python2与python3安装在同一个服务器上(linux)
一、Python2一般的默认安装的为python2.7
二、python3安装
Linux 安装python3.7.0
1、安装依赖包
1)首先安装gcc编译器,gcc有些系统版本已经默认安装,通过 gcc --version 查看,没安装的先安装gcc,
yum -y install gcc
2)安装其它依赖包,(注:不要缺少,否则有可能安装python出错,python3.7.0以下的版本可不装 libffi-devel )
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel
2、下载python3.7.0源码,根据需求下载
1)在https://www.python.org/ftp/python/中选择自己需要的python源码包,我下载的是python3.7.0
(大家也可以去https://www.python.org官网首页下载,找到downloads,就可以选择想要的版本下载了)
2)下载
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tgz
3)、解压Python-3.7.0.tgz
tar -zxvf Python-3.7.0.tgz
4、建立一个空文件夹,用于存放python3程序
mkdir /usr/local/python3
5、执行配置文件,编译,编译安装
cd Python-3.7.0 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 make && make install
安装完成没有提示错误便安装成功了
7、建立软连接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.7 /usr/bin/pip3
python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
总结报错解决
问题一:安装时报错ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'的解决办法
1、执行如下命令:
yum install libffi-devel
2、从"./configure ..."重新安装
问题二:pip3 install时报错“pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.”
先安装openssl-dev,然后重新编译安装,只是在编译的过程中加入 --enable-optimizations
centos:
先下载openssl最新版本
wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.2r.tar.gz tar zxvf openssl-1.0.2r.tar.gz ./config --prefix=/opt/openssl1.0.2r --openssldir=/opt/openssl1.0.2r/openssl no-zlib make && make install echo "/opt/openssl1.0.2r/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf ldconfig -v
这一步是清除编译好的源码
make clean 或者删除python解压的源码安装包
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --with-openssl=/opt/openssl1.0.2r/
make -j && make install
ubuntu:
sudo apt-get install libffi-dev
或者
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo apt-get dist-upgrade sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev python-setuptools python-pip python-smbus sudo apt-get install build-essential libncursesw5-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev sudo apt-get install libssl-dev openssl sudo apt-get install libffi-dev
centos7
yum install libffi-devel -y