【Computer Vision】 复现分割网络(1)——SegNet
Tags: ComputerVision
编译
- src/caffe/layers/contrastive_loss_layer.cpp:56:30: error: no matching function for call to ‘max(double, float)’
Dtype dist = std::max(margin - sqrt(dist_sq_.cpu_data()[i]), Dtype(0.0));
Replace line 56 by this one :
Dtype dist = std::max(margin - (float)sqrt(dist_sq_.cpu_data()[i]), Dtype(0.0));
2. .build_release/lib/libcaffe.so: undefined reference to `cv::imread(cv::String const&, int)'
Change Makefile:
LIBRARIES += glog gflags protobuf leveldb snappy
lmdb boost_system hdf5_hl hdf5 m
opencv_core opencv_highgui opencv_imgproc
add :opencv_imgcodecs
数据处理
- median frequency balancing的计算
图片分割经常会遇到class unbalance的情况,如果你的target是要求每个类别的accuracy 都很高那么在训练的时候做class balancing 很重要,如果你的target要求只要求图片总体的pixel accuracy好,那么class balancing 此时就不是很重要,因为占比小的class, accuray 虽然小,但是对总体的Pixel accuracy影响也较小。
那么看下本文中的meidan frequency balancing是如何计算的:
对于一个多类别图片数据库,每个类别都会有一个class frequency, 该类别像素数目除以数据库总像素数目, 求出所有class frequency 的median 值,除以该类别对应的frequency 得到weight:
这样可以保证占比小的class, 权重大于1, 占比大的class, 权重小于1, 达到balancing的效果.
如对我自己的数据有两类分别为0,1, 一共55张500500训练图片,统计55张图片中0,1像素的个数:
count1 227611
count0 13522389
freq1 = 227611/(50050055) = 0.0166
freq0 = 13522389/(500500*55) = 0.9834
median = 0.5
weight1 = 30.12
weight0 = 0.508
-
webdemo权重
作者训练的webdemo和他给出的模型文件的类别数目和label 是对不上号的,因此可以使用webdemo跑测试,但是最好不要在上面finetune, 直接在VGG-16上面finetune 就行 -
rgb label 转换为 gray label
一些数据集给出的label是rgb的,如下图,但是训练过程中输入网络的label一般是0 - class_num-1标记的label map, 因此需要一个转换过程,下面给出一个python2转换脚本:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import numpy as np
from itertools import izip
from argparse import ArgumentParser
from collections import OrderedDict
from skimage.io import ImageCollection, imsave
from skimage.transform import resize
camvid_colors = OrderedDict([
("Animal", np.array([64, 128, 64], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Archway", np.array([192, 0, 128], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Bicyclist", np.array([0, 128, 192], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Bridge", np.array([0, 128, 64], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Building", np.array([128, 0, 0], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Car", np.array([64, 0, 128], dtype=np.uint8)),
("CartLuggagePram", np.array([64, 0, 192], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Child", np.array([192, 128, 64], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Column_Pole", np.array([192, 192, 128], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Fence", np.array([64, 64, 128], dtype=np.uint8)),
("LaneMkgsDriv", np.array([128, 0, 192], dtype=np.uint8)),
("LaneMkgsNonDriv", np.array([192, 0, 64], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Misc_Text", np.array([128, 128, 64], dtype=np.uint8)),
("MotorcycleScooter", np.array([192, 0, 192], dtype=np.uint8)),
("OtherMoving", np.array([128, 64, 64], dtype=np.uint8)),
("ParkingBlock", np.array([64, 192, 128], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Pedestrian", np.array([64, 64, 0], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Road", np.array([128, 64, 128], dtype=np.uint8)),
("RoadShoulder", np.array([128, 128, 192], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Sidewalk", np.array([0, 0, 192], dtype=np.uint8)),
("SignSymbol", np.array([192, 128, 128], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Sky", np.array([128, 128, 128], dtype=np.uint8)),
("SUVPickupTruck", np.array([64, 128, 192], dtype=np.uint8)),
("TrafficCone", np.array([0, 0, 64], dtype=np.uint8)),
("TrafficLight", np.array([0, 64, 64], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Train", np.array([192, 64, 128], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Tree", np.array([128, 128, 0], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Truck_Bus", np.array([192, 128, 192], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Tunnel", np.array([64, 0, 64], dtype=np.uint8)),
("VegetationMisc", np.array([192, 192, 0], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Wall", np.array([64, 192, 0], dtype=np.uint8)),
("Void", np.array([0, 0, 0], dtype=np.uint8))
])
def convert_label_to_grayscale(im):
out = (np.ones(im.shape[:2]) * 255).astype(np.uint8)
for gray_val, (label, rgb) in enumerate(camvid_colors.items()):
match_pxls = np.where((im == np.asarray(rgb)).sum(-1) == 3)
out[match_pxls] = gray_val
assert (out != 255).all(), "rounding errors or missing classes in camvid_colors"
return out.astype(np.uint8)
def make_parser():
parser = ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument(
'label_dir',
help="Directory containing all RGB camvid label images as PNGs"
)
parser.add_argument(
'out_dir',
help="""Directory to save grayscale label images.
Output images have same basename as inputs so be careful not to
overwrite original RGB labels""")
return parser
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = make_parser()
args = parser.parse_args()
labs = ImageCollection(os.path.join(args.label_dir, "*"))
os.makedirs(args.out_dir)
for i, (inpath, im) in enumerate(izip(labs.files, labs)):
print(i + 1, "of", len(labs))
# resize to caffe-segnet input size and preserve label values
resized_im = (resize(im, (360, 480), order=0) * 255).astype(np.uint8)
out = convert_label_to_grayscale(resized_im)
outpath = os.path.join(args.out_dir, os.path.basename(inpath))
imsave(outpath, out)
训练结果
基于VGG-16finetune训练的一个模型迭代20000次的测试结果:
label:
基于VGG-16自己数据训练的结果:
label:
测试结果:
Reference
- Demystifying Segnet:http://5argon.info/portfolio/d/SegnetTrainingGuide.pdf