ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 搜素关键字自动补全(Completion Suggest)

目录

ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 概述
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - ES、Kibana、IK安装
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - Restful基本操作
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - Java SpringBoot ES 索引操作
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - Java SpringBoot ES 文档操作
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 测试数据准备
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - term、terms查询
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - match、match_all、multimatch查询
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - id、ids、prefix、fuzzy、wildcard、range、regexp 查询
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - Scroll 深分页
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - delete-by-query
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 复合查询
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - filter查询
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 高亮查询
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 聚合查询 cardinality
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 经纬度查询
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 搜素关键字自动补全(suggest)
ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - SpringBoot 完整实现 Demo 附源码

需求

搜素关键字自动补全(suggest)
输入“人工” 自动带出人工开头的关键字
image

Kibana 界面操作 实现 搜素关键字自动补全(suggest)

ES使用Completion Suggest 做关键字自动补全时,实际应用中搜索性能更加高效,建议多开一个子字段,如下示例,假设要根据title字段做关键字自动补全,不要改原字段的类型,多开一个子字段title.suggest,类型设置为completion,然后之后的suggest针对title.suggest字段做操作

  • Term Suggester:词条建议器。对给输入的文本进进行分词,为每个分词提供词项建议, 基于编辑距离,对analyze过的单个term去提供建议,并不会考虑多个term/词组之间的关系。quert -> query
  • Phrase Suggester:短语建议器,在term的基础上,会考量多个term之间的关系在Term Suggester的基础上,通过ngram以词组为单位返回建议。noble prize -> nobel prize
  • Completion Suggester:它主要针对的应用场景就是"Auto Completion",FST数据结构,类似Trie树,不用打开倒排,快速返回,前缀匹配
  • Context Suggester:上下文建议器,在Completion Suggester的基础上,用于filter和boost

创建索引

## 创建索引并指定结构
PUT /article-index
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 3,
    "number_of_replicas": 0
  },
  "mappings": {
    "properties":{
      "id":{
        "type":"keyword"
      },
      "title":{
        "type":"text",
        "analyzer":"ik_max_word",
        "fields": {   # 扩展一个字段,用于关键字自动补全查询
            "suggest" : {
              "type" : "completion",
              "analyzer": "ik_max_word"
            }
          }
      },
      "summary":{
        "type":"text",
        "analyzer":"ik_max_word"
      },
      "createDate":{
        "type":"date",
        "format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd"
      }
    }
  }
}

添加数据

JSON { 括号里面的内容,不能换行 }

# _bulk 批量添加文档
POST /article-index/_doc/_bulk
{"index":{"_id":1}}
{"id":1,"title":"人工智能技术","summary":"ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - ES、Kibana、IK安装","createDate":"2023-02-23"}
{"index":{"_id":2}}
{"id":2,"title":"人工智能软件 Chart GTP","summary":"太极生两仪,两仪生四象,四象生八卦","createDate":"2023-02-23"} 
{"index":{"_id":3}}
{"id":3,"title":"Restful基本操作","summary":"ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - Java SpringBoot ES 索引操作","createDate":"2023-02-23"} 
{"index":{"_id":4}}
{"id":4,"title":"人工呼吸","summary":"ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 经纬度查询","createDate":"2023-02-23"} 
{"index":{"_id":5}}
{"id":5,"title":"SpringBoot 全文检索实战","summary":"ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - SpringBoot 全文检索实战","createDate":"2023-02-23"}

查询数据

## 查询
GET /article-index/_doc/_search
{
  "suggest": {
    "my-suggest" : {
      "prefix" : "人",
      "completion" : {
        "field" : "title.suggest"
      }
    }
  }
}

返回值--自动带出人开头的关键字

{
  "took" : 3,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 3,
    "successful" : 3,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 0,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : null,
    "hits" : [ ]
  },
  "suggest" : {
    "my-suggest" : [
      {
        "text" : "人",
        "offset" : 0,
        "length" : 1,
        "options" : [
          {
            "text" : "人工呼吸",
            "_index" : "article-index",
            "_type" : "_doc",
            "_id" : "4",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "id" : 4,
              "title" : "人工呼吸",
              "summary" : "ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 经纬度查询",
              "createDate" : "2023-02-23"
            }
          },
          {
            "text" : "人工智能技术",
            "_index" : "article-index",
            "_type" : "_doc",
            "_id" : "1",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "id" : 1,
              "title" : "人工智能技术",
              "summary" : "ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - ES、Kibana、IK安装",
              "createDate" : "2023-02-23"
            }
          },
          {
            "text" : "人工智能软件 Chart GTP",
            "_index" : "article-index",
            "_type" : "_doc",
            "_id" : "2",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "id" : 2,
              "title" : "人工智能软件 Chart GTP",
              "summary" : "太极生两仪,两仪生四象,四象生八卦",
              "createDate" : "2023-02-23"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

image

JAVA SpringBoot 实现 搜素关键字自动补全(suggest)

创建索引

/**
 * 第一步:系统初始化,创建索引
 * 如果索引不存在,创建,输出
 */
@Test
void createIndexTest() throws Exception {
    boolean indexExists = elasticSearchUtil.indexExists(INDEX_NAME);
    if (!indexExists) {
        try {
            createIndex(INDEX_NAME);
            logger.info("索引【{}】,创建成功", INDEX_NAME);

            //测试效果 可再次查询验证。
            indexExists = elasticSearchUtil.indexExists(INDEX_NAME);
            logger.info("索引【{}】, {}", INDEX_NAME, indexExists ? "验证存在" : "验证不存在");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    } else {
        logger.info("索引【{}】已存在,无需创建", INDEX_NAME);
    }
}

/**
 * 创建索引
 *
 * @param indexName
 * @throws Exception
 */
void createIndex(String indexName) throws Exception {
    //准备索引的 settings
    Settings.Builder settings = Settings.builder()
            .put("number_of_shards", INDEX_NUMBER_OF_SHARDS)   //分片数,可以使用常量
            .put("number_of_replicas", esProperties.getReplicasNum()); //是否集群,需要多少副本,在配置文件中配置

    //准备索引的结构 Mappings
    XContentBuilder mappings = JsonXContent.contentBuilder()
            .startObject()
            .startObject("properties")
            .startObject("id").field("type", "keyword").endObject()
            .startObject("title").field("type", "text").field("analyzer", "ik_max_word")
                .startObject("fields").startObject("suggest").field("type", "completion").field("analyzer", "ik_max_word").endObject().endObject()
            .endObject()  //对该字段进行分词
            .startObject("summary").field("type", "text").field("analyzer", "ik_max_word").endObject()  //对该字段进行分词
            .startObject("createDate").field("type", "date").field("format", "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").endObject()
            .endObject()
            .endObject();

    CreateIndexResponse resp = elasticSearchUtil.createIndex(indexName, settings, mappings);

    //输出
    logger.info("CreateIndexResponse => {} ", resp.toString());
}

添加数据

/**
 * 第二步:模拟后台管理员,在添加文章时,将要检查的字段内容,同步到ES中
 */
@Test
void addArticleTest() throws Exception {
    Map<Integer, String> titleMap = new HashMap<>();
    titleMap.put(1, "人工智能技术");
    titleMap.put(2, "人工智能软件 Chart GTP");
    titleMap.put(3, "Restful基本操作");
    titleMap.put(4, "Java SpringBoot ES 索引操作");
    titleMap.put(5, "Java SpringBoot ES 文档操作");
    titleMap.put(6, "人工呼吸");
    titleMap.put(7, "SpringBoot 全文检索实战");

    Map<Integer, String> introMap = new HashMap<>();
    introMap.put(1, "ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 概述");
    introMap.put(2, "ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - ES、Kibana、IK安装");
    introMap.put(3, "ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - Restful基本操作");
    introMap.put(4, "ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - Java SpringBoot ES 索引操作");
    introMap.put(5, "ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - Java SpringBoot ES 文档操作");
    introMap.put(6, "ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - 经纬度查询");
    introMap.put(7, "ElasticSearch 实现分词全文检索 - SpringBoot 全文检索实战");

    //内容
    Map<Integer, String> contentMap = new HashMap<>();
    contentMap.put(1, "【阿里云】尊敬的vipsoft:您有2台云服务器ECS配置升级成功。如有CPU、内存变更或0Mbps带宽升级,您需要在ECS控制台手动重启云服务器后才能生效。");
    contentMap.put(2, "为更好地为您提供服务,温馨提醒:您本月有1次抽奖机会,赢取大额通用流量,月月抽月月领,点击掌厅链接 原URL:http://wap.js.10086.cn/Mq 快来试试你的运气吧,如本月已参与请忽略【江苏移动心级服务,让爱连接】");
    contentMap.put(3, "国家反诈中心提醒:公检法机关会当面向涉案人员出示证件或法律文书,绝对不会通过网络给当事人发送通缉令、拘留证、逮捕证等法律文书,并要求转账汇款。\n" +
            "切记:公检法机关不存在所谓“安全账户”,更不会让你远程转账汇款!");
    contentMap.put(4, "【江苏省公安厅、江苏省通信管理局】温馨提示:近期利用苹果手机iMessage消息冒充熟人、冒充领导换号、添加新微信号等诈骗形式多发。如有收到类似短信,请您谨慎判断,苹果手机用户如无需要可关闭iMessage功能,以免上当受骗。");
    contentMap.put(5, "多一点快乐,少一点懊恼,不管钞票有多少,只有天天开心就好,累了就睡觉,生活的甜苦,自己来调味。收到信息就要开心的笑");
    contentMap.put(6, "黄金周好运每天交,我把祝福来送到:愿您生活步步高,彩票期期中,股票每天涨,生意年年旺,祝您新年新景象!");
    contentMap.put(7, "【阿里云】当你手机响,那是我的问候;当你收到短信,那有我的心声;当你翻阅短信,那有我的牵挂;当你筹备关机时,记得我今天说过周末快乐!");
    contentMap.put(8, "我刚去了一趟银行,取了无数的幸福黄金好运珠宝平安翡翠成功股票健康基金。嘘!别作声,统统的送给你,因为我想提“钱”祝你国庆节快乐!");
    contentMap.put(9, "一个人的精彩,一个人的打拼,一个人的承载,一个人的舞蹈。光棍节送你祝福,不因你是光棍,只因你生活色彩。祝你:快乐打拼,生活出彩!");
    contentMap.put(10, "爆竹响激情燃放,雪花舞祥风欢畅,烟火腾期待闪亮,感动涌心中激荡,心情美春节冲浪,愿景好心中珍藏,祝与福短信奉上:祝您身体健康,兔年吉祥!");

    //模似7次 添加文章
    for (int i = 1; i <= 7; i++) {
        ArticleInfo article = new ArticleInfo();
        article.setId(String.valueOf(i));
        article.setTitle(titleMap.get(i));
        article.setAuthor("VipSoft");
        article.setSummary(introMap.get(i));
        article.setContent(contentMap.get(i));
        article.setCreateTime(new Date());
        //将article 保存到 MySQL --- 省略
        boolean flag = true; //保存数据到 MySQL 数据库成功
        if (flag) {
            //将需要查询的数据,赋给DTO,更新到 ES中
            ArticleDTO articleDTO = new ArticleDTO();
            BeanUtils.copyProperties(article, articleDTO);
            String json = JSON.toJSONStringWithDateFormat(articleDTO, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); //FastJson 将日期格式化
            IndexResponse resp = elasticSearchUtil.createDoc(INDEX_NAME, articleDTO.getId(), json);
            logger.info(" {}", resp.getResult().toString());
        }
    }
}

查询数据

/**
 * 第三步:模拟用户搜索,输入关键词“人”,带出和人有关的关键词
 */
@Test
void earchTest() throws Exception {
    List<String>  resp = elasticSearchUtil.suggest(INDEX_NAME, "title.suggest", "人", 2);
    //4. 获取到 _source 中的数据,并展示
    for (String hit : resp) {
        System.out.println(hit);
    }
}

/**
 * 自动补全 根据用户的输入联想到可能的词或者短语
 *
 * @param indexName 索引名称
 * @param field     搜索条件字段
 * @param keywords  搜索关键字
 * @param size      匹配数量
 * @return
 * @throws Exception
 */
public List<String> suggest(String indexName, String field, String keywords, int size) throws Exception {
    //定义返回
    List<String> suggestList = new ArrayList<>();
    //构建查询请求
    SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest(indexName);
    //通过查询构建器定义评分排序
    SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
    searchSourceBuilder.sort(new ScoreSortBuilder().order(SortOrder.DESC));
    //构造搜索建议语句,搜索条件字段
    CompletionSuggestionBuilder completionSuggestionBuilder = new CompletionSuggestionBuilder(field);
    //搜索关键字
    completionSuggestionBuilder.prefix(keywords);
    //去除重复
    completionSuggestionBuilder.skipDuplicates(true);
    //匹配数量
    completionSuggestionBuilder.size(size);
    searchSourceBuilder.suggest(new SuggestBuilder().addSuggestion("article-suggest", completionSuggestionBuilder));
    //article-suggest为返回的字段,所有返回将在article-suggest里面,可写死,sort按照评分排序
    searchRequest.source(searchSourceBuilder);
    //定义查找响应
    SearchResponse suggestResponse = esClient.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    //定义完成建议对象
    CompletionSuggestion completionSuggestion = suggestResponse.getSuggest().getSuggestion("article-suggest");
    List<CompletionSuggestion.Entry.Option> optionsList = completionSuggestion.getEntries().get(0).getOptions();
    //从optionsList取出结果
    if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(optionsList)) {
        optionsList.forEach(item -> suggestList.add(item.getText().toString()));
    }
    return suggestList;
}

image

ElasticSearchUtil 代码见 - SpringBoot 完整实现 Demo 附源码

posted @ 2023-03-22 08:48  VipSoft  阅读(1186)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报