树莓派系统烧录安装
系统烧录
先格式化，格式化后要重新插拔一下，之后选择系统烧录
官网下载镜像 https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/operating-systems/
使用 ImageWriter 烧录系统
开启ssh
sudo raspi-config
选择 Interfacing Options 再选择 ssh
换源
- 备份
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_bak - 换源
# 中国科技大学 sudo sed -i 's/deb.debian.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list - 更新
sudo apt-get update
允许 root 远程登录
passwd <用户名> # root 下，修改root密码
修改配置文件
sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
设置 PermitRootLogin 参数值为 yes
service sshd restart # 或者
/etc/initd.d/sshd restart
更新时间
sudo apt-get install ntpdate
sudo ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com
date #查看时间是否正确
sudo tzselect
# 根据提示选择 亚洲 中国 北京 YES
sudo vi /etc/profile # 更新系统变量
在 export PATH 前加一行 export TZ='Asia/Shanghai'
在 export PATH 改为 export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$TZ:$PATH 之后保存
source /etc/profile # 更新系统变量
date #查看时间是否正确
配置ddns（cloudflare）
ddns脚本 可以直接复制，里面也有教程，记得修改文件权限
点击查看代码
#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -o errexit
set -o nounset
set -o pipefail
# Automatically update your CloudFlare DNS record to the IP, Dynamic DNS
# Can retrieve cloudflare Domain id and list zone's, because, lazy
# Place at:
# curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yulewang/cloudflare-api-v4-ddns/master/cf-v4-ddns.sh > /usr/local/bin/cf-ddns.sh && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cf-ddns.sh
# run `crontab -e` and add next line:
# */1 * * * * /usr/local/bin/cf-ddns.sh >/dev/null 2>&1
# or you need log:
# */1 * * * * /usr/local/bin/cf-ddns.sh >> /var/log/cf-ddns.log 2>&1
# Usage:
# cf-ddns.sh -k cloudflare-api-key \
# -u user@example.com \
# -h host.example.com \ # fqdn of the record you want to update
# -z example.com \ # will show you all zones if forgot, but you need this
# -t A|AAAA # specify ipv4/ipv6, default: ipv4
# Optional flags:
# -f false|true \ # force dns update, disregard local stored ip
# default config
# API key, see https://www.cloudflare.com/a/account/my-account,
# incorrect api-key results in E_UNAUTH error
CFKEY=
# Username, eg: user@example.com
CFUSER=
# Zone name, eg: example.com
CFZONE_NAME=
# Hostname to update, eg: homeserver.example.com
CFRECORD_NAME=
# Record type, A(IPv4)|AAAA(IPv6), default IPv4
CFRECORD_TYPE=A
# Cloudflare TTL for record, between 120 and 86400 seconds
CFTTL=120
# Ignore local file, update ip anyway
FORCE=false
WANIPSITE="http://ipv4.icanhazip.com"
# Site to retrieve WAN ip, other examples are: bot.whatismyipaddress.com, https://api.ipify.org/ ...
if [ "$CFRECORD_TYPE" = "A" ]; then
:
elif [ "$CFRECORD_TYPE" = "AAAA" ]; then
WANIPSITE="http://ipv6.icanhazip.com"
else
echo "$CFRECORD_TYPE specified is invalid, CFRECORD_TYPE can only be A(for IPv4)|AAAA(for IPv6)"
exit 2
fi
# get parameter
while getopts k:u:h:z:t:f: opts; do
case ${opts} in
k) CFKEY=${OPTARG} ;;
u) CFUSER=${OPTARG} ;;
h) CFRECORD_NAME=${OPTARG} ;;
z) CFZONE_NAME=${OPTARG} ;;
t) CFRECORD_TYPE=${OPTARG} ;;
f) FORCE=${OPTARG} ;;
esac
done
# If required settings are missing just exit
if [ "$CFKEY" = "" ]; then
echo "Missing api-key, get at: https://www.cloudflare.com/a/account/my-account"
echo "and save in ${0} or using the -k flag"
exit 2
fi
if [ "$CFUSER" = "" ]; then
echo "Missing username, probably your email-address"
echo "and save in ${0} or using the -u flag"
exit 2
fi
if [ "$CFRECORD_NAME" = "" ]; then
echo "Missing hostname, what host do you want to update?"
echo "save in ${0} or using the -h flag"
exit 2
fi
# If the hostname is not a FQDN
if [ "$CFRECORD_NAME" != "$CFZONE_NAME" ] && ! [ -z "${CFRECORD_NAME##*$CFZONE_NAME}" ]; then
CFRECORD_NAME="$CFRECORD_NAME.$CFZONE_NAME"
echo " => Hostname is not a FQDN, assuming $CFRECORD_NAME"
fi
# Get current and old WAN ip
WAN_IP=`curl -s ${WANIPSITE}`
WAN_IP_FILE=$HOME/.cf-wan_ip_$CFRECORD_NAME.txt
if [ -f $WAN_IP_FILE ]; then
OLD_WAN_IP=`cat $WAN_IP_FILE`
else
echo "No file, need IP"
OLD_WAN_IP=""
fi
# If WAN IP is unchanged an not -f flag, exit here
if [ "$WAN_IP" = "$OLD_WAN_IP" ] && [ "$FORCE" = false ]; then
echo "WAN IP Unchanged, to update anyway use flag -f true"
exit 0
fi
# Get zone_identifier & record_identifier
ID_FILE=$HOME/.cf-id_$CFRECORD_NAME.txt
if [ -f $ID_FILE ] && [ $(wc -l $ID_FILE | cut -d " " -f 1) == 4 ] \
&& [ "$(sed -n '3,1p' "$ID_FILE")" == "$CFZONE_NAME" ] \
&& [ "$(sed -n '4,1p' "$ID_FILE")" == "$CFRECORD_NAME" ]; then
CFZONE_ID=$(sed -n '1,1p' "$ID_FILE")
CFRECORD_ID=$(sed -n '2,1p' "$ID_FILE")
else
echo "Updating zone_identifier & record_identifier"
CFZONE_ID=$(curl -s -X GET "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones?name=$CFZONE_NAME" -H "X-Auth-Email: $CFUSER" -H "X-Auth-Key: $CFKEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" | grep -Po '(?<="id":")[^"]*' | head -1 )
CFRECORD_ID=$(curl -s -X GET "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CFZONE_ID/dns_records?name=$CFRECORD_NAME" -H "X-Auth-Email: $CFUSER" -H "X-Auth-Key: $CFKEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" | grep -Po '(?<="id":")[^"]*' | head -1 )
echo "$CFZONE_ID" > $ID_FILE
echo "$CFRECORD_ID" >> $ID_FILE
echo "$CFZONE_NAME" >> $ID_FILE
echo "$CFRECORD_NAME" >> $ID_FILE
fi
# If WAN is changed, update cloudflare
echo "Updating DNS to $WAN_IP"
RESPONSE=$(curl -s -X PUT "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CFZONE_ID/dns_records/$CFRECORD_ID" \
-H "X-Auth-Email: $CFUSER" \
-H "X-Auth-Key: $CFKEY" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
--data "{\"id\":\"$CFZONE_ID\",\"type\":\"$CFRECORD_TYPE\",\"name\":\"$CFRECORD_NAME\",\"content\":\"$WAN_IP\", \"ttl\":$CFTTL}")
if [ "$RESPONSE" != "${RESPONSE%success*}" ] && [ "$(echo $RESPONSE | grep "\"success\":true")" != "" ]; then
echo "Updated succesfuly!"
echo $WAN_IP > $WAN_IP_FILE
exit
else
echo 'Something went wrong :('
echo "Response: $RESPONSE"
exit 1
fi
ps: 选择默认编辑器 select-editor
GUI
删除gui
sudo apt purge xserver* lightdm* raspberrypi-ui-mods vlc* lxde* chromium* desktop* gnome* gstreamer* gtk* hicolor-icon-theme* lx* mesa*
sudo apt autoremove
安装GUI
sudo tasksel
在出现的界面中选择 GUI，用 空格 确认，最后回车，之后会进行安装
安装后 输sudo raspi-config ，选择System Options ，之后选择 Boot/Auto Login, 选择桌面运行，然后重启
将系统变为中文
在控制台中输入 sudo raspi-config，选择 Localisation Options ，选择 zh_CN,UTF8 空格选中，回车，重启
远程连接
sudo apt-get install xrdp
用windows mstsc连接
如果要使用 root 或 pi 用户登录，则需修改 xorg.conf 里的内容
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xrdp/xorg.conf
# 替换
#Option "DRMDevice" "/dev/dri/renderD128"
Option "DRMDevice" ""
ps： gedit安装命令 sudo apt-get install gedit
