Spring Cloud 学习 (四) Hystrix & Hystrix Dashboard & Turbine

在复杂的分布式系统中,可能有几十个服务相互依赖,这些服务由于某些原因,例如机房的不可靠性、网络服务商的不可靠性等,导致某个服务不可用 。 如果系统不隔离该不可用的服务,可能会导致整个系统不可用。Hystrix 提供了熔断器功能,能够阻止分布式系统中出现联动故障。Hystrix 是通过隔离服务的访问点阻止联动故障的,并提供了故障的解决方案,从而提高了整个分布式系统的弹性。

使用 Hystrix

在 Ribbon 使用 Hystrix

添加依赖包

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.netflix.hystrix</groupId>
    <artifactId>hystrix-javanica</artifactId>
</dependency>

修改启动类

@EnableHystrix // 启用 Hystrix 熔断器
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaRibbonClientApp {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaRibbonClientApp.class, args);
    }
}

修改 Service

@Service
public class RibbonService {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "hiError") // 启用 Hystrix 熔断器
    public String hi(String name){
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://eureka-client/hi?name=" + name, String.class);
    }

    public String hiError(String name){
        return "error! sorry, " + name;
    }
}

测试

  1. 启动 eureka-server
  2. 启动 eureka-ribbon-client

访问 http://localhost:8021/hi?name=victor 可以看到返回的是 hiError 方法执行的结果

在 Feign 使用 Hystrix

application.yml 添加

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

添加熔断处理类

@Component
public class HiHystrix implements EurekaClientFeign {

    @Override
    public String sayHi(String name) {
        return "error! sorry, " + name;
    }
}

修改 FeignClient

@FeignClient(value = "eureka-client", configuration = FeignConfig.class
        , fallback = HiHystrix.class)
public interface EurekaClientFeign {

    @GetMapping("/hi")
    String sayHi(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}

测试

  1. 启动 eureka-server
  2. 启动 eureka-feign-client

访问 http://localhost:8031/hi?name=victor 可以看到返回的是 hiError 方法执行的结果

使用 Hystrix Dashboard 监控熔断器状态

在 Ribbon 使用 Hystrix Dashboard

添加依赖包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
</dependency>

修改启动类

@EnableHystrix // 启用 Hystrix 熔断器
@EnableHystrixDashboard // 启用 Hystrix Dashboard
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaRibbonClientApp {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaRibbonClientApp.class, args);
    }
}

application.yml 添加

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"

测试

  1. 启动 eureka-server
  2. 启动 eureka-ribbon-client

先访问 http://localhost:8021/hi?name=victor,然后访问 http://localhost:8021/actuator/hystrix.stream 浏览器上会显示熔断器的数据指标

访问 http://localhost:8021/hystrix,然后在界面输入 http://localhost:8021/actuator/hystrix.stream 点击 [Monitor Stream] 按钮可以看到熔断器的各种数据指标

在 Feign 使用 Hystrix Dashboard

添加依赖包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
</dependency>

与 Ribbon 相比需要添加 spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix 依赖

修改启动类

@EnableFeignClients // 开启 Feign Client
@EnableHystrixDashboard // 启用 Hystrix Dashboard
@EnableCircuitBreaker // 启用 Hystrix 熔断器
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaFeignClientApp {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaFeignClientApp.class, args);
    }
}

与 Ribbon 相比需要添加 @EnableCircuitBreaker 注解

application.yml 添加

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"

测试

  1. 启动 eureka-server
  2. 启动 eureka-feign-client

先访问 http://localhost:8031/hi?name=victor,然后访问 http://localhost:8031/actuator/hystrix.stream 浏览器上会显示熔断器的数据指标

访问 http://localhost:8031/hystrix,然后在界面输入 http://localhost:8031/actuator/hystrix.stream 点击 [Monitor Stream] 按钮可以看到熔断器的各种数据指标

使用 Turbine 聚合监控

新建 spring-cloud-eureka-turbine-client Module

pom

<parent>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-parent</artifactId>
    <groupId>com.karonda</groupId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<artifactId>spring-cloud-eureka-turbine-client</artifactId>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-turbine</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

application.yml

server:
  port: 8041

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/

spring:
  application:
    name: turbine-client
turbine:
  aggregator:
    cluster-config: default
  app-config: ribbon-client, feign-client
  cluster-name-expression: new String("default")

启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableHystrixDashboard // 启用 Hystrix Dashboard
@EnableTurbine // 启用 Hystrix Turbine
public class EurekaTurbineClientApp {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaTurbineClientApp.class, args);
    }
}

测试

  1. 启动 eureka-server
  2. 启动 eureka-ribbon-client
  3. 启动 eureka-feign-client
  4. 启动 eureka-turbine-client
  5. 访问 http://localhost:8021/hi?name=victor
  6. 访问 http://localhost:8031/hi?name=victor

访问 http://localhost:8021/hystrixhttp://localhost:8031/hystrix 然后在界面输入 http://localhost:8041/turbine.stream 点击 [Monitor Stream] 按钮可以看到 eureka-ribbon-client 和 eureka-feign-client 熔断器的各种数据指标

完整代码:GitHub

本人 C# 转 Java 的 newbie, 如有错误或不足欢迎指正,谢谢

posted @ 2019-06-13 12:44  VictorBu  阅读(278)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报