centos7最小化安装后离线安装mysql

系统镜像：CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-2207-02.iso

一、安装依赖：

（方式一）

1.安装gcc

1.1

下载地址1：https://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/
下载地址2：https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos-vault/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/
下载地址3：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/
顺序安装：
（以下软件包来源于“下载地址1”）
rpm -i mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i kernel-headers-3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64.rpm

1.2

下载地址4：https://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/updates/x86_64/Packages/

[root@master ~]# rpm -q glibc
glibc-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64

顺序安装：
（以下软件包来源于“下载地址4”）
rpm -i glibc-headers-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i glibc-devel-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64.rpm

1.3

顺序安装：
（以下软件包来源于“下载地址1”）
rpm -i cpp-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i gcc-4.8.5-44.el7.x86_64.rpm

2.安装perl

2.1

下载链接5：http://www.cpan.org/src/5.0/perl-5.16.1.tar.gz
tar zxf perl-5.16.1.tar.gz
cd perl-5.16.1
./Configure -des -Dprefix=/usr/bin/perl
make
make install
ln -s /usr/bin/perl/bin/perl /usr/sbin/perl
echo "export PERL5LIB=/usr/bin/perl/lib/5.16.1" >> /etc/profile
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$PERL5LIB' >> /etc/profile

20250303第一次追加

（方式二）

1.挂载镜像文件

mkdir /opt/packages
mount /dev/cdrom / /opt/packages

2.配置repo文件

2.1备份

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/ /etc/yum.repos.d.bak

2.1配置

mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/
echo [Local] >> /etc/yum.repos.d/Package-Local.repo
echo name=local >> /etc/yum.repos.d/Package-Local.repo
echo baseurl=file:///opt/packages >> /etc/yum.repos.d/Package-Local.repo
echo gpgcheck=0 >> /etc/yum.repos.d/Package-Local.repo
echo enable=1 >> /etc/yum.repos.d/Package-Local.repo
yum clean all

3.安装perl

yum -y install perl

二、安装MySQL

MySQL版本：
mysql-community-common-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

3.1安装

cd /opt/software
rpm -i mysql-community-common*
rpm -i mysql-community-libs*
rpm -i mysql-community-client*
rpm -i mysql-community-devel*
rpm -i mysql-community-server* --nodeps

3.2配置

echo 'default-storage-engine=innodb' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'innodb_file_per_table' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'collation-server=utf8_general_ci' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo "init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'" >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'character-set-server=utf8' >> /etc/my.cnf

3.3初始化

systemctl start mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld

[root@master ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-03-02T07:02:27.867408Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: mN?s8kP?GoZ9
[root@master ~]# mysql_secure_installation
#临时密码
Enter password for user root: mN?s8kP?GoZ9
#新密码
New password: Jcg7336$

Re-enter new password: Jcg7336$
#移除匿名用户
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
#不允许root用户远程登录
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n  #允许
#移除test数据库
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n

[root@master ~]# MySQLRootPassword="Jcg7336$"
[root@master ~]# mysql -uroot -p"${MySQLRootPassword}" -e"
> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'localhost' identified by '${MySQLRootPassword}';
> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '${MySQLRootPassword}'; 
> flush privileges;
> select user,host from mysql.user where user='root';
> "> /root/successful.txt
[root@master ~]# cat successful.txt 
user    host
root    %
root    localhost

参考链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/dll102/p/15822169.html

ps:
1.中科大的yum源。CentOS-Base.repo中有[base]和[updates]，区别在查找路径https://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/以后[base]在os以后查找软件包，[updates]在updates以后查找软件包
2.因为已经确定perl安装好了，所以强制安装mysql-community-server

perl测试

[root@master ~]# perl -v

This is perl 5, version 16, subversion 1 (v5.16.1) built for x86_64-linux

Copyright 1987-2012, Larry Wall

Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the
GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.

Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on
this system using "man perl" or "perldoc perl".  If you have access to the
Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.

[root@master ~]# env | grep PERL               
PERL5LIB=/usr/bin/perl/lib/
[root@master ~]# perl -MGetopt::Long -e 'print $INC{"Getopt/Long.pm"} . "\n"'
/usr/bin/perl/lib/5.16.1/Getopt/Long.pm
perl -Mstrict -e 'print $INC{"strict.pm"} . "\n"'
[root@master ~]# perl -Mstrict -e 'print $INC{"strict.pm"} . "\n"'
/usr/bin/perl/lib/5.16.1/strict.pm

20250303第一次追加 pps:

1.查看软件包数量

[root@master ~]# yum repolist
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
Local                                                | 3.6 kB     00:00     
(1/2): Local/group_gz                                  | 153 kB   00:00     
(2/2): Local/primary_db                                | 6.1 MB   00:00     
源标识                             源名称                             状态
Local                              local                              10,073
repolist: 10,073

2.镜像文件中的repodata中标记了软件包所在地址，顺序：yum->repodata->Packages