Spring MVC 配置

一、工作流程

DispatcherServlet接收Client请求

根据HandlerMapping映射到Handler

生成Handler和HandlerInterceptor，组装成HandlerExecutionChain返还给DispatcherServlet

DispatcherServlet通过HandlerAdapter调用Handler方法并返回一个ModelAndView

DispatcherServlet将ModelAndView传给ViewResolver解析成View

DispatcherServlet渲染View并返回给Client

二、如何使用

新建maven工程，骨架选webapp，导入依赖：

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet:

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

注意springmvc.xml是自己建立在resources目录下的文件。

接下来配置springmvc.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
    <!-- 自动扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wts"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

创建Controller:

package com.wts.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloHandler {

    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public String index() {
        return "index";
    }
}

配置Tomcat并启动（需要提前安装）