Django 3.0 + Celery 4.4 + RabbitMQ

参考文档：http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/django/first-steps-with-django.html

 

Celery是一个简单、灵活且可靠的，处理大量消息的分布式系统;

专注于实时处理的异步任务队列，Django利用Celery可以实现异步任务处理。

 

1.版本说明

Django: 3.0

Celery: 4.4

RabbitMQ: 3.8.2

Django项目名称: HttpRestServer

Django应用名称: app01

 

2.创建celery.py文件

在Django项目的settings.py文件同一级目录下创建文件 celery.py，内容如下：

from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals

import os

from celery import Celery

# set the default Django settings module for the 'celery' program.
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'HttpRestServer.settings')  # 替换 HttpRestServer 为你Django项目的名称

app = Celery('HttpRestServer')　　# 替换 HttpRestServer 为你Django项目的名称

app.conf.task_default_queue = 'app01'    # 默认队列名称为Celery
# Using a string here means the worker doesn't have to serialize
# the configuration object to child processes.
# - namespace='CELERY' means all celery-related configuration keys
#   should have a `CELERY_` prefix.
app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings', namespace='CELERY')

# Load task modules from all registered Django app configs.
app.autodiscover_tasks()


@app.task(bind=True)
def debug_task(self):
    print('Request: {0!r}'.format(self.request))

 

3.配置settings.py

在Django项目的settings.py中添加以下配置

# Celery Config
CELERY_TIMEZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
CELERY_BROKER_URL = 'amqp://user:password@rabbitmq-ip:5672'     # 将rabbitmq 用户名、密码和IP替换为你的环境
CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = 'amqp://user:password@rabbitmq-ip:5672'  # 将rabbitmq 用户名、密码和IP替换为你的环境

 

4.配置__init__.py

在Django项目的settings.py文件同一级目录下的__init__.py文件中添加以下内容：

from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals

# This will make sure the app is always imported when
# Django starts so that shared_task will use this app.
from .celery import app as celery_app

__all__ = ('celery_app',)

 

5.创建tasks.py

在Django项目的应用app01文件夹下创建 tasks.py文件，内容如下：

# Create your tasks here
from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals

from celery import shared_task


@shared_task
def add(x, y):return x + y


@shared_task
def mul(x, y):
    return x * y

 

6.启动Celery

进入Django项目的manage.py这一层级路径，执行以下命令：

$ celery -A HttpRestServer worker -l info

 

7.调用Celery

进入Django项目的manage.py这一层级路径，执行以下命令：

$ python3 manage.py shell
>>> from app01.tasks import add, mul
>>> res = add.delay(2, 4)
>>> res.id
'893c31ab-e32f-44ee-a321-8b07e9483063'
>>> res.state
'SUCCESS'
>>> res.result
6