JavaMail
目录
JavaMail学习
发送文本、发送html模板、群发、发送附件
预备
POM
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.4.7</version>
</dependency>
开始
javax.mail.Session：上下文环境信息，如服务器的主机名、端口号、协议名称等
javax.mail.Message：邮件模型，发送邮件和接收邮件的媒介，封装了邮件的信息，如发件人、收件人、邮件标题、邮件内容等
javax.mail.Transport：连接邮件SMTP服务器，发送邮件
javax.mail.Store：连接邮件POP3、IMAP服务器，收取邮件
定义发送者信息mail.properties
#Sender Auth
username=发送者邮箱账户
password=发送者邮箱密码
#Sender Info
from.address=发送者邮箱地址
#Sender Server(这里测试发送者使用QQ邮箱)
mail.smtp.host=smtp.qq.com
mail.smtp.auth=true
mail.smtp.port=587
定义配置读取类MailConfig.java
package com;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
public class MailConfig {
private static Properties properties;
public static Properties getProperties() {
if (null == properties) {
properties = new Properties();
InputStream stream = MailDemo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("mail.properties");
try {
properties.load(stream);
stream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return properties;
}
public static String getHost() {
return getProperties().getProperty("mail.smtp.host");
}
public static String getPort() {
return getProperties().getProperty("mail.smtp.port");
}
public static String getUserName() {
return getProperties().getProperty("username");
}
public static String getPassword() {
return getProperties().getProperty("password");
}
public static String getFromAddress() {
return getProperties().getProperty("from.address");
}
public static boolean getAuth() {
return "true".equalsIgnoreCase(getProperties().getProperty("mail.smtp.auth"));
}
}
定义认证类DemoAuthenticator.java
/**
* 认证信息
*/
package com;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
public class DemoAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
//用户名
private String userName ;
//用户密码
private String password ;
public DemoAuthenticator() {
}
public DemoAuthenticator(String username, String password) {
this.userName = username;
this.password = password;
}
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
定义邮件内容类MailDetail.java
/***
* 邮件详情
*/
package com;
public class MailDetail {
// 邮件接收者的地址
private String toAddress;
// 邮件主题
private String subject;
// 邮件的文本内容
private String content;
// 邮件附件的文件名
private String[] attachFileNames;
public String getToAddress() {
return toAddress;
}
public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {
this.toAddress = toAddress;
}
public String getSubject() {
return subject;
}
public void setSubject(String subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
public String[] getAttachFileNames() {
return attachFileNames;
}
public void setAttachFileNames(String[] attachFileNames) {
this.attachFileNames = attachFileNames;
}
}
定义发送器类
package com;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
/**
* 简单邮件（不带附件的邮件）发送器
*/
public class SimpleMailSender {
/**
* 以文本格式发送邮件
*
* @param detail
* 待发送的邮件的信息
*/
public static boolean sendTextMail(MailDetail detail) {
// 判断是否需要身份认证
DemoAuthenticator authenticator = null;
Properties pro = MailConfig.getProperties();
System.out.println("是否需要验证:" + (MailConfig.getAuth() == true));
if (MailConfig.getAuth()) {
// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
authenticator = new DemoAuthenticator(MailConfig.getUserName(), MailConfig.getPassword());
}
// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);
try {
// 根据session创建一个邮件消息
Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
// 创建邮件发送者地址
Address from = new InternetAddress(MailConfig.getFromAddress());
// 设置邮件消息的发送者
mailMessage.setFrom(from);
// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
Address to = new InternetAddress(detail.getToAddress());
mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
//循环add可以实现群发
//mailMessage.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
// 设置邮件消息的主题
mailMessage.setSubject(detail.getSubject());
// 设置邮件消息发送的时间
mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
// 设置邮件消息的主要内容
String mailContent = detail.getContent();
mailMessage.setText(mailContent);
mailMessage.saveChanges();
// 发送邮件方式一
/*
* mailMessage.saveChanges(); // implicit with send() Transport
* transport = sendMailSession.getTransport("smtp");
* transport.connect(MailProperties.getHost(),
* MailProperties.getUserName(), MailProperties.getPassword());
* transport.sendMessage(mailMessage,
* mailMessage.getAllRecipients()); transport.close();
*/
// 发送邮件方式二
Transport.send(mailMessage);
return true;
} catch (MessagingException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
/**
* 以HTML格式发送邮件
*
* @param detail
* 待发送的邮件信息
*/
public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailDetail detail) {
// 判断是否需要身份认证
DemoAuthenticator authenticator = null;
Properties pro = MailConfig.getProperties();
// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
if (MailConfig.getAuth()) {
authenticator = new DemoAuthenticator(MailConfig.getUserName(), MailConfig.getPassword());
}
// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);
try {
// 根据session创建一个邮件消息
Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
// 创建邮件发送者地址
Address from = new InternetAddress(MailConfig.getFromAddress());
// 设置邮件消息的发送者
mailMessage.setFrom(from);
// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
Address to = new InternetAddress(detail.getToAddress());
// Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO
mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
// 设置邮件消息的主题
mailMessage.setSubject(detail.getSubject());
// 设置邮件消息发送的时间
mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
// MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象
Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();
// 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart
BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();
// 设置HTML内容
html.setContent(detail.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");
mainPart.addBodyPart(html);
// 添加附件
MimeBodyPart mimeBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
mimeBodyPart.attachFile("C:\\Apps\\QQ\\Plugin\\Com.Tencent.QQVip\\Misc\\CustomFont\\101\\qie17b.png");
mimeBodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord("测试附件.png"));
mainPart.addBodyPart(mimeBodyPart);
// 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容
mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);
mailMessage.saveChanges();
// 发送邮件
Transport.send(mailMessage);
return true;
} catch (MessagingException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
}
测试Demo
public static void main(String[] args) {
MailDetail detail = new MailDetail();
detail.setToAddress(接收者邮箱地址);
detail.setSubject("测试邮箱标题WithHtml");
detail.setContent(readTemplate());
//发送文本
boolean result = SimpleMailSender.sendTextMail(detail);
//发送html格式
//boolean result = SimpleMailSender.sendHtmlMail(detail);
// 发送文体格式
if(result){
System.out.println("发送成功...");
}else{
System.out.println("发送失败...");
}
}
附加(读取文本)
private static String readTemplate() {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
String encoding = "UTF-8";
InputStreamReader read = null;
try {
read = new InputStreamReader(MailDemo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("temp.html"), encoding);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(read);
String lineTxt = null;
while ((lineTxt = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
builder.append(lineTxt);
}
read.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("读取文件内容出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return builder.toString();
}
