JSONObject基本内容(三)
参考资料:http://swiftlet.net/archives/category/json 十分感谢!!!~~
第三篇的内容,主要讲述的有两点: 1 .如何获取JSONObject中对应key的value。 2.如何把JSONObject转换为javaBean对象。
一)获取JSONObject中属性值
首先我们写一个javaBean类
public class Emp { private String name; private Integer age; private boolean married; public boolean isMarried() { return married; } public void setMarried(boolean married) { this.married = married; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } }
然后按正常方法,生成对象,把它转换为JSONObject,接着看注释吧~
public static void main(String[] args) { Emp emp = new Emp(); emp.setName("Rime"); emp.setAge(23); emp.setMarried(false); //转换为JSONObject JSONObject json = JSONObject.fromObject(emp); System.out.println(json.toString()); //利用key获取属性值,和map相似 String name = json.getString("name"); Integer age = json.getInt("age"); boolean married = json.getBoolean("married"); System.out.println(name + "," + age + "," + married); }
输出结果:
{"age":23,"married":false,"name":"Rime"}
Rime,23,false
看到这里你或许会有疑问,(1)假如JSONObject中并没有这个key存在,会怎么样?(2)这个key对应的value的类型错了,怎么办?(3)如果value是复杂数据类型,怎么办?
既然有疑问,那么我们一个一个解决。
(1)我们故意把"name"写错,写成"nane",结果系统报错:
Exception in thread "main" net.sf.json.JSONException: JSONObject["nane"] not found
为了防止这种异常,我们可以用optXXX方法,来代替getXXX方法。
即:
String name = json.optString("nane");//当jsonObject中不存在该key时,可以用optXXX来获取空值或者默认值,而不是报异常
设置默认值:
String name = json.optString("nane","notExits");
设置默认之后,当nane属性不存在时,返回notExits字符串。
(2)我们把程序修改一下
String name = json.getString("age"); boolean married = json.getBoolean("name"); Integer age = json.getInt("name");
运行程序,会报错:
Exception in thread "main" net.sf.json.JSONException: JSONObject["name"] is not a Boolean.
Exception in thread "main" net.sf.json.JSONException: JSONObject["name"] is not a number.这一类错误。
特别要注意的是{"age":23,"married":false,"name":"false"},其中没带""号的false是boolean类型,带引号的是字符串类型。
还有就是大多数类型可以转换为字符串类型,但是反过来就不行了。
(3)复杂数据类型
写一个复杂点的bean
public class Student implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private String sname; private Integer age; private Date birth; private List<String> courses; private Map<String,String> photo; private Emp emp;
然后,生成对象,给属性赋值
public static void main(String[] args) { Student s = new Student(); List<String> sList = new LinkedList<String>(); Map<String,String> photos = new HashMap<String,String>(); Emp emp = new Emp(); emp.setName("me"); emp.setAge(10); emp.setMarried(false); sList.add("a"); sList.add("b"); photos.put("c", "c"); photos.put("d", "d"); s.setSname("EZ"); s.setAge(23); s.setBirth(new Date()); s.setCourses(sList); s.setPhoto(photos); s.setEmp(emp); JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(s); System.out.println(jsonObject.toString()); //jsonObject转换为javaBean Student student = (Student) JSONObject.toBean(jsonObject, Student.class); System.out.println(student.getSname() + ";" + student.getAge() + ";" +student.getBirth() + ";" + student.getCourses().get(1) + ";" + student.getPhoto().get("c") + ";" + student.getEmp()); }
运行结果:
{"age":23,"birth":{"date":7,"day":2,"hours":17,"minutes":24,"month":6,"seconds":33,"time":1436261073641,"timezoneOffset":-480,"year":115},"courses":["a","b"],"emp":{"age":10,"married":false,"name":"me"},"photo":{"d":"d","c":"c"},"sname":"EZ"}
2015-7-7 17:24:33 net.sf.json.JSONObject toBean
信息: Property 'day' of class java.util.Date has no write method. SKIPPED.
2015-7-7 17:24:33 net.sf.json.JSONObject toBean
信息: Property 'timezoneOffset' of class java.util.Date has no write method. SKIPPED.
EZ;23;Tue Jul 07 17:24:33 CST 2015;b;c;com.vmaxtam.json.Emp@43b09468
虽然顺利把数据转换回去了,但是出现了警告信息,总让人无法安心下来。
如果仔细观察,可以发现,以上警告都是有关 java.util.Date 的警告,那么Date类型该如何处理呢?
并且,留意 "birth":{"date":8,"day":3,"hours":11,"minutes":11,"month":6,"seconds":31,"time":1436325091564,"timezoneOffset":-480,"year":115},
你会发现这个格式的数据十分难懂,而且我们一般只要用到yyyy-MM-dd这种格式。
二)Date类型
关于Date类型的转换,我们可以通过转换器来实现。
先写一个转换器:
public class JsonDateValueProcessor implements JsonValueProcessor { private String datePattern = "yyyy-MM-dd"; public JsonDateValueProcessor() { super(); } public JsonDateValueProcessor(String format) { super(); this.datePattern = format; } @Override public Object processArrayValue(Object value, JsonConfig jsonConfig) { return process(value); } @Override public Object processObjectValue(String key, Object value, JsonConfig jsonConfig) { return process(value); } private Object process(Object value) { try { if (value instanceof Date) { SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern, Locale.UK); return sdf.format((Date) value); } return value == null ? "" : value.toString(); } catch (Exception e) { return ""; } } public String getDatePattern() { return datePattern; } public void setDatePattern(String pDatePattern) { datePattern = pDatePattern; } }
然后再进行测试:
public static void main(String[] args) { Student s = new Student(); s.setBirth(new Date()); JsonConfig config = new JsonConfig(); config.registerJsonValueProcessor(Date.class, new JsonDateValueProcessor()); JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(s,config); System.out.println(jsonObject.toString()); }
最后输出的结果
{"age":0,"birth":"2015-07-08","courses":[],"emp":null,"photo":null,"sname":""}