[LeetCode]Counting Bits

Given a non negative integer number num. For every numbers i in the range 0 ≤ i ≤ num calculate the number of 1's in their binary representation and return them as an array.

Example:
For num = 5 you should return [0,1,1,2,1,2].

这应该是一道新放入的题。意思是给你一个非负整数num,对于0到num这(num+1)个整数,求出每个数用二进制表示时1的个数。

最简单的思路:对每个数,利用移位和按位与(i & 1)运算,计算1的个数。这样时间复杂度为O(n*sizeof(integer)),如果int用32位表示,那么时间复杂度就是O(32n)。

考虑优化成O(n):

对于11这个数,我们暂时用一个字节来表示

11:           0000 1011

11/2 = 5:0000 0101

容易发现,除了11最右边那个位和5的最高位,其他位对应一样。也就是说i用二进制表示时1出现的次数等于i/2中1出现的次数加1(如果i用二进制表示时最右边一位为1,否则不加1)。这样我们在计算i时可以利用前面已计算出的i/2:ret[i] = ret[i/2] + (i % 2 == 0 ? 0 : 1);

AC代码(C++):

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> countBits(int num) {
        if (num <= 0)
            return vector<int>(1, 0);

        vector<int> ret(num+1, 0);
        int i = 0;
        int half = 0;

        for (i = 1; i <= num; ++i)
        {
            //the number of 1's in half equals the number of 1's in i except the right-most bit in i 
            half = i >> 1;
            if (i % 2 == 0)//the right-most bit in i is 0
                ret[i] = ret[half];
            else//the right-most bit in i is 1
                ret[i] = ret[half] + 1;
        }

        return ret;
    }
};
posted @ 2016-03-18 13:36  哪来的查克拉  阅读(554)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报