深入浅出WPF-12.绘图与动画
绘图
1）Brush（画刷）
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SolidColorBrush实心画刷，直接使用颜色赋值
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LinearGradientBrush线性渐变画刷，色彩沿设定的直线方向、按设定的变化点进行渐变
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RadialGradientBrush径向渐变画刷，色彩沿半径的方向，按设定的变化点进行渐变，形成圆形填充
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ImageBrush使用图片Image作为填充内容
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DrawingBrush使用矢量图Vector和位图Bitmap作为填充内容
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VisualBrush：WPF中每个控件都是由FrameworkElement类派生来的，而FrameworkElement是由Visual类派生来的。每个控件的可视化形象就可以通过Visual类的方法来获得。获得这个可视化的形象之后，我们可以使用这个形象进行填充，这就是VisualBrush。比如我们想把窗体上的某个控件拖拽到另一个位置，当鼠标松开之前需要再鼠标指针下显示一个控件的幻影，这个幻影就用VisualBrush填充出来的一个矩形，并让矩形捕获鼠标的位置、随鼠标移动。
<DrawingBrush x:Key="CloudDrawingBrush" o:Freeze="True" Opacity=".1" RenderOptions.CacheInvalidationThresholdMaximum="2.0" RenderOptions.CacheInvalidationThresholdMinimum="0.5" RenderOptions.CachingHint="Cache" Stretch="Uniform" TileMode="Tile" Viewport="0,0,314,157" ViewportUnits="Absolute"> <DrawingBrush.Drawing> <DrawingGroup o:Freeze="True"> <ImageDrawing ImageSource="/LpbPrj.Client.UI.Demo;component/Resources/Img/cloud.png" Rect="0,0,314,157" /> </DrawingGroup> </DrawingBrush.Drawing> </DrawingBrush>
2）Path（路径）
路径是WPF回途中最强大的工作，完全可以替代其他图形，也可以将简单的基本元素结合起来形成复杂的图像。路径的最重要属性就是Data，Data的数据类型是Geometry（几何图形）。这里我建议使用PS和Blend相结合的方法实现Path。可以参考：http://www.mikeswanson.com/XAMLExport/
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3）图形效果（Effect）
BlurEffect：模糊效果
DropShadowEffect：投影效果
ShaderEffect：着色器效果
<Color x:Key="EffectShadowColor">#AA000000</Color>
<DropShadowEffect x:Key="EffectShadow1" PresentationOptions:Freeze="True" BlurRadius="5" ShadowDepth="1" Direction="270" Color="{StaticResource EffectShadowColor}" Opacity=".2" RenderingBias="Performance" />
<DropShadowEffect x:Key="EffectShadow2" PresentationOptions:Freeze="True" BlurRadius="8" ShadowDepth="1.5" Direction="270" Color="{StaticResource EffectShadowColor}" Opacity=".2" RenderingBias="Performance" />
<DropShadowEffect x:Key="EffectShadow3" PresentationOptions:Freeze="True" BlurRadius="14" ShadowDepth="4.5" Direction="270" Color="{StaticResource EffectShadowColor}" Opacity=".2" RenderingBias="Performance" />
<DropShadowEffect x:Key="EffectShadow4" PresentationOptions:Freeze="True" BlurRadius="25" ShadowDepth="8" Direction="270" Color="{StaticResource EffectShadowColor}" Opacity=".2" RenderingBias="Performance" />
<DropShadowEffect x:Key="EffectShadow5" PresentationOptions:Freeze="True" BlurRadius="35" ShadowDepth="13" Direction="270" Color="{StaticResource EffectShadowColor}" Opacity=".2" RenderingBias="Performance" />
4）图形的变形（Transform）
控件变形的属性有两个：
- RenderTransform：呈现变形，定义在UIElement类中
- LayoutTransform：布局变形，定义在FrameworkElement类中
这两个属性都是依赖属性，数据类型都是Transform抽象类，也就是说Transform的派生类都可以赋值这两个属性。常用的派生类如下：
矩阵变形MatrixTransform，把容纳被变形的UI元素的矩形顶点看做一个矩形进行变形
旋转变形RotateTransform，以给定的点为旋转中心，以角度为单位进行旋转变形
坐标系变形ScaleTransform，坐标系变形，调整被变形元素的坐标系，可产生缩放效果
拉伸变形SkewTransform，可在横向或者纵向上对被变形元素进行拉伸
偏移变形TranslateTransform，使被变形元素在横向或纵向上偏移一个给定的值
变形组TransformGroup，可以把多个独立变形合成一个变形组，产生复合变性的效果
动画
1）动画
就是会动的画，会动指的是能够让UI元素或者元素变形的某个属性值产生连续的变化，针对每个可能的数据类型，WPF提供对应的动画类，这些动画类都派生自AnimationTimeline。
2）场景（Storyboard），就是并行执行一组动画
<Storyboard x:Key="Storyboard1">
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="PART_VerticalScrollBar" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:.2" Value=".8" />
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="PART_HorizontalScrollBar" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:.2" Value=".8" />
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
</Storyboard>
<Storyboard x:Key="Storyboard2">
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="PART_VerticalScrollBar" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:.2" Value="0" />
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="PART_HorizontalScrollBar" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:.2" Value="0" />
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
</Storyboard>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<EventTrigger RoutedEvent="MouseEnter">
<BeginStoryboard Storyboard="{StaticResource Storyboard1}"/>
</EventTrigger>
<EventTrigger RoutedEvent="MouseLeave">
<BeginStoryboard Storyboard="{StaticResource Storyboard2}"/>
</EventTrigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
