PHP导入导出Excel要领
原作者:冰山上的播客
看到这篇文章的时候,很是惊讶原作者的耐心,虽然我们在平时用的也有一些,但没有作者列出来的全,写excel的时候,我用过pear的库,也用过pack压包的头,同样那些运用 smarty等作的基本替换xml的也用过,csv的就更不用谈了。呵呵。(COM方式不讲了,这种可读的太多了,我也写过运用 wps等执行 word等的生成之类的文章 )
但是在读的时候,只用过一种,具体是什么忘了,要回去翻代码了。因为采用的是拿来主义,记不住。
原文地址:http://xinsync.xju.edu.cn/index.php/archives/3858
原文内容:
最近因项目须要,须要开发一个模块,把系统中的一些数据导出成Excel,修改后再导回系统。就趁机对这个研究了一番,下面执行 一些总结。
基本上导出的文件分为两种:
1:类Excel格式,这个其实不是传统意义上的Excel文件,只是因为Excel的兼容能力强,能够正确打开而已。修改这种文件后再保存,通常会提示你能不能要转换成Excel文件。
优点:基本。
缺点:难以生成格式,如果用来导入须要自己分别编写相应的程序。
2:Excel格式,与类Excel相对应,这种要领生成的文件更接近于真实的Excel格式。
如果导出中文时出现乱码,可以尝试将字符串转换成gb2312,例如下面就把$yourStr从utf-8转换成了gb2312:
$yourStr = mb_convert_encoding(”gb2312″, “UTF-8″, $yourStr);
下面细致列举几种要领。
一、PHP导出Excel
1:第一推选无比风骚的PHPExcel,官方站点: http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel
导入导出都成,可以导出office2007格式,同时兼容2003。
下载下来的包中有文档和例子,大家可以自行研究。
抄段例子出来:
PHP代码
<?php
/**
* PHPExcel
*
* Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*
* @category PHPExcel
* @package PHPExcel
* @copyright Copyright (c) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel ( http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel)
* @license http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt LGPL
* @version 1.5.0, 2007-10-23
*/
/** Error reporting */
error_reporting(E_ALL);
/** Include path **/
set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . ‘../Classes/’);
/** PHPExcel */
include ‘PHPExcel.php’;
/** PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007 */
include ‘PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php’;
// Create new PHPExcel object
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Create new PHPExcel object\n”;
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();
// Set properties
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Set properties\n”;
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator(”Maarten Balliauw”);
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy(”Maarten Balliauw”);
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle(”Office 2007 XLSX Test Document”);
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject(”Office 2007 XLSX Test Document”);
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescrīption(”Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.”);
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords(”office 2007 openxml php”);
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory(”Test result file”);
// Add some data
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Add some data\n”;
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’A1′, ‘Hello’);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’B2′, ‘world!’);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’C1′, ‘Hello’);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’D2′, ‘world!’);
// Rename sheet
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Rename sheet\n”;
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle(’Simple’);
// Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
// Save Excel 2007 file
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Write to Excel2007 format\n”;
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);
$objWriter->save(str_replace(’.php’, ‘.xlsx’, __FILE__));
// Echo done
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Done writing file.\r\n”;
2、运用 pear的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer类
下载地址: http://pear.php.net/package/Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer
此类依赖于OLE,下载地址:http://pear.php.net/package/OLE
须要留心的是导出的Excel文件格式比较老,修改后保存会提示能不能转换成更新的格式。
不过可以设定格式,很强大。
PHP代码
<?php
require_once ‘Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php’;
// Creating a workbook
$workbook = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer();
// sending HTTP headers
$workbook->send(’test.xls’);
// Creating a worksheet
$worksheet =& $workbook->addWorksheet(’My first worksheet’);
// The actual data
$worksheet->write(0, 0, ‘Name’);
$worksheet->write(0, 1, ‘Age’);
$worksheet->write(1, 0, ‘John Smith’);
$worksheet->write(1, 1, 30);
$worksheet->write(2, 0, ‘Johann Schmidt’);
$worksheet->write(2, 1, 31);
$worksheet->write(3, 0, ‘Juan Herrera’);
$worksheet->write(3, 1, 32);
// Let’s send the file
$workbook->close();
?>
3:运用 smarty,生成符合Excel规范的XML或HTML文件
支持格式,非常完美的导出方案。不过导出来的的本质上还是XML文件,如果用来导入就须要另外处理了。
细致内容请见rardge大侠的帖子:http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=745757
须要留心的是如果导出的表格行数不确定时,最好在模板中把”ss:Exp andedColumnCount=”5″ ss:Exp andedRowCount=”21″”之类的东西删掉。
4、运用 pack函数打印出模拟Excel格式的断句符号,这种更接近于Excel标准格式,用office2003修改后保存,还不会弹出提示,推选用这种要领。
缺点是无格式。
PHP代码
<?php
// Send Header
header(”Pragma: public”);
header(”Exp ires: 0″);
header(”Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0″);
header(”Content-Type: application/force-download”);
header(”Content-Type: application/octet-stream”);
header(”Content-Type: application/download”);;
header(”Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=test.xls “);
header(”Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary “);
xlsBOF();
xlsWriteLabel(1,0,”My excel line one”);
xlsWriteLabel(2,0,”My excel line two : “);
xlsWriteLabel(2,1,”Hello everybody”);
xlsEOF();
function xlsBOF() {
echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×809, 0×8, 0×0, 0×10, 0×0, 0×0);
return;
}
function xlsEOF() {
echo pack(”ss”, 0×0A, 0×00);
return;
}
function xlsWriteNumber($Row, $Col, $Value) {
echo pack(”sssss”, 0×203, 14, $Row, $Col, 0×0);
echo pack(”d”, $Value);
return;
}
function xlsWriteLabel($Row, $Col, $Value ) {
$L = strlen($Value);
echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×204, 8 + $L, $Row, $Col, 0×0, $L);
echo $Value;
return;
}
?>
不过笔者在64位linux系统中运用时失败了,断句符号全部变成了乱码。
5、运用制表符、换行符的要领
制表符”\t”用户分割同一行中的列,换行符”\t\n”可以开启下一行。
<?php
header(”Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-execl”);
header(”Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=myExcel.xls”);
header(”Pragma: no-cache”);
header(”Exp ires: 0″);
/*first line*/
echo “hello”.”\t”;
echo “world”.”\t”;
echo “\t\n”;
/*start of second line*/
echo “this is second line”.”\t”;
echo “Hi,pretty girl”.”\t”;
echo “\t\n”;
?>
6、运用 com
如果你的PHP可以开启com模块,就可以用它来导出Excel文件
PHP代码
<?PHP
$filename = “c:/spreadhseet/test.xls”;
$sheet1 = 1;
$sheet2 = “sheet2″;
$excel_app = new COM(”Excel.application”) or Die (”Did not connect”);
print “Application name: {$excel_app->Application->value}\n” ;
print “Loaded version: {$excel_app->Application->version}\n”;
$Workbook = $excel_app->Workbooks->Open(”$filename”) or Die(”Did not open $filename $Workbook”);
$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet1);
$Worksheet->activate;
$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″);
$excel_cell->activate;
$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;
print “$excel_result\n”;
$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet2);
$Worksheet->activate;
$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″);
$excel_cell->activate;
$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;
print “$excel_result\n”;
#To close all instances of excel:
$Workbook->Close;
unset($Worksheet);
unset($Workbook);
$excel_app->Workbooks->Close();
$excel_app->Quit();
unset($excel_app);
?>
一个更好的例子: http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/16928/showart_387171.html
一、PHP导入Excel
1:还是用PHPExcel,官方站点: http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel。
2:运用 PHP-ExcelReader,下载地址: http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpexcelreader
举例:
PHP代码
<?php
require_once ‘Excel/reader.php’;
// ExcelFile($filename, $encoding);
$data = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Reader();
// Set output Encoding.
$data->setOutputEncoding(’utf8′);
$data->read(’ jxlrwtest.xls’);
error_reporting(E_ALL ^ E_NOTICE);
for ($i = 1; $i <= $data->sheets[0]['numRows']; $i++) {
for ($j = 1; $j <= $data->sheets[0]['numCols']; $j++) {
echo “\”".$data->sheets[0]['cells'][$i][$j].”\”,”;
}
echo “\n”;
}
?>
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