 程序的功能：学生数据的录入、添加、修改与删除；成绩统计并排名；学生数据的读取与存储等基本功能。
2． 输入输出的要求：输入学生的成绩及处理要求；输出自己想得到的结果
3． 测试数据。 zhang 123 58 69 74
wang 456 78 96 58
yang 789 89 68 59
二、 详细设计
1． 程序框架设计：
设置了添加、修改、删除、查找、排序和对数据的读取、保存等功能。
2． 程序详细设计
添加：创建一个新的分类，用输入的变量初始化这个类，并用指针链接上一个对象。
修改：先通过链表找到要修改的对象，在输入要修改的值，利用类内函数对值进行修改。
删除：根据输入的条件找到要删除的对象，将此对象的next指针赋值给上一个对象的next值。
查找：按照学号或者姓名按链表查找对象，找到后输出该对象的基本信息。
排序：利用比较法，按照要求的标准进行排序。
数据的读取和保存：文件的打开和关闭，并按照存储的格式读取。
三、 调试分析
1． 调试中遇到的问题及对问题的解决方法
四、 使用说明及测试结果
1． 系统配置：Windows XP SP3；VC 6.0
2． 系统运行效果图
五、 源程序（带注释）
1．程序代码
/*stu.cpp*/
#include<iostream>
#include ".\ClassHead.h"
using namespace std;
void main() {
char c;
cla a;
do {
cout<<"\n score systerm:\n";
cout<<" 1……add \n";
cout<<" 2……delete \n";
cout<<" 3……change \n";
cout<<" 4……look for\n";
cout<<" 5……paixu\n";
cout<<" 6……save \n";
cout<<" 7……read \n";
cout<<" 8……back \n";
cout<<"choose(1-8):";
cin>>c;
switch(c) {
case '1':
a.sadd();
break;
case '2':
a.sremove();
break;
case '3':
a.samend();
break;
case '4':
a.ssearch();
break;
case '5':
a.staxis();
break;
case '6':
a.ssave();
break;
case '7':
a.sload();
break;
}
}while(c!='8');
}
/*类的定义及其成员函数的实现*/
#ifndef _CLASSHEAD_H
#define _CLASSHEAD_H
#include<iomanip>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>
#define max 80;
using namespace std;
class student {
public:
student *next;
public:
string name;
long num;
int x,y,z;
int AA;
void play() {
cout << name << "student's numbers" << num << ",math:" << x
<< ",language:" << y << ",english:" << z << ",in total:" << AA << endl;
};
student(string sname,long snum,int sx,int sy,int sz) {
name = sname;
num = snum;
x = sx;
y = sy;
z = sz;
}
};
class cla {
public:
cla() {
stu = 0;
sload();
}
~cla() {
student *p;
p = stu;
while(p) {
p = p->next;
delete stu;
stu = p;
}
stu = 0;
}
void sadd();
void sremove();
void samend();
void ssearch();
void staxis();
void ssave();
void sload();
void pxh();
void psx();
void pyw();
void pyy();
void pAA();
private:
student *stu;
};
void cla::sadd() {
student *q;
string name1;
long num1;
int x1,y1,z1;
system("cls");
cout << "\n **add student** \n" << endl;
cout << "please input:" << endl;
cout << "name\tnumber\tmath\tlanguage\tenglish:" << endl;
cin >> name1 >> num1 >> x1 >> y1 >> z1;
q = new student(name1,num1,x1,y1,z1);
q->next = 0;
q->AA = x1 + y1 + z1;
if(stu) {
student *t;
t = stu;
if(t->num == num1) {
cout << "number has already been recorded，please input again" << endl;
return;
}
while(t->next) {
if(t->num == num1) {
cout << "number has already been recorded，please input again" << endl;
return;
}
t = t->next;
}
t->next = q;
}
else {
stu = q;
}
cout << "down" << endl;
}
void cla::sremove() {
system("cls");
int num1;
cout << "\n** delete **\n";
cout << "please input the number you want to delete:";
cin >> num1;
student *p1,*p2;
p1 = stu;
while(p1) {
if(p1->num == num1)
break;
else {
p2 = p1;
p1 = p1->next;
}
}
if(p1 != NULL) {
p1->play();
cout << "[Y/N]" << endl;
char c;
cin >> c;
if(toupper(c)!='Y')
return;
if(p1==stu) {
stu = p1->next;
delete p1;
}
else {
p2->next = p1->next;
delete p1;
}
cout << "find the number is:" << num1 << " delete\n";
}
else
cout << "there's no information about that!\n";
}
void cla::samend() {
system("cls");
long num1;
cout << "\n** change the student number**\n";
cout << "input the changing number";
cin >> num1;
student *p1,*p2;
p1 = stu;
while(p1) {
if(p1->num == num1)
break;
else {
p2 = p1;
p1 = p1->next;
}
}
if(p1!=NULL) {
cout << "the number is" << num1 << "'information" << endl;
cout << "name "<<p1->name<<"math"<<p1->x<<"language"<<p1->y<<"english"<<p1->z<<endl;
cout<<"please the changing information：name math language english"<<endl;
cin>>p1->name>>p1->x>>p1->y>>p1->z;
p1->AA=p1->x+p1->y+p1->z;
cout<<"change suceed"<<endl;
}
else
cout<<"no found!\n";
}
void cla::ssearch() {
system("cls");
cout<<"\n** look for **\n"<<endl;
cout<<"please input the way："<<endl;
cout<<"1.number"<<endl;
cout<<"2.name"<<endl;
cout<<"3.return"<<endl;
char c;
cin>>c;
switch (c) {
case '1':
{
long num1;
cout<<"the number"<<endl;
cin>>num1;
student *p1,*p2;
p1=stu;
while(p1) {
if(p1->num==num1)
break;
else {
p2=p1;
p1=p1->next;
}
}
if(p1!=NULL) {
cout<<"muber is"<<num1<<" information"<<endl;
cout<<"name:"<<p1->name<<" math:"<<p1->x<<" language:"<<p1->y<<" english:"<<p1->z<<endl;
cout<<"down";
}
else
cout<<"no foud!\n";
break;
}
case '2':
{
string name1;
cout<<"the name"<<endl;
cin>>name1;
student *p1,*p2;
p1=stu;
while(p1) {
if(p1->name==name1)
break;
else {
p2=p1;
p1=p1->next;
}
}
if(p1!=NULL) {
cout<<name1<<"information"<<endl;
cout<<"number:"<<p1->num<<" math:"<<p1->x<<" language:"<<p1->y<<" english:"<<p1->z<<endl;
cout<<"down...";
}
else
cout<<"no foud!\n";
break;
}
case '3':
return;
}
}
void cla::pxh() {
student *p1,*p2;
int n;
p1=stu;
n=1;
while(p1->next) {
n++;
p1=p1->next;
}
cout<<"have"<<n<<"message..."<<endl;
int i;
p1=stu;
for(i=1;i<n;i++) {
p1=stu;
if (p1->num>p1->next->num) {
p2=p1->next;
p1->next=p1->next->next;
p2->next=p1;
stu=p2;
}
p1=stu;
while(p1->next->next) {
p2=p1;
p1=p1->next;
if(p1->num>p1->next->num) {
p2->next=p1->next;
p1->next=p1->next->next;
p2->next->next=p1;
p1=p2->next;
}
}
}
p1=stu;
do {
p1->play();
p1=p1->next;
}while(p1);
}
void cla::psx() {
student *p1,*p2;
int n;
p1=stu;
n=1;
while(p1->next) {
n++;
p1=p1->next;
}
cout<<"have"<<n<<"message..."<<endl;
int i;
p1=stu;
for(i=1;i<n;i++) {
p1=stu;
if (p1->x>p1->next->x) {
p2=p1->next;
p1->next=p1->next->next;
p2->next=p1;
stu=p2;
}
p1=stu;
while(p1->next->next) {
p2=p1;
p1=p1->next;
if(p1->x>p1->next->x) {
p2->next=p1->next;
p1->next=p1->next->next;
p2->next->next=p1;
p1=p2->next;
}
}
}
p1=stu;
do {
p1->play();
p1=p1->next;
}while(p1);
}
void cla::pyw() {
student *p1,*p2;
int n;
p1=stu;
n=1;
while(p1->next) {
n++;
p1=p1->next;
}
cout<<"have"<<n<<"message..."<<endl;
int i;
p1=stu;
for(i=1;i<n;i++) {
p1=stu;
if (p1->y>p1->next->y) {
p2=p1->next;
p1->next=p1->next->next;
p2->next=p1;
stu=p2;
}
p1=stu;
while(p1->next->next) {
p2=p1;
p1=p1->next;
if(p1->y>p1->next->y) {
p2->next=p1->next;
p1->next=p1->next->next;
p2->next->next=p1;
p1=p2->next;
}
}
}
p1=stu;
do {
p1->play();
p1=p1->next;
}while(p1);
}
void cla::pyy() {
student *p1,*p2;
int n;
p1=stu;
n=1;
while(p1->next) {
n++;
p1=p1->next;
}
cout<<"have"<<n<<"message..."<<endl;
int i;
p1=stu;
for(i=1;i<n;i++) {
p1=stu;
if (p1->z>p1->next->z) {
p2=p1->next;
p1->next=p1->next->next;
p2->next=p1;
stu=p2;
}
p1=stu;
while(p1->next->next) {
p2=p1;
p1=p1->next;
if(p1->z>p1->next->z) {
p2->next=p1->next;
p1->next=p1->next->next;
p2->next->next=p1;
p1=p2->next;
}
}
}
p1=stu;
do {
p1->play();
p1=p1->next;
}while(p1);
}
void cla::pAA() {
student *p1,*p2;
int n;
p1=stu;
n=1;
while(p1->next) {
n++;
p1=p1->next;
}
cout<<"have"<<n<<"message..."<<endl;
int i;
p1=stu;
for(i=1;i<n;i++) {
p1=stu;
if (p1->AA>p1->next->AA) {
p2=p1->next;
p1->next=p1->next->next;
p2->next=p1; //头结点交换
stu=p2;
}
p1=stu;
while(p1->next->next) { //中间的交换
p2=p1;
p1=p1->next;
if(p1->AA>p1->next->AA) {
p2->next=p1->next;
p1->next=p1->next->next;
p2->next->next=p1;
p1=p2->next; //交换
}
}
}
p1=stu;
do {
p1->play();
p1=p1->next;
}while(p1);
}
void cla::staxis() { //排序
system("cls");
char c;
cout<<"请选择以何种方式排序："<<endl;
cout<<"1……number"<<endl;
cout<<"2……math"<<endl;
cout<<"3……language"<<endl;
cout<<"4……english"<<endl;
cout<<"5……total"<<endl;
cout<<"6……return"<<endl;
cout<<"choose(1-6)"<<endl;
cin>>c;
switch (c) {
case '1':pxh(); break;
case '2':psx(); break;
case '3':pyw(); break;
case '4':pyy(); break;
case '5':pAA(); break;
case '6':return;
}
}
void cla::ssave() {
system("cls");
char c;
cout<<"\nsafe,[Y/N]:";
cin>>c;
if(toupper(c)!='Y')
return;
ofstream tfile("date.txt",ios_base::binary);
student *p=stu;
while(p) {
tfile<<p->name<<"\t"<<p->num<<"\t"<<p->x<<"\t"<<p->y<<"\t"<<p->z;
tfile<<endl;
p=p->next;
}
tfile.close();
cout<<"down..."<<endl;
}
void cla::sload() {
student *p;
p=stu;
while(p) {
stu=p->next;
delete p;
p=stu;
}
ifstream tfile("date.txt",ios_base::binary);
string name1;
long num1;
int x1,y1,z1;
tfile>>name1>>num1>>x1>>y1>>z1;
while(tfile.good()) {
student *s;
s=stu;
s=new student(name1,num1,x1,y1,z1);
s->next=0;
s->AA=x1+y1+z1;
if(stu) {
student *p2;
p2=stu;
while(p2->next) {
p2=p2->next;
}
p2->next=s;
}
else {
stu=s;
}
tfile>>name1>>num1>>x1>>y1>>z1;
}
tfile.close();
cout<<"\ninformation has down...\n";
}
#endif
